References analysis of the Wikipedia article "كليوباترا" in the Arabic version

archive.org

[a] PinaPolo (2013), vol. 1, p. 186، 194.
[b] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 175.
[c] Higgs (2001), vol. 1, p. 208–209.
edward bond (2013). Seduction and Power: Antiquity in the Visual and Performing Arts (بالإنجليزية). London: Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN:978-1-4411-9065-9. OL:31124181M. QID:Q124466341. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Peter Ware Higgs (2001). "Searching for Cleopatra's image: classical portraits in stone". في Susan Walker (المحرر). Cleopatra of Egypt: from History to Myth (ط. 1). Princeton University Press. ISBN:978-0-691-08835-8.

[a] Meadows&Ashton (2001), vol. 1, p. 178.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 205.
Andrew Meadows, Sally-Ann Ashton (2001). "186 Bronze coin of Cleopatra VII". في Susan Walker, Peter Higgs (المحرر). Cleopatra of Egypt: from History to Myth (ط. 1). Princeton University Press. ISBN:978-0-691-08835-8. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Varner (2004), vol. 1, p. 20.
[b] Ferroukhi (2001), vol. 1, p. 219.
[c] Kleiner (2005), vol. 1, p. 155–156.
Eric R. Varner (2004). Multilation and Transformation: Damnatio Memoriae and Roman Imperial Portaiture (بالإنجليزية). Leiden: Brill. ISBN:978-90-04-13577-2. OL:22125697M. QID:Q124359228. Mahfoud Ferroukhi (2001). "197 Marble portrait, perhaps of Cleopatra VII's daughter, Cleopatra Selene, Queen of Mauretania". في Susan Walker, Peter Higgs (المحرر). Cleopatra of Egypt: from History to Myth (ط. 1). Princeton University Press. ISBN:978-0-691-08835-8. Diana Kleiner (2009). Cleopatra and Rome (بالإنجليزية). Harvard University Press. ISBN:978-0-674-03236-1. OL:28442748M. QID:Q54636950.

doi.org

[a] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 25.
[b] Bivar (1983), vol. 1, p. 58.
[c] Brosius (2006), vol. 1, p. 96.
Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. J. F. Hansman (1984-09). "The Cambridge History of Iran. Vol. III. The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian Periods. 2 parts. Edited by Ehsan Yarshater. 23.5 × 16 cm. Pp. xcvi + 1494, 29 figs., 16 maps + 148 pls. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983. ISBN 0–521–24699?". Antiquaries Journal (بالإنجليزية). 64 (02): 460–462. DOI:10.1017/S0003581500080847. ISSN:0003-5815. QID:Q59173830. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: تحقق من التاريخ في: |publication-date= (help) Maria Brosius (2006). The Persians (Peoples of the Ancient World). Abingdon on Thames: روتليدج. ISBN:978-0-415-32089-4. OL:24878006M. QID:Q124440764.

elcinema.com

openlibrary.org

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 33–32.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 129 ,11 ,3, 1.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 11.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 33–29.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 1، 5، 13–14، 88، 105–106.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 11–12.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Schiff (2011), vol. 1, p. 35.
[b] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 48-46.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 12-11.
Stacy Schiff (2011). Cleopatra: A Life (بالإنجليزية). London: Virgin Books. ISBN:978-0-7535-3956-9. QID:Q117751549. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 48-46.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 12-11.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 5، 82، 88، 105–106.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 46–48، 100. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 38–42.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 10.
[c] Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 9–12.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 17.
[b] Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 11-10.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 17.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xix.
[c] Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 11.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 17.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 12.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 74.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 17.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xix.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 3.
[b] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 15.
Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 4.
[b] Preston (2009), vol. 1, p. 22.
[c] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. xiii، 28.
Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589. Diana Preston (2009). Cleopatra and Antony: Power, Love, and Politics in the Ancient World (بالإنجليزية). London: Walker Books. ISBN:978-0-8027-1738-2. OL:23164902M. QID:Q124421929. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 16.
[b] Anderson (2003), vol. 1, p. 38.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 73.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Jaynie Anderson (2003). Tiepolo's Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية). London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN:978-1-876832-44-5. OL:3369650M. QID:Q123346784. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 18-19.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 68-69.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 19.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 69.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 45-46. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 45.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 81.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 20.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xix ،13–12.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 20-21.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xx ،13–12.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 74-76.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 21.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 13.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 76.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 22.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xx ،75 ،13.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 76.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 22.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 13، 75.
[c] Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 14-15.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 22.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xx ،75 ،13.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 76-77.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 22.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 76-77.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 23.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 13.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 77-78.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 23-24.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 78.
[c] Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 16.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442. Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 24. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 24.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xx ،13.
[c] Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 16-17.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 24.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 13، 76.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 76. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 24–25.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 76.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 24-25.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 23، 73.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 25.
[b] Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 18.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 25.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xx.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 25-26.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 13–14, 76.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 11-12.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 25-26.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 13-14.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 11–12, 80.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 26.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 14.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 11-12.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 26–27.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 14.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 80، 85.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 27.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 14، xx.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 84-85.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 26.
[b] Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 18.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589.

[a] Hölbl (2000), vol. 1, p. 231.
[b] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 53، 56.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 15-16، xx.
Günther Hölbl (2000). A History of the Ptolemaic Empire (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN:978-0-415-20145-2. OL:22411806M. QID:Q124349832. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 53-54.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 16-17.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 53. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 54-56. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 54-56.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 16.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 56.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 16.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 56. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 53.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 16.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 91-92.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xx. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Hölbl (2000), vol. 1, p. 231. Günther Hölbl (2000). A History of the Ptolemaic Empire (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN:978-0-415-20145-2. OL:22411806M. QID:Q124349832.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 36–37.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 5.
[c] Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 26-27.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 36-37.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 5.
[c] Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 26-27.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 56-57.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 16-17.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 73، 92–93.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 56-57.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 92-93.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Hölbl (2000), vol. 1, p. 231.
[b] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 57.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 17، xx.
Günther Hölbl (2000). A History of the Ptolemaic Empire (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN:978-0-415-20145-2. OL:22411806M. QID:Q124349832. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 57. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 58.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 94-95.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 58.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 95.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 58-59.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 17.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 95-96.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 59.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 17، xx.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 96.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 59-60.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 17، xx.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 97-98.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 33–32.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 259.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 17، xxi.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 60.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxi ،17.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 97-98.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 60.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 259.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxi ،17–18.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 60-61.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 259-260.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxi ،18.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 60-61.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 18، xxi.
[c] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 260.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 61.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 100.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 61.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 18.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 100.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 61.
[b] Hölbl (2000), vol. 1, p. 234-235.
[c] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. 56-57.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Günther Hölbl (2000). A History of the Ptolemaic Empire (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN:978-0-415-20145-2. OL:22411806M. QID:Q124349832. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 61.
[b] Hölbl (2000), vol. 1, p. 234.
[c] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. 57-58.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Günther Hölbl (2000). A History of the Ptolemaic Empire (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN:978-0-415-20145-2. OL:22411806M. QID:Q124349832. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 61-62.
[b] Hölbl (2000), vol. 1, p. 235.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 112-113.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Günther Hölbl (2000). A History of the Ptolemaic Empire (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN:978-0-415-20145-2. OL:22411806M. QID:Q124349832. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 26، 62.
[b] Hölbl (2000), vol. 1, p. 235.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 18.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Günther Hölbl (2000). A History of the Ptolemaic Empire (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN:978-0-415-20145-2. OL:22411806M. QID:Q124349832. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 61.
[b] Hölbl (2000), vol. 1, p. 235.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 18، 76.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Günther Hölbl (2000). A History of the Ptolemaic Empire (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN:978-0-415-20145-2. OL:22411806M. QID:Q124349832. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 61.
[b] Hölbl (2000), vol. 1, p. 235.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 18-19.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Günther Hölbl (2000). A History of the Ptolemaic Empire (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN:978-0-415-20145-2. OL:22411806M. QID:Q124349832. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 63.
[b] Hölbl (2000), vol. 1, p. 236.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 118-119.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Günther Hölbl (2000). A History of the Ptolemaic Empire (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN:978-0-415-20145-2. OL:22411806M. QID:Q124349832. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 63.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxi ،76.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 119.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 62-63.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 260.
[c] Hölbl (2000), vol. 1, p. 235–236.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Günther Hölbl (2000). A History of the Ptolemaic Empire (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN:978-0-415-20145-2. OL:22411806M. QID:Q124349832.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 63.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 260.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 19.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 63–64.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 260.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxi ,19 ,76.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 64.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxi ,19–21 ,76.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 172.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 64, 69.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxi ,19–20.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 120.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 64. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 64–65.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 260.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 19.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 65.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 19.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 260.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 19–20.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 125.
Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 65-66. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 65–66.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 126.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 66.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 108، 149–150.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 67. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 67.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 19–20.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 67.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 20.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 153.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 69–70.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 260.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxi ،20.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 70. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 70.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 162–163.
[c] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. xiv.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 71.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxi, 20.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 179–182.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 21، 57، 72.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxi ،20 ،64.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 181–182.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 72.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 194–195.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 72، 126.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 21.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 201–202.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 72، 175.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 21.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 195–196، 201.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 72. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 72–74.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 205–206.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 74.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxi ،21.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 207–213.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 74.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxi ،21.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 213–214.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 74–75.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxi ،22.
[c] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. xiv.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 75.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxi ،21–22.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 75. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 75.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 22.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 25.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 22–23.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 75.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxi ،22–23.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 76. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 76–77.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxi ،23.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 77.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxi ،23.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 77–79.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 23.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 79.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxi ،24 ،76.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 79.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 24.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 79.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxii ،24.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 79–80.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 25.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 77–79، 82.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 24.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 81–82. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 82–83.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 301.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 82–83. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 83. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 83–84.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxii ،25.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 84. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 25. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 84.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 73.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 84–85. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 85. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 85.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 25.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 85–86.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxii ،25 ،73.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 86. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 86–87.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 26.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 86–87. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 89. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 89–90. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 90. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 90.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxii ،25–26.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 90–91.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 77.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxii ،25–26. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 91–92.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 301.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 92.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 301.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxii ،25–26.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 92. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 92–93.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxii ،25–26.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 93–94.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 26.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 94، 142.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 26.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 94.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxii ،25–26.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 95.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 26–27.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 94–95. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 95. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 95–96. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 96. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 96.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxii ،25–26.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 97.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 301.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxii ،27.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 97.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 27.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 97. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 97–98.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 27–28.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 98.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 301.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 98.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 301.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 27.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 99.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 28.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 99.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxii ،28.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 99.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 28–29.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 99. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 99–100.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 301–302.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxii ،29.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 100.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 29.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 100.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxii ،29.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 100–101.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 29.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 129–130.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 29.
[c] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. xiv.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 129–130.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 29.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 130.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 65–66.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 130–131. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 132. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 133. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 133–134.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 33.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 134.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 33.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Reece (2017), vol. 1, p. 201–202. Anne H. Groton (2017). Ab omni parte beatus: Classical Essays in Honor of James M. May (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). ISBN:978-0-86516-843-5. OL:44504771M. QID:Q124466422.

Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 302. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 134.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 302–303.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 134.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 303.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 134.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 303.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 29–30.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 134. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 135.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 30.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 135.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 303.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 135.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 303.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxii ،29.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 135.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 303.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 29.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 135.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 29.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 136.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 303.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 29.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 303. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 136.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxii ،30.
[c] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. 147.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 136–137. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 137، 139.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 30.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 303–304. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 137.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 30.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 137.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 303–304.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 137–138. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 138. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 139. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 139.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 303–304.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxii ،30.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 139–140.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 304.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 30–31.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 30–31. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 139–140. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 140. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 140.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 304.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxii–xxiii ،30–31.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 140.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxii–xxiii.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 141.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 31.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 141. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 141–142. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 142. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 142.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 31.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 143. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 142-143. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 143.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 31.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 143-144. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 144. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxiii ،31. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 144-145. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 145.
[b] Southern (2009), vol. 1, p. 153.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Pat Southern (2009). Antony & Cleopatra: The Doomed Love Affair That United Ancient Rome & Egypt (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Amberley Publishing. ISBN:978-1-84868-324-2. OL:23997465M. QID:Q123337295.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 145.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 304.
[c] Southern (2009), vol. 1, p. 153-154.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Pat Southern (2009). Antony & Cleopatra: The Doomed Love Affair That United Ancient Rome & Egypt (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Amberley Publishing. ISBN:978-1-84868-324-2. OL:23997465M. QID:Q123337295.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 145.
[b] Southern (2009), vol. 1, p. 154.
[c] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. 184.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Pat Southern (2009). Antony & Cleopatra: The Doomed Love Affair That United Ancient Rome & Egypt (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Amberley Publishing. ISBN:978-1-84868-324-2. OL:23997465M. QID:Q123337295. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 145.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 304.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 31.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 145.
[b] Southern (2009), vol. 1, p. 154-155.
[c] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. 184-185.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Pat Southern (2009). Antony & Cleopatra: The Doomed Love Affair That United Ancient Rome & Egypt (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Amberley Publishing. ISBN:978-1-84868-324-2. OL:23997465M. QID:Q123337295. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 146.
[b] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. 185-186.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 146.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 31.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 146.
[b] Southern (2009), vol. 1, p. 155.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Pat Southern (2009). Antony & Cleopatra: The Doomed Love Affair That United Ancient Rome & Egypt (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Amberley Publishing. ISBN:978-1-84868-324-2. OL:23997465M. QID:Q123337295.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 146–147، 213.
[b] Gurval (2011), vol. 1, p. 61.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Margaret Melanie Miles (2011). Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited (ط. 1st). دار نشر جامعة كاليفورنيا. ISBN:978-0-520-24367-5. OL:25045985M. QID:Q124613025.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 147. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 147.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 304.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 31.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 147-148.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxiii ،31–32.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 147.
[b] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. 194.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 147.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 65.
[c] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. 194–195.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 84.
[b] Anderson (2003), vol. 1, p. 56.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 31.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Jaynie Anderson (2003). Tiepolo's Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية). London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN:978-1-876832-44-5. OL:3369650M. QID:Q123346784. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 148.
[b] Anderson (2003), vol. 1, p. 56.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 31–32.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Jaynie Anderson (2003). Tiepolo's Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية). London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN:978-1-876832-44-5. OL:3369650M. QID:Q123346784. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 148–149.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 31–32.
[c] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. 194–195.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 149.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 32.
[c] Southern (2009), vol. 1, p. 153.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Pat Southern (2009). Antony & Cleopatra: The Doomed Love Affair That United Ancient Rome & Egypt (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Amberley Publishing. ISBN:978-1-84868-324-2. OL:23997465M. QID:Q123337295.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 84.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 11.
[c] Skeat (1953), vol. 1, p. 99–100.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Theodore Cressy Skeat (1953). The Last Days of Cleopatra: A Chronological Problem (ط. 1). Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies. ISSN:0075-4358.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 150.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 150–151.
[b] Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 304.
[c] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. 197–198.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

[a] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxiii ،1.
[b] Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 5–6.
Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589.

Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 304–307. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518.

Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 6–7. Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589.

Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 34. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Chauveau (2000), vol. 1, p. 69–71. Michel Chauveau (2000). Egypt in the Age of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN:978-0-8014-8576-3. OL:48400M. QID:Q116735997.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 104، 110–113.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 216–217.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 33–34. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 103–104. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 39-40. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Chauveau (2000), vol. 1, p. 78–80.
[b] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 104–105.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 37–38.
Michel Chauveau (2000). Egypt in the Age of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN:978-0-8014-8576-3. OL:48400M. QID:Q116735997. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 106–107. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 153.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 32، 76–77.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 153.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 77.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 33–32.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 11.
[c] Southern (2009), vol. 1, p. 155.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Pat Southern (2009). Antony & Cleopatra: The Doomed Love Affair That United Ancient Rome & Egypt (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Amberley Publishing. ISBN:978-1-84868-324-2. OL:23997465M. QID:Q123337295.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 153–154.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 77.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 154–155. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 155.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 32، 77.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 155.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxiii ،32 ،77.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 155–156.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xxiii ،32 ،77–78.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 156.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 32، 69، 77–78.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 151. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 7. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 7-8.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 67، 93.
[c] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. 32.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 7–8، 44. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 7–8.
[b] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. 32.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 8.
[b] Gurval (2011), vol. 1, p. 57–58.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Margaret Melanie Miles (2011). Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited (ط. 1st). دار نشر جامعة كاليفورنيا. ISBN:978-0-520-24367-5. OL:25045985M. QID:Q124613025.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 8. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 8–9.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 93.
[c] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. 60–62.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 8–9. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 8–9.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 67.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Gurval (2011), vol. 1, p. 66–70. Margaret Melanie Miles (2011). Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited (ط. 1st). دار نشر جامعة كاليفورنيا. ISBN:978-0-520-24367-5. OL:25045985M. QID:Q124613025.

[a] Gurval (2011), vol. 1, p. 65–66.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 67.
Margaret Melanie Miles (2011). Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited (ط. 1st). دار نشر جامعة كاليفورنيا. ISBN:978-0-520-24367-5. OL:25045985M. QID:Q124613025. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Anderson (2003), vol. 1, p. 54.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 68.
Jaynie Anderson (2003). Tiepolo's Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية). London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN:978-1-876832-44-5. OL:3369650M. QID:Q123346784. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 8–9.
[b] Chauveau (2000), vol. 1, p. 2–3.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Michel Chauveau (2000). Egypt in the Age of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN:978-0-8014-8576-3. OL:48400M. QID:Q116735997.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 1-2. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 2.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 63.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 3.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 11.
[c] Anderson (2003), vol. 1, p. 37–38.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Jaynie Anderson (2003). Tiepolo's Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية). London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN:978-1-876832-44-5. OL:3369650M. QID:Q123346784.

Anderson (2003), vol. 1, p. 36. Jaynie Anderson (2003). Tiepolo's Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية). London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN:978-1-876832-44-5. OL:3369650M. QID:Q123346784.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 176. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 72، 175.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 195–196.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 72، 151، 175.
[b] Varner (2004), vol. 1, p. 20.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Eric R. Varner (2004). Multilation and Transformation: Damnatio Memoriae and Roman Imperial Portaiture (بالإنجليزية). Leiden: Brill. ISBN:978-90-04-13577-2. OL:22125697M. QID:Q124359228.

[a] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 11.
[b] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 84.
Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Ashton (2008), vol. 1, p. 83. sally-ann ashton (2008). Cleopatra and Egypt (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN:978-1-4051-1390-8. OL:21039557M. QID:Q124434042.

Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 23. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 175. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 182–186. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 205. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 107. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. 31، 34. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

[a] Kleiner (2005), vol. 1, p. 144.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 104.
Diana Kleiner (2009). Cleopatra and Rome (بالإنجليزية). Harvard University Press. ISBN:978-0-674-03236-1. OL:28442748M. QID:Q54636950. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 18، 182.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 96.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 185. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 104. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

Kleiner (2005), vol. 1, p. 144. Diana Kleiner (2009). Cleopatra and Rome (بالإنجليزية). Harvard University Press. ISBN:978-0-674-03236-1. OL:28442748M. QID:Q54636950.

[a] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 96.
[b] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 182.
Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 182. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Anderson (2003), vol. 1, p. 36.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 195.
Jaynie Anderson (2003). Tiepolo's Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية). London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN:978-1-876832-44-5. OL:3369650M. QID:Q123346784. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

Fletcher (2008)، ج. 1، ص. 87. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 195. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 174–175.
[b] PinaPolo (2013), vol. 1, p. 185–186.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 198–199.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. edward bond (2013). Seduction and Power: Antiquity in the Visual and Performing Arts (بالإنجليزية). London: Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN:978-1-4411-9065-9. OL:31124181M. QID:Q124466341. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] PinaPolo (2013), vol. 1, p. 185–186.
[b] Kleiner (2005), vol. 1, p. 151–153، 155.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 198–199.
edward bond (2013). Seduction and Power: Antiquity in the Visual and Performing Arts (بالإنجليزية). London: Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN:978-1-4411-9065-9. OL:31124181M. QID:Q124466341. Diana Kleiner (2009). Cleopatra and Rome (بالإنجليزية). Harvard University Press. ISBN:978-0-674-03236-1. OL:28442748M. QID:Q54636950. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 174–175.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 198–199.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

PinaPolo (2013), vol. 1, p. 184–186. edward bond (2013). Seduction and Power: Antiquity in the Visual and Performing Arts (بالإنجليزية). London: Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN:978-1-4411-9065-9. OL:31124181M. QID:Q124466341.

[a] Kleiner (2005), vol. 1, p. 33–32.
[b] Preston (2009), vol. 1, p. 305.
[c] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 139.
Diana Kleiner (2009). Cleopatra and Rome (بالإنجليزية). Harvard University Press. ISBN:978-0-674-03236-1. OL:28442748M. QID:Q54636950. Diana Preston (2009). Cleopatra and Antony: Power, Love, and Politics in the Ancient World (بالإنجليزية). London: Walker Books. ISBN:978-0-8027-1738-2. OL:23164902M. QID:Q124421929. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 199–200.
Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 175–176. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 175.
[b] Walker (2001), vol. 1, p. 35، 42–44.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Susan Walker (2001). Cleopatra of Egypt: From History to Myth (بالإنجليزية). New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN:978-0-691-08835-8. OL:7758000M. QID:Q124374207.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 175.
[b] Walker (2001), vol. 1, p. 35، 44.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Susan Walker (2001). Cleopatra of Egypt: From History to Myth (بالإنجليزية). New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN:978-0-691-08835-8. OL:7758000M. QID:Q124374207.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 175.
[b] Walker (2001), vol. 1, p. 40.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 198-199.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Susan Walker (2001). Cleopatra of Egypt: From History to Myth (بالإنجليزية). New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN:978-0-691-08835-8. OL:7758000M. QID:Q124374207. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 175.
[b] Walker (2001), vol. 1, p. 43–44.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Susan Walker (2001). Cleopatra of Egypt: From History to Myth (بالإنجليزية). New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN:978-0-691-08835-8. OL:7758000M. QID:Q124374207.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 178.
[b] Walker (2001), vol. 1, p. 41–59.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Susan Walker (2001). Cleopatra of Egypt: From History to Myth (بالإنجليزية). New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN:978-0-691-08835-8. OL:7758000M. QID:Q124374207.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 178.
[b] Caygill (2009), vol. 1, p. 146.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Marjorie Caygill (2009). Treasures of the British Museum (بالإنجليزية). London: British Museum. ISBN:978-0-7141-5062-8. OL:23869920M. QID:Q124434056.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 178. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Kleiner (2005), vol. 1, p. 87.
[b] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 113–114، 176–177.
Diana Kleiner (2009). Cleopatra and Rome (بالإنجليزية). Harvard University Press. ISBN:978-0-674-03236-1. OL:28442748M. QID:Q54636950. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Kleiner (2005), vol. 1, p. 87.
[b] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 113–114.
Diana Kleiner (2009). Cleopatra and Rome (بالإنجليزية). Harvard University Press. ISBN:978-0-674-03236-1. OL:28442748M. QID:Q54636950. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 84.
[b] Ashton (2008), vol. 1, p. 83–85.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. sally-ann ashton (2008). Cleopatra and Egypt (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN:978-1-4051-1390-8. OL:21039557M. QID:Q124434042.

Ashton (2008), vol. 1, p. 83–85. sally-ann ashton (2008). Cleopatra and Egypt (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN:978-1-4051-1390-8. OL:21039557M. QID:Q124434042.

PinaPolo (2013), vol. 1, p. 194. edward bond (2013). Seduction and Power: Antiquity in the Visual and Performing Arts (بالإنجليزية). London: Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN:978-1-4411-9065-9. OL:31124181M. QID:Q124466341.

Goldsworthy (2010), vol. 1, p. 8. Adrian Goldsworthy (2010). Antony and Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Connecticut, New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN:978-0-300-16534-0. OL:25093846M. QID:Q124350070.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 6–7. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 6–9. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Gurval (2011), vol. 1, p. 73–74. Margaret Melanie Miles (2011). Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited (ط. 1st). دار نشر جامعة كاليفورنيا. ISBN:978-0-520-24367-5. OL:25045985M. QID:Q124613025.

[a] Anderson (2003), vol. 1, p. 51–54.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 68.
Jaynie Anderson (2003). Tiepolo's Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية). London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN:978-1-876832-44-5. OL:3369650M. QID:Q123346784. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Anderson (2003), vol. 1, p. 54–55. Jaynie Anderson (2003). Tiepolo's Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية). London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN:978-1-876832-44-5. OL:3369650M. QID:Q123346784.

Preston (2009), vol. 1, p. 25. Diana Preston (2009). Cleopatra and Antony: Power, Love, and Politics in the Ancient World (بالإنجليزية). London: Walker Books. ISBN:978-0-8027-1738-2. OL:23164902M. QID:Q124421929.

Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. 271–274. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

Anderson (2003), vol. 1, p. 54. Jaynie Anderson (2003). Tiepolo's Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية). London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN:978-1-876832-44-5. OL:3369650M. QID:Q123346784.

Anderson (2003), vol. 1, p. 60. Jaynie Anderson (2003). Tiepolo's Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية). London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN:978-1-876832-44-5. OL:3369650M. QID:Q123346784.

Anderson (2003), vol. 1, p. 51، 60–62. Jaynie Anderson (2003). Tiepolo's Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية). London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN:978-1-876832-44-5. OL:3369650M. QID:Q123346784.

Rowland (2011), vol. 1, p. 232. Margaret Melanie Miles (2011). Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited (ط. 1st). دار نشر جامعة كاليفورنيا. ISBN:978-0-520-24367-5. OL:25045985M. QID:Q124613025.

Rowland (2011), vol. 1, p. 232–233. Margaret Melanie Miles (2011). Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited (ط. 1st). دار نشر جامعة كاليفورنيا. ISBN:978-0-520-24367-5. OL:25045985M. QID:Q124613025.

Woodstra (2005), vol. 1, p. 548. Chris Woodstra; Gerald Brennan; Allen Schrott (2005). All Music Guide to Classical Music (بالإنجليزية). ISBN:978-0-87930-865-0. OL:18396876M. QID:Q124440100.

Woodstra (2005), vol. 1, p. 299. Chris Woodstra; Gerald Brennan; Allen Schrott (2005). All Music Guide to Classical Music (بالإنجليزية). ISBN:978-0-87930-865-0. OL:18396876M. QID:Q124440100.

Wyke (2011), vol. 1, p. 173–174. Margaret Melanie Miles (2011). Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited (ط. 1st). دار نشر جامعة كاليفورنيا. ISBN:978-0-520-24367-5. OL:25045985M. QID:Q124613025.

[a] Wyke (2011), vol. 1, p. 173–174.
[b] Pucci (2011), vol. 1, p. 201.
Margaret Melanie Miles (2011). Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited (ط. 1st). دار نشر جامعة كاليفورنيا. ISBN:978-0-520-24367-5. OL:25045985M. QID:Q124613025. Margaret Melanie Miles (2011). Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited (ط. 1st). دار نشر جامعة كاليفورنيا. ISBN:978-0-520-24367-5. OL:25045985M. QID:Q124613025.

Pucci (2011), vol. 1, p. 173–177. Margaret Melanie Miles (2011). Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited (ط. 1st). دار نشر جامعة كاليفورنيا. ISBN:978-0-520-24367-5. OL:25045985M. QID:Q124613025.

Wyke (2011), vol. 1, p. 173. Margaret Melanie Miles (2011). Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited (ط. 1st). دار نشر جامعة كاليفورنيا. ISBN:978-0-520-24367-5. OL:25045985M. QID:Q124613025.

Woodstra (2005), vol. 1, p. 1175. Chris Woodstra; Gerald Brennan; Allen Schrott (2005). All Music Guide to Classical Music (بالإنجليزية). ISBN:978-0-87930-865-0. OL:18396876M. QID:Q124440100.

[a] Pucci (2011), vol. 1, p. 198، 201.
[b] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. 260–263.
Margaret Melanie Miles (2011). Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited (ط. 1st). دار نشر جامعة كاليفورنيا. ISBN:978-0-520-24367-5. OL:25045985M. QID:Q124613025. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

Hsia (2004), vol. 1, p. 227. Hsia Chih-tsing (2004). C. T. Hsia on Chinese Literature (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Columbia University Press. ISBN:978-0-231-12990-9. OL:9308361M. QID:Q124427526.

Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. 325. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

Wyke (2011), vol. 1, p. 172–173، 178. Margaret Melanie Miles (2011). Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited (ط. 1st). دار نشر جامعة كاليفورنيا. ISBN:978-0-520-24367-5. OL:25045985M. QID:Q124613025.

Wyke (2011), vol. 1, p. 178–180. Margaret Melanie Miles (2011). Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited (ط. 1st). دار نشر جامعة كاليفورنيا. ISBN:978-0-520-24367-5. OL:25045985M. QID:Q124613025.

Wyke (2011), vol. 1, p. 181–183. Margaret Melanie Miles (2011). Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited (ط. 1st). دار نشر جامعة كاليفورنيا. ISBN:978-0-520-24367-5. OL:25045985M. QID:Q124613025.

Wyke (2011), vol. 1, p. 172–173. Margaret Melanie Miles (2011). Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited (ط. 1st). دار نشر جامعة كاليفورنيا. ISBN:978-0-520-24367-5. OL:25045985M. QID:Q124613025.

Pucci (2011), vol. 1, p. 195. Margaret Melanie Miles (2011). Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited (ط. 1st). دار نشر جامعة كاليفورنيا. ISBN:978-0-520-24367-5. OL:25045985M. QID:Q124613025.

Rowland (2011), vol. 1, p. 141–142. Margaret Melanie Miles (2011). Cleopatra : a sphinx revisited (ط. 1st). دار نشر جامعة كاليفورنيا. ISBN:978-0-520-24367-5. OL:25045985M. QID:Q124613025.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 50-51.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 11-12.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 81-82.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 50-51. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 15–16.
[b] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. xiii ،3 ،279.
[c] Southern (2009), vol. 1, p. 43.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257. Pat Southern (2009). Antony & Cleopatra: The Doomed Love Affair That United Ancient Rome & Egypt (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Amberley Publishing. ISBN:978-1-84868-324-2. OL:23997465M. QID:Q123337295.

Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 1، 23. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 15–16.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 3، 34، 36، 51.
[c] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 23، 37–42.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 15–16، 164–166.
[b] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. xiii.
[c] Dodson (2004), vol. 1, p. 273.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257. Aidan Dodson (2004). The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt (بالإنجليزية). High Holborn: Thames & Hudson. ISBN:978-0-500-05128-3. OCLC:929661263. OL:3697922M. QID:Q97955631.

[a] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 18.
[b] Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. xiii.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 11، 75.
Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

[a] Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 5.
[b] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 56، 73.
Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589. Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442.

[a] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 73.
[b] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 69–70.
Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 5. Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 15، 18، 166. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

Bradford (2001)، ج. 1، ص. 17. Ernle Bradford (2001). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية). London: Penguin Books. ISBN:978-0-14-139014-7. OL:3971945M. QID:Q124359154.

[a] Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 4.
[b] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 165.
Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 4.
[b] Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 165.
[c] Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 11، 69.
Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Roller (2010), vol. 1, p. 18–19. Duane W. Roller (2010). Cleopatra: A Biography (Women in Antiquity) (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:978-0-19-536553-5. OL:24519898M. QID:Q123333340.

[a] Dodson (2004), vol. 1, p. 268–269، 273.
[b] Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 4.
Aidan Dodson (2004). The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt (بالإنجليزية). High Holborn: Thames & Hudson. ISBN:978-0-500-05128-3. OCLC:929661263. OL:3697922M. QID:Q97955631. Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589.

[a] Fletcher (2008), vol. 1, p. 50.
[b] Whitehorne (1994), vol. 1, p. 182.
Joann Fletcher (2008). Cleopatra the Great: The Woman Behind the Legend (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). New York City: Harper. ISBN:978-0-06-058558-7. OL:25011887M. QID:Q123333442. John Whitehorne (1994). Cleopatras (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN:978-0-415-05806-3. OL:1398029M. QID:Q124417101.

web.archive.org

"مسلسل - كليوباترا - 2010 طاقم العمل، فيديو، الإعلان، صور، النقد الفني، مواعيد العرض"، السينما.كوم، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2022-11-17، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2023-10-22

Jean Marie Carey (2018). "This Day in History: January 14". Italianartsociety (بالإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 2023-09-20. Retrieved 2023-11-27.

"Pliny the Elder, The Natural History, BOOK IX. THE NATURAL HISTORY OF FISHES., CHAP. 58.—INSTANCES OF THE USE OF PEARLS". perseus.tufts.edu (بالإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 2023-11-27. Retrieved 2023-12-09.

"Cat. 22 Tetradrachm Portraying Queen Cleopatra VII". publications.artic.edu (بالإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 2022-11-10. Retrieved 2023-12-18.

Ann R. Raia; Judith Lynn Sebesta. "The world of state". The College of New Rochelle (بالإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 2018-03-06. Retrieved 2023-11-16.

"Portrait head". British Museum (بالإنجليزية). 6 Mar 2018. Archived from the original on 2018-03-06. Retrieved 2023-11-18.

"Apame I - Livius". livius.org (بالإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 2023-05-28. Retrieved 2023-11-20.

wikidata.org

Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 76. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. xx. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Hölbl (2000), vol. 1, p. 231. Günther Hölbl (2000). A History of the Ptolemaic Empire (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN:978-0-415-20145-2. OL:22411806M. QID:Q124349832.

Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 25. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 302. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518.

Bringmann (2007), vol. 1, p. 303. Klaus Bringmann (2007). A History of the Roman Republic (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Cambridge: Polity. ISBN:978-0-7456-3371-8. OL:7956698M. QID:Q124427518.

Brambach (1995), vol. 1, p. 312. Brambach Joachim (1995). Kleopatra. Herrscherin und Geliebte (بالألمانية). München: Diederichs Verlag. ISBN:978-3-42-401239-2. QID:Q124417122.

Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 6–7. Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589.

Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 34. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Plant (2004), vol. 1, p. 8–9. Ian Plant (2004). Women Writers of Ancient Greece and Rome (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3622-6. QID:Q121536754.

Anderson (2003), vol. 1, p. 36. Jaynie Anderson (2003). Tiepolo's Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية). London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN:978-1-876832-44-5. OL:3369650M. QID:Q123346784.

Ashton (2008), vol. 1, p. 83. sally-ann ashton (2008). Cleopatra and Egypt (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN:978-1-4051-1390-8. OL:21039557M. QID:Q124434042.

Burstein (2004), vol. 1, p. 23. Stanley M. Burstein (2004). The Reign of Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Santa Barbara: Greenwood. ISBN:978-0-313-32527-4. OL:3294153M. QID:Q123333415.

Crawford (1974)، ج. 1، ص. 102، 539. Michael Crawford (1974), Roman Republican Coinage (بالإنجليزية), Cambridge, QID:Q41454992{{استشهاد}}: صيانة الاستشهاد: مكان بدون ناشر (link)

Kleiner (2005), vol. 1, p. 144. Diana Kleiner (2009). Cleopatra and Rome (بالإنجليزية). Harvard University Press. ISBN:978-0-674-03236-1. OL:28442748M. QID:Q54636950.

Ashton (2008), vol. 1, p. 83–85. sally-ann ashton (2008). Cleopatra and Egypt (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN:978-1-4051-1390-8. OL:21039557M. QID:Q124434042.

Anderson (2003), vol. 1, p. 54–55. Jaynie Anderson (2003). Tiepolo's Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية). London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN:978-1-876832-44-5. OL:3369650M. QID:Q123346784.

Anderson (2003), vol. 1, p. 54. Jaynie Anderson (2003). Tiepolo's Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية). London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN:978-1-876832-44-5. OL:3369650M. QID:Q123346784.

Anderson (2003), vol. 1, p. 60. Jaynie Anderson (2003). Tiepolo's Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية). London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN:978-1-876832-44-5. OL:3369650M. QID:Q123346784.

Anderson (2003), vol. 1, p. 51، 60–62. Jaynie Anderson (2003). Tiepolo's Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية). London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN:978-1-876832-44-5. OL:3369650M. QID:Q123346784.

Jones (2006), vol. 1, p. 325. Prudence J. Jones (2006). Cleopatra: A Sourcebook (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3741-4. OL:3429110M. QID:Q123334257.

Plant (2004), vol. 1, p. 135–144. Ian Plant (2004). Women Writers of Ancient Greece and Rome (بالإنجليزية). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN:978-0-8061-3622-6. QID:Q121536754.

Grant (1972), vol. 1, p. 5. Michael Grant (1972). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية) (1st ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN:978-0-297-99502-9. OL:5448480M. QID:Q124218589.

Schiff (2011), vol. 1, p. 2، 42. Stacy Schiff (2011). Cleopatra: A Life (بالإنجليزية). London: Virgin Books. ISBN:978-0-7535-3956-9. QID:Q117751549.

Bradford (2001)، ج. 1، ص. 17. Ernle Bradford (2001). Cleopatra (بالإنجليزية). London: Penguin Books. ISBN:978-0-14-139014-7. OL:3971945M. QID:Q124359154.

worldcat.org

كليوباترا (Arabic Wikipedia)

archive.org

artic.edu

publications.artic.edu

britishmuseum.org

cnr.edu

www2.cnr.edu

doi.org

elcinema.com

italianartsociety.org

livius.org

openlibrary.org

tufts.edu

perseus.tufts.edu

web.archive.org

wikidata.org

worldcat.org