Amygdalin (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Amygdalin" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

25nih.gov

4^th place

20doi.org

2^nd place

6semanticscholar.org

11^th place

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5web.archive.org

1^st place

2cancer.gov

1,684^th place

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2archive.org

6^th place

1europa.eu

68^th place

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1whiterose.ac.uk

4,124^th place

2,320^th place

1ghostarchive.org

32^nd place

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1escholarship.org

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1wikisource.org

27^th place

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1cdc.gov

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1handle.net

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1uni-hamburg.de

3,809^th place

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1zenodo.org

621^st place

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1freepatentsonline.com

5,449^th place

3,875^th place

1cancertreatmentwatch.org

low place

1harvard.edu

18^th place

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1usnews.com

634^th place

432^nd place

1cancerhelp.org.uk

low place

1nytimes.com

7^th place

1highbeam.com

405^th place

256^th place

1medicalnewstoday.com

3,011^th place

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1findlaw.com

1,478^th place

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1fda.gov

447^th place

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archive.org

"Laetrile: the Political Success of a Scientific Failure". Health Quackery. Vernon, New York: Consumers Union. 1980. pp. 16–40. ISBN 978-0-89043-014-9.
McWilliams BS (2005). Spam kings: the real story behind the high-rolling hucksters pushing porn, pills and @*#?% enlargements. Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly. p. 237. ISBN 978-0-596-00732-4. Jason Vale.

cancer.gov

PDQ Integrative, Alternative, and Complementary Therapies Editorial Board (15 March 2017). "Laetrile/Amygdalin (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version: General Information". cancer.gov. Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Health Professionals. National Cancer Institute. PMID 26389425. Retrieved 9 May 2017.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
"Laetrile/Amygdalin". National Cancer Institute. 23 September 2005.

cancerhelp.org.uk

"Laetrile (amygdalin, vitamin B17)". cancerhelp.org.uk. 30 August 2017.

cancertreatmentwatch.org

Kennedy D (1977). "Laetrile: The Commissioner's Decision" (PDF). Federal Register. Docket No. 77-22310.

cdc.gov

atsdr.cdc.gov

"Medical Management Guidelines (MMGs): Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN)". ATSDR. 21 October 2014. Retrieved 8 July 2019.

doi.org

Lerner IJ (1981). "Laetrile: a lesson in cancer quackery". CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 31 (2): 91–95. doi:10.3322/canjclin.31.2.91. PMID 6781723. S2CID 28917628.
Milazzo S, Horneber M (April 2015). "Laetrile treatment for cancer". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2015 (4): CD005476. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005476.pub4. PMC 6513327. PMID 25918920.
Lerner IJ (February 1984). "The whys of cancer quackery". Cancer. 53 (3 Suppl): 815–819. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19840201)53:3+<815::AID-CNCR2820531334>3.0.CO;2-U. PMID 6362828. S2CID 36332694.
Shi J, Chen Q, Xu M, Xia Q, Zheng T, Teng J, et al. (June 2019). "Recent updates and future perspectives about amygdalin as a potential anticancer agent: A review". Cancer Medicine. 8 (6): 3004–3011. doi:10.1002/cam4.2197. PMC 6558459. PMID 31066207.
Mora CA, Halter JG, Adler C, Hund A, Anders H, Yu K, et al. (May 2016). "Application of the Prunus spp. Cyanide Seed Defense System onto Wheat: Reduced Insect Feeding and Field Growth Tests". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 64 (18): 3501–3507. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00438. PMID 27119432.
Bolarinwa IF, Orfila C, Morgan MR (2014). "Amygdalin content of seeds, kernels and food products commercially-available in the UK" (PDF). Food Chemistry. 152: 133–139. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.002. PMID 24444917. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
Sánchez-Pérez R, Jørgensen K, Olsen CE, Dicenta F, Møller BL (March 2008). "Bitterness in almonds". Plant Physiology. 146 (3): 1040–1052. doi:10.1104/pp.107.112979. PMC 2259050. PMID 18192442.
Lee J, Zhang G, Wood E, Rogel Castillo C, Mitchell AE (August 2013). "Quantification of amygdalin in nonbitter, semibitter, and bitter almonds (Prunus dulcis) by UHPLC-(ESI)QqQ MS/MS". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 61 (32): 7754–7759. doi:10.1021/jf402295u. PMID 23862656. S2CID 22497338.
Wahab MF, Breitbach ZS, Armstrong DW, Strattan R, Berthod A (October 2015). "Problems and Pitfalls in the Analysis of Amygdalin and Its Epimer". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 63 (40): 8966–8973. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03120. PMID 26431391.
Rietjens IM, Martena MJ, Boersma MG, Spiegelenberg W, Alink GM (February 2005). "Molecular mechanisms of toxicity of important food-borne phytotoxins". Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. 49 (2): 131–158. doi:10.1002/mnfr.200400078. PMID 15635687.
EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) (2016). "Acute health risks related to the presence of cyanogenic glycosides in raw apricot kernels and products derived from raw apricot kernels". EFSA Journal. 14 (4). doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4424. hdl:2164/7789.
Wöhler F, Liebig J (1837). "Ueber die Bildung des Bittermandelöls". Annalen der Pharmacie. 22 (1): 1–24. doi:10.1002/jlac.18370220102. S2CID 96869201.
Walker JW, Krieble VK (1909). "The hydrolysis of amygdalin by acids. Part I". Journal of the Chemical Society. 95 (11): 1369–77. doi:10.1039/CT9099501369.
"Unproven methods of cancer management. Laetrile". CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 41 (3). American Cancer Society: 187–192. 1991. doi:10.3322/canjclin.41.3.187. PMID 1902140. S2CID 5932239.
Wade N (December 1977). "Laetrile at sloan-kettering: a question of ambiguity". Science. 198 (4323): 1231–1234. Bibcode:1977Sci...198.1231W. doi:10.1126/science.198.4323.1231. PMID 17741690.
Stock CC, Tarnowski GS, Schmid FA, Hutchison DJ, Teller MN (1978). "Antitumor tests of amygdalin in transplantable animal tumor systems". Journal of Surgical Oncology. 10 (2): 81–88. doi:10.1002/jso.2930100202. PMID 642516. S2CID 5896930.
Stock CC, Martin DS, Sugiura K, Fugmann RA, Mountain IM, Stockert E, et al. (1978). "Antitumor tests of amygdalin in spontaneous animal tumor systems". Journal of Surgical Oncology. 10 (2): 89–123. doi:10.1002/jso.2930100203. PMID 347176. S2CID 22185766.
He XY, Wu LJ, Wang WX, Xie PJ, Chen YH, Wang F (May 2020). "Amygdalin - A pharmacological and toxicological review". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 254: 112717. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2020.112717. PMID 32114166.
Herbert V (May 1979). "Laetrile: the cult of cyanide. Promoting poison for profit". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 32 (5): 1121–1158. doi:10.1093/ajcn/32.5.1121. PMID 219680.
Moss RW (March 2005). "Patient perspectives: Tijuana cancer clinics in the post-NAFTA era". Integrative Cancer Therapies. 4 (1): 65–86. doi:10.1177/1534735404273918. PMID 15695477.
Curran WJ (March 1980). "Law-medicine notes. Laetrile for the terminally ill: Supreme Court stops the nonsense". The New England Journal of Medicine. 302 (11): 619–621. doi:10.1056/NEJM198003133021108. PMID 7351911.

escholarship.org

Lee J, Zhang G, Wood E, Rogel Castillo C, Mitchell AE (August 2013). "Quantification of amygdalin in nonbitter, semibitter, and bitter almonds (Prunus dulcis) by UHPLC-(ESI)QqQ MS/MS". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 61 (32): 7754–7759. doi:10.1021/jf402295u. PMID 23862656. S2CID 22497338.

europa.eu

efsa.europa.eu

"Apricot kernels pose risk of cyanide poisoning". European Food Safety Authority. 27 April 2016. A naturally-occurring compound called amygdalin is present in apricot kernels and converts to hydrogen cyanide after eating. Cyanide poisoning can cause nausea, fever, headaches, insomnia, thirst, lethargy, nervousness, joint and muscle various aches and pains, and falling blood pressure. In extreme cases it is fatal

fda.gov

"Lengthy Jail Sentence for Vendor of Laetrile – A Quack Medication to Treat Cancer Patients". FDA. 22 June 2004. Archived from the original on 10 July 2009.

findlaw.com

caselaw.lp.findlaw.com

United States v. Rutherford, 442 U.S. 544 (United States Supreme Court 1979).

freepatentsonline.com

US 2985664, Krebs Jr ET, "Hexuronic acid derivatives", published 23 May 1961, issued 23 May 1961

ghostarchive.org

Bolarinwa IF, Orfila C, Morgan MR (2014). "Amygdalin content of seeds, kernels and food products commercially-available in the UK" (PDF). Food Chemistry. 152: 133–139. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.002. PMID 24444917. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) (2016). "Acute health risks related to the presence of cyanogenic glycosides in raw apricot kernels and products derived from raw apricot kernels". EFSA Journal. 14 (4). doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4424. hdl:2164/7789.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Wade N (December 1977). "Laetrile at sloan-kettering: a question of ambiguity". Science. 198 (4323): 1231–1234. Bibcode:1977Sci...198.1231W. doi:10.1126/science.198.4323.1231. PMID 17741690.

highbeam.com

Whitaker JD (9 October 1988). "Dean Burk, 84, Noted Chemist At National Cancer Institute, Dies". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 5 November 2012. Retrieved 14 January 2007.

medicalnewstoday.com

"New York Man Sentenced to 63 Months for Selling Fake Cancer Cure". Medical News Today. 22 June 2004. Archived from the original on 4 December 2010. Retrieved 8 July 2010.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Lerner IJ (1981). "Laetrile: a lesson in cancer quackery". CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 31 (2): 91–95. doi:10.3322/canjclin.31.2.91. PMID 6781723. S2CID 28917628.
Milazzo S, Horneber M (April 2015). "Laetrile treatment for cancer". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2015 (4): CD005476. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005476.pub4. PMC 6513327. PMID 25918920.
Lerner IJ (February 1984). "The whys of cancer quackery". Cancer. 53 (3 Suppl): 815–819. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19840201)53:3+<815::AID-CNCR2820531334>3.0.CO;2-U. PMID 6362828. S2CID 36332694.
Nightingale SL (1984). "Laetrile: the regulatory challenge of an unproven remedy". Public Health Reports. 99 (4): 333–338. PMC 1424606. PMID 6431478.
Shi J, Chen Q, Xu M, Xia Q, Zheng T, Teng J, et al. (June 2019). "Recent updates and future perspectives about amygdalin as a potential anticancer agent: A review". Cancer Medicine. 8 (6): 3004–3011. doi:10.1002/cam4.2197. PMC 6558459. PMID 31066207.
Mora CA, Halter JG, Adler C, Hund A, Anders H, Yu K, et al. (May 2016). "Application of the Prunus spp. Cyanide Seed Defense System onto Wheat: Reduced Insect Feeding and Field Growth Tests". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 64 (18): 3501–3507. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00438. PMID 27119432.
Bolarinwa IF, Orfila C, Morgan MR (2014). "Amygdalin content of seeds, kernels and food products commercially-available in the UK" (PDF). Food Chemistry. 152: 133–139. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.002. PMID 24444917. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
Sánchez-Pérez R, Jørgensen K, Olsen CE, Dicenta F, Møller BL (March 2008). "Bitterness in almonds". Plant Physiology. 146 (3): 1040–1052. doi:10.1104/pp.107.112979. PMC 2259050. PMID 18192442.
Lee J, Zhang G, Wood E, Rogel Castillo C, Mitchell AE (August 2013). "Quantification of amygdalin in nonbitter, semibitter, and bitter almonds (Prunus dulcis) by UHPLC-(ESI)QqQ MS/MS". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 61 (32): 7754–7759. doi:10.1021/jf402295u. PMID 23862656. S2CID 22497338.
Wahab MF, Breitbach ZS, Armstrong DW, Strattan R, Berthod A (October 2015). "Problems and Pitfalls in the Analysis of Amygdalin and Its Epimer". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 63 (40): 8966–8973. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03120. PMID 26431391.
PDQ Integrative, Alternative, and Complementary Therapies Editorial Board (15 March 2017). "Laetrile/Amygdalin (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version: General Information". cancer.gov. Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Health Professionals. National Cancer Institute. PMID 26389425. Retrieved 9 May 2017.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Rietjens IM, Martena MJ, Boersma MG, Spiegelenberg W, Alink GM (February 2005). "Molecular mechanisms of toxicity of important food-borne phytotoxins". Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. 49 (2): 131–158. doi:10.1002/mnfr.200400078. PMID 15635687.
Greenberg DM (April 1975). "The vitamin fraud in cancer quackery". The Western Journal of Medicine. 122 (4): 345–348. PMC 1129741. PMID 1154776.
"Unproven methods of cancer management. Laetrile". CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 41 (3). American Cancer Society: 187–192. 1991. doi:10.3322/canjclin.41.3.187. PMID 1902140. S2CID 5932239.
Wade N (December 1977). "Laetrile at sloan-kettering: a question of ambiguity". Science. 198 (4323): 1231–1234. Bibcode:1977Sci...198.1231W. doi:10.1126/science.198.4323.1231. PMID 17741690.
Stock CC, Tarnowski GS, Schmid FA, Hutchison DJ, Teller MN (1978). "Antitumor tests of amygdalin in transplantable animal tumor systems". Journal of Surgical Oncology. 10 (2): 81–88. doi:10.1002/jso.2930100202. PMID 642516. S2CID 5896930.
Stock CC, Martin DS, Sugiura K, Fugmann RA, Mountain IM, Stockert E, et al. (1978). "Antitumor tests of amygdalin in spontaneous animal tumor systems". Journal of Surgical Oncology. 10 (2): 89–123. doi:10.1002/jso.2930100203. PMID 347176. S2CID 22185766.
He XY, Wu LJ, Wang WX, Xie PJ, Chen YH, Wang F (May 2020). "Amygdalin - A pharmacological and toxicological review". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 254: 112717. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2020.112717. PMID 32114166.
Herbert V (May 1979). "Laetrile: the cult of cyanide. Promoting poison for profit". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 32 (5): 1121–1158. doi:10.1093/ajcn/32.5.1121. PMID 219680.
Moss RW (March 2005). "Patient perspectives: Tijuana cancer clinics in the post-NAFTA era". Integrative Cancer Therapies. 4 (1): 65–86. doi:10.1177/1534735404273918. PMID 15695477.
Curran WJ (March 1980). "Law-medicine notes. Laetrile for the terminally ill: Supreme Court stops the nonsense". The New England Journal of Medicine. 302 (11): 619–621. doi:10.1056/NEJM198003133021108. PMID 7351911.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Milazzo S, Horneber M (April 2015). "Laetrile treatment for cancer". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2015 (4): CD005476. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005476.pub4. PMC 6513327. PMID 25918920.
Nightingale SL (1984). "Laetrile: the regulatory challenge of an unproven remedy". Public Health Reports. 99 (4): 333–338. PMC 1424606. PMID 6431478.
Shi J, Chen Q, Xu M, Xia Q, Zheng T, Teng J, et al. (June 2019). "Recent updates and future perspectives about amygdalin as a potential anticancer agent: A review". Cancer Medicine. 8 (6): 3004–3011. doi:10.1002/cam4.2197. PMC 6558459. PMID 31066207.
Sánchez-Pérez R, Jørgensen K, Olsen CE, Dicenta F, Møller BL (March 2008). "Bitterness in almonds". Plant Physiology. 146 (3): 1040–1052. doi:10.1104/pp.107.112979. PMC 2259050. PMID 18192442.
Greenberg DM (April 1975). "The vitamin fraud in cancer quackery". The Western Journal of Medicine. 122 (4): 345–348. PMC 1129741. PMID 1154776.

nytimes.com

Lerner BH (15 November 2005). "McQueen's Legacy of Laetrile". The New York Times. Retrieved 23 April 2010.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Lerner IJ (1981). "Laetrile: a lesson in cancer quackery". CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 31 (2): 91–95. doi:10.3322/canjclin.31.2.91. PMID 6781723. S2CID 28917628.
Lerner IJ (February 1984). "The whys of cancer quackery". Cancer. 53 (3 Suppl): 815–819. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19840201)53:3+<815::AID-CNCR2820531334>3.0.CO;2-U. PMID 6362828. S2CID 36332694.
Lee J, Zhang G, Wood E, Rogel Castillo C, Mitchell AE (August 2013). "Quantification of amygdalin in nonbitter, semibitter, and bitter almonds (Prunus dulcis) by UHPLC-(ESI)QqQ MS/MS". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 61 (32): 7754–7759. doi:10.1021/jf402295u. PMID 23862656. S2CID 22497338.
Wöhler F, Liebig J (1837). "Ueber die Bildung des Bittermandelöls". Annalen der Pharmacie. 22 (1): 1–24. doi:10.1002/jlac.18370220102. S2CID 96869201.
"Unproven methods of cancer management. Laetrile". CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 41 (3). American Cancer Society: 187–192. 1991. doi:10.3322/canjclin.41.3.187. PMID 1902140. S2CID 5932239.
Stock CC, Tarnowski GS, Schmid FA, Hutchison DJ, Teller MN (1978). "Antitumor tests of amygdalin in transplantable animal tumor systems". Journal of Surgical Oncology. 10 (2): 81–88. doi:10.1002/jso.2930100202. PMID 642516. S2CID 5896930.
Stock CC, Martin DS, Sugiura K, Fugmann RA, Mountain IM, Stockert E, et al. (1978). "Antitumor tests of amygdalin in spontaneous animal tumor systems". Journal of Surgical Oncology. 10 (2): 89–123. doi:10.1002/jso.2930100203. PMID 347176. S2CID 22185766.

uni-hamburg.de

biologie.uni-hamburg.de

von Sengbusch P (18 August 2002). "A chronology of significant historical developments in the biological sciences". Botany Online Internet Hypertextbook. University of Hamburg, Department of Biology. Archived from the original on 20 August 2007. Retrieved 6 August 2007.

usnews.com

Budiansky S (9 July 1995). "Cures or Quackery: How Senator Harkin shaped federal research on alternative medicine". U.S. News & World Report. Archived from the original on 3 September 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2009.

web.archive.org

von Sengbusch P (18 August 2002). "A chronology of significant historical developments in the biological sciences". Botany Online Internet Hypertextbook. University of Hamburg, Department of Biology. Archived from the original on 20 August 2007. Retrieved 6 August 2007.
Budiansky S (9 July 1995). "Cures or Quackery: How Senator Harkin shaped federal research on alternative medicine". U.S. News & World Report. Archived from the original on 3 September 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2009.
Whitaker JD (9 October 1988). "Dean Burk, 84, Noted Chemist At National Cancer Institute, Dies". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 5 November 2012. Retrieved 14 January 2007.
"New York Man Sentenced to 63 Months for Selling Fake Cancer Cure". Medical News Today. 22 June 2004. Archived from the original on 4 December 2010. Retrieved 8 July 2010.
"Lengthy Jail Sentence for Vendor of Laetrile – A Quack Medication to Treat Cancer Patients". FDA. 22 June 2004. Archived from the original on 10 July 2009.

whiterose.ac.uk

eprints.whiterose.ac.uk

Bolarinwa IF, Orfila C, Morgan MR (2014). "Amygdalin content of seeds, kernels and food products commercially-available in the UK" (PDF). Food Chemistry. 152: 133–139. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.002. PMID 24444917. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.

wikisource.org

en.wikisource.org

Chisholm H, ed. (1911). "Amygdalin" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 900.

zenodo.org

Wöhler F, Liebig J (1837). "Ueber die Bildung des Bittermandelöls". Annalen der Pharmacie. 22 (1): 1–24. doi:10.1002/jlac.18370220102. S2CID 96869201.