"Saudi Arabia". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Archived from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 7 June 2011.
doi.org
Bligh, Alexander (1985). "The Saudi religious elite (Ulama) as participant in the political system of the kingdom". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 17: 37–50. doi:10.1017/S0020743800028750. S2CID154565116.
Abir, Mordechai (1987). "The Consolidation of the Ruling Class and the New Elites in Saudi Arabia". Middle Eastern Studies. 23 (2): 150–171. doi:10.1080/00263208708700697. JSTOR4283169.
jstor.org
Abir, Mordechai (1987). "The Consolidation of the Ruling Class and the New Elites in Saudi Arabia". Middle Eastern Studies. 23 (2): 150–171. doi:10.1080/00263208708700697. JSTOR4283169.
Bligh, Alexander (1985). "The Saudi religious elite (Ulama) as participant in the political system of the kingdom". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 17: 37–50. doi:10.1017/S0020743800028750. S2CID154565116.
web.archive.org
"Saudi Arabia". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Archived from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 7 June 2011.