Ινδικά μαθηματικά (Greek Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Ινδικά μαθηματικά" in Greek language version.

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4doi.org

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2wikipedia.org

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1britannica.com

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1web.archive.org

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1nature.com

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1jainworld.com

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britannica.com

(Bourbaki 1998, σελ. 126): "As for trigonometry, it is disdained by geometers and abandoned to surveyors and astronomers; it is these latter (Aristarchus, Hipparchus Αρχειοθετήθηκε 2007-09-29 στο Wayback Machine., Ptolemy) who establish the fundamental relations between the sides and angles of a right angled triangle (plane or spherical) and draw up the first tables (they consist of tables giving the chord of the arc cut out by an angle $\theta <\pi$ on a circle of radius r, in other words the number $2r\sin \left(\theta /2\right)$ ; the introduction of the sine, more easily handled, is due to Hindu mathematicians of the Middle Ages)."

doi.org

dx.doi.org

Coppa, A. (6 April 2006), «Early Neolithic tradition of dentistry: Flint tips were surprisingly effective for drilling tooth enamel in a prehistoric population», Nature 440 (7085): 755–6, doi:10.1038/440755a, PMID 16598247, http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v440/n7085/pdf/440755a.pdf
Katz, Victor J. (1995), «Ideas of Calculus in Islam and India», Mathematics Magazine 68 (3): 163–174, doi:10.2307/2691411
Singh, A. N. Singh (1936), «On the Use of Series in Hindu Mathematics», Osiris 1: 606–628, doi:10.1086/368443
Rajagopal, C.; Rangachari, M. S. (1986), «On Medieval Kerala Mathematics», Archive for the History of Exact Sciences 35 (2): 91–99, doi:10.1007/BF00357622

google.co.uk

books.google.co.uk

Gupta, R. C. (2000), «History of Mathematics in India», στο: Hoiberg, Dale; Ramchandani, Indu, επιμ., Students' Britannica India: Select essays, Popular Prakashan, σελ. 329, http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-xzljvnQ1vAC&pg=PA329&lpg=PA329&dq=Virasena+logarithm#v=onepage&q=Virasena%20logarithm&f=false

jainworld.com

Singh, A. N., Mathematics of Dhavala, Lucknow University, http://www.jainworld.com/JWHindi/Books/shatkhandagama-4/02.htm, ανακτήθηκε στις 2014-06-08

nature.com

Coppa, A. (6 April 2006), «Early Neolithic tradition of dentistry: Flint tips were surprisingly effective for drilling tooth enamel in a prehistoric population», Nature 440 (7085): 755–6, doi:10.1038/440755a, PMID 16598247, http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v440/n7085/pdf/440755a.pdf

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Coppa, A. (6 April 2006), «Early Neolithic tradition of dentistry: Flint tips were surprisingly effective for drilling tooth enamel in a prehistoric population», Nature 440 (7085): 755–6, doi:10.1038/440755a, PMID 16598247, http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v440/n7085/pdf/440755a.pdf

ubc.ca

math.ubc.ca

Mathematics Department, University of British Columbia, The Babylonian tabled Plimpton 322.

web.archive.org

(Bourbaki 1998, σελ. 126): "As for trigonometry, it is disdained by geometers and abandoned to surveyors and astronomers; it is these latter (Aristarchus, Hipparchus Αρχειοθετήθηκε 2007-09-29 στο Wayback Machine., Ptolemy) who establish the fundamental relations between the sides and angles of a right angled triangle (plane or spherical) and draw up the first tables (they consist of tables giving the chord of the arc cut out by an angle $\theta <\pi$ on a circle of radius r, in other words the number $2r\sin \left(\theta /2\right)$ ; the introduction of the sine, more easily handled, is due to Hindu mathematicians of the Middle Ages)."

wikipedia.org

en.wikipedia.org

Bourbaki 1998, σελ. 49: Modern arithmetic was known during medieval times as "Modus Indorum" or method of the Indians. of Pisa wrote that compared to method of the Indians all other methods is a mistake. This method of the Indians is none other than our very simple arithmetic of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Rules for these four simple procedures was first written down by Brahmagupta during 7th century AD. "On this point, the Hindus are already conscious of the interpretation that negative numbers must have in certain cases (a debt in a commercial problem, for instance). In the following centuries, as there is a diffusion into the West (by intermediary of the Arabs) of the methods and results of Greek and Hindu mathematics, one becomes more used to the handling of these numbers, and one begins to have other "representation" for them which are geometric or dynamic."
"algebra" 2007. Concise Encyclopedia. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 16 May 2007. Quote: "A full-fledged decimal, positional system certainly existed in India by the 9th century (AD), yet many of its central ideas had been transmitted well before that time to China and the Islamic world. Indian arithmetic, moreover, developed consistent and correct rules for operating with positive and negative numbers and for treating zero like any other number, even in problematic contexts such as division. Several hundred years passed before European mathematicians fully integrated such ideas into the developing discipline of algebra."