Bulgaria (English Wikipedia)
Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Bulgaria" in English language version.
refsWebsite
Global rank
English rank
1st place
1st place
3rd place
3rd place
4,886th place
3,808th place
40th place
58th place
32nd place
21st place
49th place
47th place
6th place
6th place
7th place
7th place
231st place
332nd place
low place
low place
5th place
5th place
9,016th place
low place
121st place
142nd place
18th place
17th place
11th place
8th place
36th place
33rd place
99th place
77th place
low place
low place
12th place
11th place
104th place
199th place
102nd place
76th place
27th place
51st place
5,459th place
low place
30th place
24th place
low place
low place
1,554th place
1,109th place
low place
low place
6,512th place
4,000th place
391st place
1,482nd place
low place
low place
low place
low place
7,778th place
low place
7,167th place
6,885th place
4,528th place
4,510th place
low place
low place
low place
low place
low place
low place
low place
low place
low place
low place
low place
low place
712th place
526th place
268th place
215th place
34th place
27th place
2,699th place
1,837th place
2,046th place
1,783rd place
9,629th place
low place
low place
low place
5,023rd place
4,951st place
6,603rd place
3,651st place
4,143rd place
6,559th place
928th place
651st place
low place
low place
2,677th place
1,908th place
low place
low place
1,181st place
736th place
1,953rd place
1,522nd place
low place
low place
6,201st place
5,692nd place
low place
low place
140th place
115th place
3,209th place
3,170th place
4,657th place
9,646th place
low place
low place
low place
low place
152nd place
120th place
low place
low place
1,195th place
925th place
7,640th place
6,190th place
low place
low place
8,653rd place
low place
6,194th place
5,551st place
low place
low place
low place
low place
2,263rd place
1,687th place
1,771st place
1,426th place
1,791st place
1,568th place
1,645th place
1,289th place
low place
low place
8,925th place
6,700th place
105th place
79th place
364th place
250th place
low place
low place
low place
6,383rd place
low place
low place
808th place
889th place
550th place
453rd place
913th place
820th place
669th place
670th place
low place
low place
24chasa.bg
- 10 млрд. лв. годишно се харчат с обществени поръчки [10 bln. leva are spent on public procurement every year]. 24 Chasa (in Bulgarian). 21 February 2016. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
aad.gov.au
data.aad.gov.au
- St. Kliment Ohridski Base. Archived 19 March 2014 at the Wayback Machine SCAR Composite Antarctic Gazetteer
academia.edu
- Golden 1992, pp. 103–104. Golden, Peter Benjamin (1992). An Introduction to the History of the Turkic Peoples: Ethnogenesis and State Formation in Medieval and Early Modern Eurasia and the Middle East. Otto Harrassowitz. ISBN 978-3-447-03274-2.
- Golden 1992, p. 104. Golden, Peter Benjamin (1992). An Introduction to the History of the Turkic Peoples: Ethnogenesis and State Formation in Medieval and Early Modern Eurasia and the Middle East. Otto Harrassowitz. ISBN 978-3-447-03274-2.
- Roberts, Benjamin W.; Thornton, Christopher P. (2009). "Development of metallurgy in Eurasia". Antiquity. 83 (322). Department of Prehistory and Europe, British Museum: 1015. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00099312. S2CID 163062746. Archived from the original on 15 January 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
In contrast, the earliest exploitation and working of gold occurs in the Balkans during the mid-fifth millennium BC, several centuries after the earliest known copper smelting. This is demonstrated most spectacularly in the various objects adorning the burials at Varna, Bulgaria (Renfrew 1986; Highamet al. 2007). In contrast, the earliest gold objects found in Southwest Asia date only to the beginning of the fourth millennium BC as at Nahal Qanah in Israel (Golden 2009), suggesting that gold exploitation may have been a Southeast European invention, albeit a short-lived one.
aljazeera.com
- Petkova, Mariya (21 February 2013). "Protests in Bulgaria and the new practice of democracy". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 22 June 2013. Retrieved 7 March 2013.
amazon.com
- Grabar, André (1928). La Peinture Religieuse en Bulgarie [Religious Visual Arts in Bulgaria]. P. Geuthner. p. 95. ASIN B005ZI4OV8
archive.org
- Browning, Robert (1975). Byzantium and Bulgaria. Temple Smith. pp. 194–195. ISBN 978-0-520-02670-4.
- Cameron, Averil (2006). The Byzantines. Blackwell Publishing. p. 170. ISBN 978-1-4051-9833-2.
- Ostrogorsky, Georgije (1969). History of the Byzantine State. Rutgers University Press. p. 311. ISBN 978-0-8135-1198-6.
- Valentino, Benjamin A. (2005). Final Solutions: Mass Killing and Genocide in the Twentieth Century. Cornell University Press. pp. 91–151. ISBN 978-0-8014-3965-0.
- Lang, David Marshall (1976). The Bulgarians: From Pagan Times to the Ottoman Conquest. Westview Press. p. 145. ISBN 978-0-89158-530-5.
John Kukuzel, the eminent Bulgarian/born reformer of Byzantine music.
atpworldtour.com
- Buddell, James (7 July 2014). "Dimitrov Breaks Into Top 10 of Emirates ATP Rankings". ATP World Tour. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
aviationweek.com
- "S-300 Surface-to-air Missile System" (PDF). Aerospace Daily & Defense Report. 6 August 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
balkaninsight.com
- Todorov, Svetoslav (10 July 2020). "Fresh Protest Wave Gains Momentum in Bulgaria." Archived 16 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine BalkanInsight.com. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
bbc.co.uk
news.bbc.co.uk
- "Timeline: Bulgaria – A chronology of key events". BBC News. 6 May 2010. Archived from the original on 7 March 2015. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
bbc.com
- "Bulgaria profile – Media". BBC News. 13 July 2015. Retrieved 2 May 2014.
bgolympic.org
- "Athens 1896". Bulgarian Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
biodiversity.bg
flora.biodiversity.bg
- "Характеристика на флората и растителността на България". Bulgarian-Swiss Program For Biodiversity. Archived from the original on 27 April 2013. Retrieved 21 March 2013.
bloomberg.com
- Konstantinova, Elizabeth (17 February 2011). "Bulgaria Sets Up Anti-Corruption Unit; Security Chief Steps Down". Bloomberg.com. Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 28 July 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "The 2015 Bloomberg Innovation Index". Bloomberg.com. Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 25 December 2019. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
- Miller, Lee J (19 September 2018). "These Are the Economies With the Most (and Least) Efficient Health Care". Bloomberg.com. Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 24 April 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2018.
bnb.bg
- Курсове на българския лев към еврото и към валутите на държавите, приели еврото [Exchange rates of the lev to the euro and Eurozone currencies replaced by the euro] (in Bulgarian). Bulgarian National Bank. Archived from the original on 5 June 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2018.
bnr.bg
- "On March 3 Bulgaria celebrates National Liberation Day". Radio Bulgaria. 3 March 2017. Archived from the original on 21 October 2021. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
- "Transparency International report: Bulgaria perceived as EU's most corrupt country". Bulgarian National Radio. 1 December 2012. Archived from the original on 1 November 2012. Retrieved 23 May 2012.
- Harizanova, Tanya (17 June 2010). "Inter-company debt – one of Bulgarian economy's serious problems". Bulgarian National Radio. Archived from the original on 1 November 2012. Retrieved 10 July 2012.
- Ivanova, Miglena (31 May 2017). "Bulgarian rose oil keeps its top place on world market". Bulgarian National Radio. Archived from the original on 16 April 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- Markov, Alexander (3 October 2011). "100 Tourist Sites of Bulgaria". Bulgarian National Radio. Archived from the original on 15 December 2019. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
- "Demographic crisis in Bulgaria deepening". Bulgarian National Radio. 12 March 2012. Archived from the original on 5 November 2013. Retrieved 8 April 2013.
- Tzvetkova, Elena (25 October 2011). "The 2011/2012 season of the National Opera and Ballet House". Bulgarian National Radio. Archived from the original on 23 June 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
bnt.bg
- "The Bulgarian Tradition of Martenitsa". Bulgarian National Television. 1 March 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
books.google.com
- Bowersock, Glen W. (1999). Late Antiquity: a Guide to the Postclassical World. Harvard University Press. p. 354. ISBN 978-0-674-51173-6. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Chen 2012, p. 97. Chen, Sanping (2012). Multicultural China in the Early Middle Ages. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-4370-3.
- Petersen, Leif Inge Ree (2013). Siege Warfare and Military Organization in the Successor States (400–800 AD): Byzantium, the West and Islam. Brill. p. 369. ISBN 978-9004254466. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Chen 2012, pp. 92–95, 97. Chen, Sanping (2012). Multicultural China in the Early Middle Ages. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-4370-3.
- Gimbutas, Marija A. (1974). The Gods and Goddesses of Old Europe: 7000 to 3500 BC Myths, Legends and Cult Images. University of California Press. pp. 29–32. ISBN 978-0-520-01995-9. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- de Laet, Sigfried J. (1996). History of Humanity: From the Third Millennium to the Seventh Century BC. UNESCO / Routledge. p. 99. ISBN 978-92-3-102811-3. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
The first major gold-working centre was situated at the mouth of the Danube, on the shores of the Black Sea in Bulgaria
- Grande, Lance (2009). Gems and Gemstones: Timeless Natural Beauty of the Mineral World. University of Chicago Press. p. 292. ISBN 978-0-226-30511-0. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
The oldest known gold jewelry in the world is from an archaeological site in Varna Necropolis, Bulgaria, and is over 6,000 years old (radiocarbon dated between 4,600 BC and 4,200 BC).
- Anthony, David W.; Chi, Jennifer, eds. (2010). The Lost World of Old Europe: The Danube Valley, 5000–3500 BC. Institute for the Study of the Ancient World. pp. 39, 201. ISBN 978-0-691-14388-0. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
grave 43 at the Varna cemetery, the richest single grave from Old Europe, dated about 4600–4500 BC.
- Schoenberger, Erica (2015). Nature, Choice and Social Power. Routledge. p. 81. ISBN 978-0-415-83386-8. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
The graves at Varna range from poor to richly endowed, suggesting a rather high degree of social differentiation. Their discovery has led to a re-evaluation of the form of social organization characteristic of the Varna culture and of the onset of social stratification in Neolithic cultures.
- Crampton 1987, p. 1. Crampton, R. J. (1987). A Short History of Modern Bulgaria. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-25340-6.
- Boardman, John; Edwards, I.E.S.; Sollberger, E. (1982). The Cambridge Ancient History – part 1: The Prehistory of the Balkans, the Middle East and the Aegean World, Tenth to Eighth Centuries BC. Vol. 3. Cambridge University Press. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-521-22496-3. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
Yet we cannot identify the Thracians at that remote period, because we do not know for certain whether the Thracian and Illyrian tribes had separated by then. It is safer to speak of Proto-Thracians from whom there developed in the Iron Age
- Kidner, Frank (2013). Making Europe: The Story of the West. Cengage Learning. p. 57. ISBN 978-1-111-84131-7. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Roisman 2011, pp. 135–138, 343–345. Roisman, Joseph; Worthington, Ian (2011). A Companion to Ancient Macedonia. John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 978-1-4443-5163-7.
- Ashley, James R. (1998). The Macedonian Empire: The Era of Warfare Under Philip II and Alexander the Great, 359–323 B.C. McFarland & Company, Inc. pp. 139–140. ISBN 978-0-7864-1918-0. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- O Hogain, Daithi (2002). The Celts: A History. The Boydell Press. pp. 69–71. ISBN 978-0-85115-923-2. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Gagarin, Michael, ed. (2010). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press. p. 55. ISBN 978-0-19-517072-6. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Singleton, Fred; Fred, Singleton (1985). A Short History of the Yugoslav Peoples. Cambridge University Press. pp. 13–14. ISBN 978-0-521-27485-2. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Fouracre, Paul; McKitterick, Rosamond; Reuter, Timothy; Abulafia, David; Luscombe, David Edward; Allmand, C.T.; Riley-Smith, Jonathan; Jones, Michael (1995). The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume 1, c. 500 – c. 700. Cambridge University Press. p. 524. ISBN 978-0-521-36291-7. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- MacDermott 1998, p. 19. MacDermott, Mercia (1998). Bulgarian Folk Customs. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. pp. 19, 64–70, 226. ISBN 978-1-85302-486-3.
- Wolfram, Herwig (1990). History of the Goths. University of California Press. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-520-06983-1. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Fine, John Van Antwerp (1991). The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. University of Michigan Press. pp. 68–70. ISBN 978-0-472-08149-3. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
- Vlasto, Alexis P. (1970). The Entry of the Slavs Into Christendom: An Introduction to the Medieval History of the Slavs. Cambridge University Press. p. 157. ISBN 978-0-521-07459-9. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Crampton 1987, p. 4. Crampton, R. J. (1987). A Short History of Modern Bulgaria. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-25340-6.
- Crampton 1987, p. 6. Crampton, R. J. (1987). A Short History of Modern Bulgaria. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-25340-6.
- Martin, Michael (2017). City of the Sun: Development and Popular Resistance in the Pre-Modern West. Algora Publishing. p. 344. ISBN 978-1-62894-279-8. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Jireček, K.J. (1876). Geschichte der Bulgaren [History of the Bulgarians] (in German). Nachdr. d. Ausg. Prag. p. 88. ISBN 978-3-487-06408-6. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Minkov, Anton (2004). Conversion to Islam in the Balkans: Kisve Bahası – Petitions and Ottoman Social Life, 1670–1730. Brill. p. 193. ISBN 978-9004135765. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Detrez, Raymond (2008). Europe and the Historical Legacies in the Balkans. Peter Lang Publishers. p. 36. ISBN 978-9052013749. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Fishman, Joshua A. (2010). Handbook of Language and Ethnic Identity: Disciplinary and Regional Perspectives. Oxford University Press. p. 276. ISBN 978-0-19-537492-6. Retrieved 30 September 2018.
There were almost no remnants of a Bulgarian ethnic identity; the population defined itself as Christians, according to the Ottoman system of millets, that is, communities of religious beliefs. The first attempts to define a Bulgarian ethnicity started at the beginning of the 19th century.
- Roudometof, Victor; Robertson, Roland (2001). Nationalism, Globalization, and Orthodoxy: The Social Origins of Ethnic Conflict in the Balkans. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 68–71. ISBN 978-0-313-31949-5. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Crampton 1987, p. 8. Crampton, R. J. (1987). A Short History of Modern Bulgaria. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-25340-6.
- Carvalho, Joaquim (2007). Religion and Power in Europe: Conflict and Convergence. Edizioni Plus. p. 261. ISBN 978-8884924643. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Blamires, Cyprian (2006). World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 107. ISBN 978-1-57607-940-9.
The "Greater Bulgaria" re-established in March 1878 on the lines of the medieval Bulgarian empire after liberation from Turkish rule did not last long.
[permanent dead link] - Pinon, Rene (1913). L'Europe et la Jeune Turquie: Les Aspects Nouveaux de la Question d'Orient [Europe and Young Turkey: The new aspects of the Eastern Question] (in French). Perrin et cie. p. 411. ISBN 978-1-144-41381-9. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
On a dit souvent de la Bulgarie qu'elle est la Prusse des Balkans
- Tucker, Spencer C; Wood, Laura (1996). The European Powers in the First World War: An Encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis. p. 173. ISBN 978-0-8153-0399-2. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Chenoweth, Erica (2010). Rethinking Violence: States and Non-State Actors in Conflict. Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-262-01420-5. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Pavlowitch, Stevan K. (2008). Hitler's New Disorder: The Second World War in Yugoslavia. Columbia University Press. pp. 238–240. ISBN 978-0-19-932663-1. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
When Bulgaria switched sides in September
- Stankova, Marietta (2015). Bulgaria in British Foreign Policy, 1943–1949. Anthem Press. p. 99. ISBN 978-1-78308-430-2. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Neuburger, Mary C. (2013). Balkan Smoke: Tobacco and the Making of Modern Bulgaria. Cornell University Press. p. 162. ISBN 978-0-8014-5084-6. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Crampton 2005, p. 271. Crampton, R. J. (2005). A Concise History of Bulgaria. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-61637-9.
- Center for the Study of Democracy (2007). Anti-corruption Reforms in Bulgaria: Key Results and Risks. Center for the Study of Democracy. p. 44. ISBN 9789544771461. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Burgess, Colin; Vis, Bert (2016). Interkosmos: The Eastern Bloc's Early Space Program. Springer. pp. 247–250. ISBN 978-3-319-24161-6. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Harland, David M.; Ulivi, Paolo (2009). Robotic Exploration of the Solar System: Part 2: Hiatus and Renewal, 1983–1996. Springer. p. 155. ISBN 978-0-387-78904-0. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Dimitrova, Milena (2008). Златните десятилетия на българската електроника [The Golden Decades of Bulgarian Electronics]. Trud. pp. 257–258. ISBN 9789545288456. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Badescu, Viorel; Zacny, Kris (2015). Inner Solar System: Prospective Energy and Material Resources. Springer. p. 276. ISBN 978-3-319-19568-1. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Roth, Klaus; Lauth Bacas, Jutta (2004). Migration In, From, and to Southeastern Europe. The British Library. p. 188. ISBN 978-3-643-10896-8. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Kiminas, D. (2009). The Ecumenical Patriarchate. Wildside Press LLC. p. 15. ISBN 978-1-4344-5876-6. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- Carvalho, Joaquim (2007). Religion and power in Europe: conflict and convergence. Pisa University Press. p. 258. ISBN 978-88-8492-464-3. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- MacDermott 1998, pp. 64–70. MacDermott, Mercia (1998). Bulgarian Folk Customs. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. pp. 19, 64–70, 226. ISBN 978-1-85302-486-3.
- Creed, Gerald W. (2011). Masquerade and Postsocialism: Ritual and Cultural Dispossession in Bulgaria. Indiana University Press. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-253-22261-9. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- MacDermott 1998, p. 226. MacDermott, Mercia (1998). Bulgarian Folk Customs. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. pp. 19, 64–70, 226. ISBN 978-1-85302-486-3.
- Giatzidis, Emil (2002). An Introduction to post-Communist Bulgaria: Political, Economic and Social Transformation. Manchester University Press. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-7190-6094-6.
Thus, with its early emphasis on Christian Orthodox scholarship, Bulgaria became the first major centre of Slavic culture
- Riha, Thomas (1964). Readings in Russian Civilization. University of Chicago Press. p. 214. ISBN 978-0-7190-6094-6.
And it was mainly from Bulgaria that a rich supply of literary monuments was transferred to Kiev and other centres.
- McNeill, William Hardy (1963). The Rise of the West. University of Chicago Press. p. 49. ISBN 978-1-112-69531-5.
Accordingly, when Bulgaria was converted to Christianity (after 865), bringing massive Slavic-speaking populations within the pale of Christendom, a new literary language, Old Church Slavonic, directly based upon Bulgarian speech, developed for their use.
- Curta, Florin (2006). Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250. Cambridge University Press. p. 221. ISBN 978-0-521-81539-0.
- Kremenliev, Boris A. (1952). Bulgarian-Macedonian Folk Music. University of California Press. p. 52.
Bulgaria's scales are numerous, and it may be demonstrated that they are a fusion of Eastern and Western influences. ... first, Oriental scales; second, church modes: the osmoglasie ... third, the conventional scales of Western Europe. ... Among the scales which have come to the Balkans from Asia, the pentatonic is one of the most widely used in Bulgaria. Whether it came from China or Japan, as Dobri Hristov suggests
[permanent dead link] - Albala, Ken (2011). Food Cultures of the World Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 61, 62. ISBN 978-0-313-37626-9.
britannica.com
- "Bulgar". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Allcock, John B. "Balkans". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 17 May 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2018.
- "Ulfilas". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 18 August 2018. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- Bell, John D. "The Beginnings of Modern Bulgaria". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 17 September 2018. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
- "Krum". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Bell, John D. "The Spread of Christianity". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 24 July 2015. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Bell, John D. "Reign of Simeon I". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 24 July 2015. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
Bulgaria's conversion had a political dimension, for it contributed both to the growth of central authority and to the merging of Bulgars and Slavs into a unified Bulgarian people.
- "Samuel". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 29 January 2008. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
- Bell, John D. "Bulgaria – Second Bulgarian Empire". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
- Bell, John D. "Bulgaria – Ottoman rule". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 21 December 2011.
The Bulgarian nobility was destroyed—its members either perished, fled, or accepted Islam and Turkicization—and the peasantry was enserfed to Turkish masters.
- Bell, John D. "Bulgaria – Ottoman administration". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
- "Shipka Pass". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 10 May 2022. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- Bell, John D. "Bulgaria: Plant and animal life". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 28 August 2023. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Bell, John D. "Bulgaria – Late Communist rule". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
Bulgaria gave the highest priority to scientific and technological advancement and the development of trade skills appropriate to an industrial state. In 1948 approximately 80 percent of the population drew their living from the soil, but by 1988 less than one-fifth of the labour force was engaged in agriculture, with the rest concentrated in industry and the service sector.
- Bell, John D. "Bulgaria – Manufacturing". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 10 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Bell, John D. "Bulgaria – Agriculture". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 10 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Bell, John D. "Bulgaria – Tourism". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 10 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Bulgarian Orthodox Church". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 8 October 2014. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Bell, John D. "Bulgaria – The arts". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
The early impetus of Bulgarian traditions in the arts was cut short by the Ottoman occupation in the 14th century, and many early masterpieces were destroyed. ... the foundations were laid for later artists such as Vladimir Dimitrov, an extremely gifted painter specializing in the rural scenes of his native country ... At the beginning of the 21st century, the best-known contemporary Bulgarian artist was Christo, an environmental sculptor known for wrapping famous structures
- Brisby, Liliana. "Bulgarian Literature". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- Bell, John D. "Bulgaria – Sport and recreation". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
In international sports competition, Bulgarians have excelled in tennis, wrestling, boxing, and gymnastics, but the country's greatest repute may be in weight-lifting. ... Fans of football (soccer), the most popular sport in Bulgaria, were buoyed by the success of the national team in the 1994 World Cup, when it advanced to the semi-final match under the leadership of forward Hristo Stoichkov. The premier league in Bulgaria has 16 teams, of which four play in Sofia: CSKA, Levski, Slavia, and Lokomotiv.
bta.bg
- "Bulgaria Absolutely Ready to Take Over EU Presidency, Minister Says". Bulgarian Telegraph Agency. 2 August 2017. Archived from the original on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
- "Experts: Bumper Year for Wheat Producers in Dobrich Region". Bulgarian Telegraph Agency. 4 August 2017. Archived from the original on 21 January 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- "Bulgaria's ICT Sector Turnover Trebled over Last Seven Years – Deputy Economy Minister". Bulgarian Telegraph Agency. 12 March 2018. Archived from the original on 17 November 2019. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
businessinsider.com
uk.businessinsider.com
- "These are the 29 countries with the world's lowest levels of tax". Business Insider. 15 March 2016. Archived from the original on 8 January 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
businessweek.com
- "Bulgarian Cabinet Faces No-Confidence Vote Over Atomic Plant". Bloomberg Businessweek. 6 April 2012. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 1 June 2012.
capital.bg
- Denizova, Vera (23 October 2017). Бюджет 2018: Повече за заплати, здраве и пенсии [2018 Budget: More for salaries, health and pensions] (in Bulgarian). Kapital Daily. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- Stanchev, Ivaylo (29 December 2017). Рекорд при обществените поръчки: открити са търгове за почти 14 млрд. лв. [A record in public procurement: tenders worth nearly 14 billion lv unveiled] (in Bulgarian). Kapital Daily. Archived from the original on 10 May 2022. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- Zapryanov, Yoan (22 June 2018). Малката изчислителна армия на България [Bulgaria's small computing army] (in Bulgarian). Kapital Daily. Archived from the original on 17 November 2019. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
- Dimitrov, Deyan (3 December 2019). "PISA 2018: Българските ученици покоряват ново дъно" [PISA 2018: Bulgarian pupils reach new lows]. Kapital Daily. Archived from the original on 4 December 2019. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
ccre.org
- "Local Structures in Bulgaria". Council of European Municipalities and Regions. Archived from the original on 4 June 2012. Retrieved 11 April 2012.
ceeol.com
- Mintchev, Veselin (October 1999). "External Migration in Bulgaria". South-East Europe Review (3/99): 124. Archived from the original on 17 January 2013. Retrieved 6 August 2018.
centcom.mil
- "Bulgaria Factbook". United States Central Command. December 2011. Archived from the original on 18 October 2011. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
cepr.org
- Broadberry, Stephen; Klein, Alexander (8 February 2008). "Aggregate and Per Capita GDP in Europe, 1870–2000: Continental, Regional and National Data with Changing Boundaries" (PDF). Centre for Economic Policy Research. p. 18. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 June 2012. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
- Stephen Broadberry; Alexander Klein (27 October 2011). "Aggregate and per capita GDP in Europe, 1870–2000" (PDF). pp. 23, 27. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 May 2013. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
chicagonow.com
- "Wines of Bulgaria". ChicagoNow. Archived from the original on 12 May 2017. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
cia.gov
- "Field listing: Area". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 31 January 2014. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
- "Bulgaria". The World Factbook (2024 ed.). Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 4 December 2011. (Archived 2011 edition.)
- "Field listing: Budget". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- "Field listing: Taxes and other revenue". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 16 July 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- "Field listing: Labor force". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 7 March 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
- "Field listing: Labor force by occupation". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
- "Field listing: Industries". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 18 December 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
- "Country comparison: Total road length". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 7 September 2017. Retrieved 15 June 2018.
- "Field listing: Ethnic Groups". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 21 November 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: "World Factbook EUROPE : BULGARIA", The World Factbook, 12 July 2018, archived from the original on 20 April 2021, retrieved 23 January 2021- "Country Comparison: Population growth rate". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 10 March 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Country Comparison: Birth rate". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 15 June 2013. Retrieved 8 April 2013.
- "Country Comparison: Death rate". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 15 June 2013. Retrieved 8 April 2013.
- "Country Comparison: Life Expectancy". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 1 February 2019. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
- "Field Listing: Literacy". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 29 March 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
culture.gouv.fr
- "The Gumelnita Culture". Government of France. Archived from the original on 13 October 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
The Necropolis at Varna is an important site in understanding this culture.
dans.bg
- "State Agency for National Security Official Website". State Agency for National Security. Archived from the original on 19 December 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
dariknews.bg
- "Bulgarian Camera Flies to the Moon". Darik News. 22 March 2019. Archived from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.
defence24.com
- Palowski, Jakub (6 October 2015). "Bulgaria Will Modernize Its Army. "Fighters, infantry fighting vehicles"". Defence24. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
dir.bg
dnes.dir.bg
- Бизнесът очерта уникална диспропорция в България [Business points to a major disproportion in Bulgaria] (in Bulgarian). Dir.bg. 14 January 2013. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
direct-democracy-navigator.org
- "Overview of direct democratic instruments in Bulgaria". Navigator to Direct Democracy. Archived from the original on 16 January 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2018.
dnes.bg
- Бай Тошовият блян – България в ЕС през '87 [Todor Zhivkov's dream – Bulgaria in the EC in '87] (in Bulgarian). Dnes.bg. 15 August 2008. Archived from the original on 26 January 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
doi.org
- Tillier, Anne-Marie; Sirakov, Nikolay; Guadelli, Aleta; Fernandez, Philippe; Sirakova, Svoboda (October 2017). "Evidence of Neanderthals in the Balkans: The infant radius from Kozarnika Cave (Bulgaria)". Journal of Human Evolution. 111 (111): 54–62. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.06.002. PMID 28874274.
- Fewlass, H, Talamo, S, Wacker, S, et al. (2020). "A 14C chronology for the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition at Bacho Kiro Cave, Bulgaria". Nature Ecology & Evolution. 4 (6): 794–801. Bibcode:2020NatEE...4..794F. doi:10.1038/s41559-020-1136-3. hdl:11585/770560. PMID 32393865. S2CID 218593433.
- Hublin, J, Sirakov, N, Aldeias, V, et al. (2020). "Initial Upper Palaeolithic Homo sapiens from Bacho Kiro Cave, Bulgaria" (PDF). Nature. 581 (7808): 299–302. Bibcode:2020Natur.581..299H. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2259-z. hdl:11585/770553. PMID 32433609. S2CID 218592678. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
- Roberts, Benjamin W.; Thornton, Christopher P. (2009). "Development of metallurgy in Eurasia". Antiquity. 83 (322). Department of Prehistory and Europe, British Museum: 1015. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00099312. S2CID 163062746. Archived from the original on 15 January 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
In contrast, the earliest exploitation and working of gold occurs in the Balkans during the mid-fifth millennium BC, several centuries after the earliest known copper smelting. This is demonstrated most spectacularly in the various objects adorning the burials at Varna, Bulgaria (Renfrew 1986; Highamet al. 2007). In contrast, the earliest gold objects found in Southwest Asia date only to the beginning of the fourth millennium BC as at Nahal Qanah in Israel (Golden 2009), suggesting that gold exploitation may have been a Southeast European invention, albeit a short-lived one.
- Stefanov, Ruslan (2015). "The Bulgarian Public Procurement Market: Corruption Risks and Dynamics in the Construction Sector" (PDF). Government Favouritism in Europe: The Anticorruption Report 3 (3/2015): 35. doi:10.2307/j.ctvdf0g12.6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 6 August 2018.
- WIPO. "Global Innovation Index 2023, 15th Edition". www.wipo.int. doi:10.34667/tind.46596. Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
- Ivanova, Tanya (1998). "Six-month space greenhouse experiments—a step to creation of future biological life support systems". Acta Astronautica. 42 (1–8): 11–23. Bibcode:1998AcAau..42...11I. doi:10.1016/S0094-5765(98)00102-7. PMID 11541596.
- Dachev, Ts.; Dimitrov, Pl.; Tomov, B.; Matviichuk, Yu.; Spurny, F.; Ploc, O. (2011). "Liulin-type spectrometry-dosimetry instruments". Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 144 (1–4): 675–679. doi:10.1093/rpd/ncq506. ISSN 1742-3406. PMID 21177270.
dw.com
- Seiler, Bistra (26 June 2013). "Bulgarians protest government of 'oligarchs'". Deutsche Welle. Archived from the original on 10 June 2015. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Bulgaria: Anti-Government Protests Continue for a Ninth Day" Archived 16 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine (18 July 2020). DW.com. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
- "Bulgaria election: PM Borissov's party wins but falls short of majority | DW | 05.04.2021". Deutsche Welle. Archived from the original on 27 April 2022. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
- "Bulgarians unfazed by anti-Roma hate speech from deputy prime minister". Deutsche Welle. 31 October 2017. Archived from the original on 2 November 2019. Retrieved 2 November 2019.
- "Will EU Entry Shrink Bulgaria's Population Even More?". Deutsche Welle. 26 December 2006. Archived from the original on 10 May 2022. Retrieved 11 April 2016.
eia.gov
- "Total Primary Coal Production (Thousand Short Tons)". U.S. Energy Information Administration. Archived from the original on 27 April 2017. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
eiu.com
- "Democracy Index 2017: Free speech under attack". The Economist Intelligence Unit. Archived from the original on 31 January 2018. Retrieved 24 July 2018.
epfl-europeanleagues.com
- "Hristo Stoichkov – Bulgarian League Ambassador". Professional Football Against Hunger. Archived from the original on 6 November 2011. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
esiweb.org
- "Bulgaria's quest to meet the environmental acquis". European Stability Initiative. 10 December 2008. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
espn.com
- Ames, Nick (16 September 2014). "Plucky Ludogorets' rise to the Champions League group stage". ESPN. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
eurail.com
- "Trains in Bulgaria". EuRail. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
europa.eu
ec.europa.eu
- "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey". ec.europa.eu. Eurostat. Archived from the original on 20 March 2019. Retrieved 25 November 2023.
- "European Commission Enlargement Archives: Treaty of Accession of Bulgaria and Romania". European Commission. 25 April 2005. Archived from the original on 19 February 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "The economies of Bulgaria and Romania". European Commission. January 2007. Archived from the original on 25 January 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Regional gross domestic product (PPS per inhabitant), by NUTS 2 regions". Eurostat. Archived from the original on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
- "GDP per capita in PPS". ec.europa.eu/eurostat. Eurostat. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
- "Comparative price levels". ec.europa.eu/eurostat. Eurostat. Archived from the original on 18 December 2020. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
- "Shadow Economy" (PDF). Eurostat. 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 November 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2012.
- "Public procurement in Bulgaria" (PDF). European Commission. 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- "Bulgaria: 2011 Telecommunication Market and Regulatory Developments" (PDF). European Commission. 2011. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
- "Girls and women under-represented in ICT". Eurostat. 25 April 2018. Archived from the original on 7 July 2019. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
eea.europa.eu
- "Report on European Environment Agency about the Nature protection and biodiversity in Europe". European Environment Agency. Archived from the original on 22 March 2014. Retrieved 16 October 2018.
- "Industrial facilities causing the highest damage costs to health and the environment". European Environment Agency. Archived from the original on 12 December 2018. Retrieved 25 November 2014.
- "Report on European Environment Agency about the quality of freshwaters in Europe". European Environment Agency. Archived from the original on 16 April 2014. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
europa.eu
- "Digital Single Market: Europe announces eight sites to host world-class supercomputers". European Commission. 7 June 2019. Archived from the original on 11 August 2019. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu
- "Eurostat – Tables, Graphs and Maps Interface (TGM) table". Eurostat. 17 October 2013. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 25 February 2014.
export.gov
- "Bulgaria – Power Generation". International Trade Administration. Archived from the original on 15 June 2018. Retrieved 15 June 2018.
fao.org
- "Bulgaria – Natural conditions, farming traditions and agricultural structures". Food and Agriculture Organization. Archived from the original on 28 March 2008. Retrieved 2 November 2011.
fcbarcelona.com
- "Hristo Stoichkov". FC Barcelona. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
fmprc.gov.cn
- "Bulgaria – Bilateral Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the PRC. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
foxnews.com
- "Bulgaria tops lavender oil production, outpacing France". Fox News. 16 July 2014. Archived from the original on 12 September 2018. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
fpc.org.uk
- "Religious demography in the censuses of 1887, 1905, 1926, 1946, 1992, 2001 and 2011". Archived from the original on 18 June 2022.
freedomhouse.org
- Zankina, Emilia. "Bulgaria Country Profile". Freedom House. Archived from the original on 24 July 2018. Retrieved 24 July 2018.
ft.com
- Buckley, Neil (29 May 2013). "Bulgaria parliament votes for a 'Mario Monti' to lead government". The Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Hope, Kerin (17 October 2016). "Bulgaria strives to become tech capital of the Balkans". The Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
- Hope, Kerin (9 March 2018). "Bulgaria builds on legacy of female engineering elite". The Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
- Hope, Kerin (11 January 2018). "Bulgaria battles to stop its brain drain". The Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2018.
But a sharp decline in the quality of state healthcare and high poverty rates—42% of the population are at risk of poverty in old age, according to Eurostat—gives Bulgaria the second-lowest life expectancy in the EU after Lithuania.
ghostarchive.org
- Hublin, J, Sirakov, N, Aldeias, V, et al. (2020). "Initial Upper Palaeolithic Homo sapiens from Bacho Kiro Cave, Bulgaria" (PDF). Nature. 581 (7808): 299–302. Bibcode:2020Natur.581..299H. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2259-z. hdl:11585/770553. PMID 32433609. S2CID 218592678. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
- "Bulgaria Second National Communication" (PDF). United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
- Видово разнообразие на България [Species biodiversity in Bulgaria] (PDF) (in Bulgarian). UNESCO report. 2013. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
- Denchev, Cvetomir. "Checklist of the larger basidiomycetes ın Bulgaria" (PDF). Institute of Botany, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
- Hakim, Danny (15 October 2013). "Bulgaria's Air Is Dirtiest in Europe, Study Finds, Followed by Poland". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 1 January 2022. Retrieved 15 October 2013.
- Buckley, Neil (29 May 2013). "Bulgaria parliament votes for a 'Mario Monti' to lead government". The Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Hawkesworth, Ian (2009). "Budgeting in Bulgaria" (PDF). OECD Journal on Budgeting (3/2009): 137. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 6 August 2018.
- "Bulgarian corruption at 15-year high". The Telegraph. 12 December 2014. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
- Stefanov, Ruslan (2015). "The Bulgarian Public Procurement Market: Corruption Risks and Dynamics in the Construction Sector" (PDF). Government Favouritism in Europe: The Anticorruption Report 3 (3/2015): 35. doi:10.2307/j.ctvdf0g12.6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 6 August 2018.
- "Public procurement in Bulgaria" (PDF). European Commission. 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- "Trade In Goods of Bulgaria With Third Countries In the Period January – October 2019 (Preliminary Data)" (PDF). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. November 2019. pp. 7, 8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
- "Agricultural Policies in non-OECD countries: Monitoring and Evaluation" (PDF). OECD. 2007. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Hope, Kerin (17 October 2016). "Bulgaria strives to become tech capital of the Balkans". The Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
- "Bulgaria: 2011 Telecommunication Market and Regulatory Developments" (PDF). European Commission. 2011. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
- The Global Gender Gap Report (PDF). World Economic Forum. 2018. pp. 10, 45, 46. ISBN 978-2-940631-00-1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 26 February 2019.
- Hope, Kerin (9 March 2018). "Bulgaria builds on legacy of female engineering elite". The Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
- Hope, Kerin (11 January 2018). "Bulgaria battles to stop its brain drain". The Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2018.
But a sharp decline in the quality of state healthcare and high poverty rates—42% of the population are at risk of poverty in old age, according to Eurostat—gives Bulgaria the second-lowest life expectancy in the EU after Lithuania.
- Georgieva, Lidia; Salchev, Petko (2007). "Bulgaria Health system review" (PDF). Health Systems in Transition. 9 (1): xvi, 12. ISSN 1817-6127. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
- "Obituary: Ghena Dimitrova". The Telegraph. 13 June 2005. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
gorabg-magazine.info
- Belev, Toma (June 2010). "Бъдещето на природните паркове в България и техните администрации" [The future of Bulgaria's natural parks and their administrations]. Gora Magazine. Archived from the original on 2 November 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
government.bg
mrrb.government.bg
- Историческо развитие на административно–териториалното устройство на Република България [Historical development of the administrative and territorial division of the Republic of Bulgaria] (in Bulgarian). Ministry of Regional Development. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Областите в България. Портрети" [The oblasts in Bulgaria. Portraits]. Ministry of Regional Development. Archived from the original on 19 June 2012. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
grammy.com
- "32nd Grammy Awards Winners". Grammy Awards. 28 November 2017. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
grida.no
enrin.grida.no
- "Biodiversity in Bulgaria". GRID-Arendal. Archived from the original on 30 April 2016. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
guinnessworldrecords.com
- "Highest high jump (female)". The Guinness World Records. 30 August 1987. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
handle.net
hdl.handle.net
- Fewlass, H, Talamo, S, Wacker, S, et al. (2020). "A 14C chronology for the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition at Bacho Kiro Cave, Bulgaria". Nature Ecology & Evolution. 4 (6): 794–801. Bibcode:2020NatEE...4..794F. doi:10.1038/s41559-020-1136-3. hdl:11585/770560. PMID 32393865. S2CID 218593433.
- Hublin, J, Sirakov, N, Aldeias, V, et al. (2020). "Initial Upper Palaeolithic Homo sapiens from Bacho Kiro Cave, Bulgaria" (PDF). Nature. 581 (7808): 299–302. Bibcode:2020Natur.581..299H. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2259-z. hdl:11585/770553. PMID 32433609. S2CID 218592678. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
harvard.edu
ui.adsabs.harvard.edu
- Fewlass, H, Talamo, S, Wacker, S, et al. (2020). "A 14C chronology for the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition at Bacho Kiro Cave, Bulgaria". Nature Ecology & Evolution. 4 (6): 794–801. Bibcode:2020NatEE...4..794F. doi:10.1038/s41559-020-1136-3. hdl:11585/770560. PMID 32393865. S2CID 218593433.
- Hublin, J, Sirakov, N, Aldeias, V, et al. (2020). "Initial Upper Palaeolithic Homo sapiens from Bacho Kiro Cave, Bulgaria" (PDF). Nature. 581 (7808): 299–302. Bibcode:2020Natur.581..299H. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2259-z. hdl:11585/770553. PMID 32433609. S2CID 218592678. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
- Ivanova, Tanya (1998). "Six-month space greenhouse experiments—a step to creation of future biological life support systems". Acta Astronautica. 42 (1–8): 11–23. Bibcode:1998AcAau..42...11I. doi:10.1016/S0094-5765(98)00102-7. PMID 11541596.
hurriyetdailynews.com
- "Bulgaria's Muslims not deeply religious: study". Hürriyet Daily News. 9 December 2011. Archived from the original on 18 March 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
iaea.org
inis.iaea.org
- Semkova, Jordanka; Dachev, Tsvetan (2015). "Radiation environment investigations during ExoMars missions to Mars – objectives, experiments and instrumentation". Comptes Rendus de l'Académie Bulgare des Sciences. 47 (25): 485–496. ISSN 1310-1331. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 6 August 2018.
imf.org
- "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Bulgaria)". International Monetary Fund. 10 October 2023. Archived from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2023.
- "Bulgaria". International Monetary Fund. Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
independent.co.uk
- Castle, Steven (29 December 2006). "The Big Question: With Romania and Bulgaria joining the EU, how much bigger can it get?". The Independent. Archived from the original on 16 November 2019. Retrieved 14 September 2018.
- Forbes, Elizabeth (29 June 1993). "Obituary: Boris Christoff". The Independent. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- Forbes, Elizabeth (9 September 1996). "Obituary: Ljuba Welitsch". The Independent. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
interpol.int
- "Interpol entry on Bulgaria". Interpol. Archived from the original on 27 April 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
isro.org
- "Radiation Dose Monitor Experiment (RADOM)". ISRO. Archived from the original on 19 January 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
iucn.org
cmsdata.iucn.org
- "Bulgaria's biodiversity at risk" (PDF). IUCN Red List. 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 May 2015. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
jamestown.org
- "Bulgaria Strikes Back After Gazprom Suspended Gas Supplies Last Year". 26 October 2023. Archived from the original on 9 December 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
kent.ac.uk
kar.kent.ac.uk
- Hublin, J, Sirakov, N, Aldeias, V, et al. (2020). "Initial Upper Palaeolithic Homo sapiens from Bacho Kiro Cave, Bulgaria" (PDF). Nature. 581 (7808): 299–302. Bibcode:2020Natur.581..299H. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2259-z. hdl:11585/770553. PMID 32433609. S2CID 218592678. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
klassa.bg
- "World Bank: The demographic crisis is Bulgaria's most serious problem". Klassa. 15 November 2012. Archived from the original on 7 May 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2013.
kroraina.com
macedonia.kroraina.com
- Zlatarski, Vasil (1938). Istorija 1A – b1 – 1 История на Първото българско Царство. I. Епоха на хуно–българското надмощие (679–852) [History of the First Bulgarian Empire. Period of Hunnic-Bulgarian domination (679–852)] (in Bulgarian). Marin Drinov Publishing House. p. 188. ISBN 978-9544302986. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 23 May 2012.
limesromanus.org
- Curta, Florin (2001). The Making of the Slavs: History and Archaeology of the Lower Danube Region, c. 500–700 (PDF). Cambridge University Press. pp. 311–334. ISBN 978-1-139-42888-0. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 March 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
litencyc.com
- Lorenz, Dagmar C.G. (17 April 2004). "Elias Canetti". The Literary Encyclopedia. Vol. 1.4.1. ISSN 1747-678X.
loc.gov
lcweb2.loc.gov
- The First Golden Age. "The First Golden Age". Chapter 1. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 13 October 2012.
- The Final Move to Independence. "The Final Move to Independence". The Bulgarian Independence Movement. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- San Stefano, Berlin and Independence. "San Stefano, Berlin, and Independence". The Bulgarian Independence Movement. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- Bulgaria in World War II: The Passive Alliance. "Bulgaria in World War II: The Passive Alliance". World War II. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- Wartime Crisis. "Wartime Crisis". World War II. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- The Soviet Occupation. "The Soviet Occupation". World War II. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
- Domestic Policy and Its ResultsQuote: "real wages increased 75 percent, consumption of meat, fruit, and vegetables increased markedly, medical facilities and doctors became available to more of the population" "Domestic Policy and Its Results". Communist Consolidation. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- After Stalin. "After Stalin". Communist Consolidation. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 24 April 2012.
- The Economy. "The Economy". Chapter 3. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- The Political Atmosphere in the 1970s. "The Political Atmosphere in the 1970s". The Zhivkov Era. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- Bulgaria in the 1980s. "Bulgaria in the 1980s". The Zhivkov Era. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
- Government and Politics. "Government and Politics". Chapter 4. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- Topography. "Topography". The Society and its Environment. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- Climate. "Climate". The Society and its Environment. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- Arms Sales. "Arms Sales". National Security. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- Foreign Affairs in the 1960s and 1970s. "Foreign Affairs in the 1960s and 1970s". The Zhivkov Era. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- Resource Base. "Resource Base". The Economy. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
tile.loc.gov
- Library of Congress 2006, p. 16. Curtis, Glenn (20 October 2006). Country Profile: Bulgaria (PDF) (Report). Federal Research Division. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2024 – via Library of Congress.
- Library of Congress 2006, p. 4. Curtis, Glenn (20 October 2006). Country Profile: Bulgaria (PDF) (Report). Federal Research Division. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2024 – via Library of Congress.
- Library of Congress 2006, p. 17. Curtis, Glenn (20 October 2006). Country Profile: Bulgaria (PDF) (Report). Federal Research Division. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2024 – via Library of Congress.
- Library of Congress 2006, pp. 16–17. Curtis, Glenn (20 October 2006). Country Profile: Bulgaria (PDF) (Report). Federal Research Division. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2024 – via Library of Congress.
- Library of Congress 2006, p. 14. Curtis, Glenn (20 October 2006). Country Profile: Bulgaria (PDF) (Report). Federal Research Division. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2024 – via Library of Congress.
- Library of Congress 2006, p. 6. Curtis, Glenn (20 October 2006). Country Profile: Bulgaria (PDF) (Report). Federal Research Division. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2024 – via Library of Congress.
- Library of Congress 2006, pp. 18, 23. Curtis, Glenn (20 October 2006). Country Profile: Bulgaria (PDF) (Report). Federal Research Division. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2024 – via Library of Congress.
logicmag.io
- Petrov, Victor (30 September 2021). "Socialist Cyborgs". Archived from the original on 17 September 2021.
mfa.gr
www2.mfa.gr
- "Bulgaria – relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Greece. Archived from the original on 5 February 2012. Retrieved 31 March 2012.
minfin.bg
- "Structure of Bulgarian Tax System". Ministry of Finance of Bulgaria. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
mod.bg
- "Armed Forces Development Plan" (PDF). Ministry of Defence of Bulgaria. 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 June 2012. Retrieved 31 March 2012.
mon.bg
- "Structure of the Education System in Bulgaria". Ministry of Education, Youth and Science of Bulgaria. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
mondediplo.com
bg.mondediplo.com
- Prodanov, Vasil (1 October 2007). Разрушителният български преход [The destructive Bulgarian transition]. Le Monde diplomatique (in Bulgarian). Archived from the original on 6 February 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
mvr.bg
- "National Police Service". Ministry of the Interior of Bulgaria. Archived from the original on 3 October 2012. Retrieved 25 May 2012.
- Справка за щатната численост и незаетите бройки в структурите на МВР към 31 May 2018 г. [Summary of staff and vacancies in structures of the Ministry of the Interior as of 31 May 2018] (PDF) (in Bulgarian). Ministry of the Interior. 31 May 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
mycotaxon.com
- Denchev, Cvetomir. "Checklist of the larger basidiomycetes ın Bulgaria" (PDF). Institute of Botany, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
nationalinterest.org
- Roblin, Sebastien (12 September 2016). "SS-21 Scarab: Russia's Forgotten (But Deadly) Ballistic Missile". The National Interest. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
nato.int
- "NATO Update: Seven new members join NATO". NATO. 29 March 2004. Archived from the original on 15 March 2014. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
news.bg
- Съдебната ни система – първенец по корупция [Our justice system – a leader in corruption] (in Bulgarian). News.bg. 3 June 2010. Archived from the original on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
nih.gov
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Tillier, Anne-Marie; Sirakov, Nikolay; Guadelli, Aleta; Fernandez, Philippe; Sirakova, Svoboda (October 2017). "Evidence of Neanderthals in the Balkans: The infant radius from Kozarnika Cave (Bulgaria)". Journal of Human Evolution. 111 (111): 54–62. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.06.002. PMID 28874274.
- Fewlass, H, Talamo, S, Wacker, S, et al. (2020). "A 14C chronology for the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition at Bacho Kiro Cave, Bulgaria". Nature Ecology & Evolution. 4 (6): 794–801. Bibcode:2020NatEE...4..794F. doi:10.1038/s41559-020-1136-3. hdl:11585/770560. PMID 32393865. S2CID 218593433.
- Hublin, J, Sirakov, N, Aldeias, V, et al. (2020). "Initial Upper Palaeolithic Homo sapiens from Bacho Kiro Cave, Bulgaria" (PDF). Nature. 581 (7808): 299–302. Bibcode:2020Natur.581..299H. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2259-z. hdl:11585/770553. PMID 32433609. S2CID 218592678. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
- Ivanova, Tanya (1998). "Six-month space greenhouse experiments—a step to creation of future biological life support systems". Acta Astronautica. 42 (1–8): 11–23. Bibcode:1998AcAau..42...11I. doi:10.1016/S0094-5765(98)00102-7. PMID 11541596.
- Dachev, Ts.; Dimitrov, Pl.; Tomov, B.; Matviichuk, Yu.; Spurny, F.; Ploc, O. (2011). "Liulin-type spectrometry-dosimetry instruments". Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 144 (1–4): 675–679. doi:10.1093/rpd/ncq506. ISSN 1742-3406. PMID 21177270.
novinite.com
- Guineva, Maria (10 October 2011). "Old Town Sozopol – Bulgaria's 'Rescued' Miracle and Its Modern Day Saviors". Novinite. Archived from the original on 18 March 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
- "Reminiscence from Days of Liberation". Novinite. 3 March 2011. Archived from the original on 16 June 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Bulgarian Politicians Discuss First Democratic Elections 20y After". Novinite. 5 July 2010. Archived from the original on 10 December 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Bulgaria Achieves Kyoto Protocol Targets – IWR Report". Novinite. 11 August 2009. Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "High Air Pollution to Close Downtown Sofia". Novinite. 14 January 2008. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Bulgaria's Sofia, Plovdiv Suffer Worst Air Pollution in Europe". Novinite. 23 June 2010. Archived from the original on 11 May 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "PM Hopeful: New Bulgarian Cabinet Will Be 'Expert, Pragmatic'". Novinite. 25 May 2013. Archived from the original on 13 March 2014. Retrieved 12 March 2014.
- "Timeline of Oresharski's Cabinet: A Government in Constant Jeopardy". Novinite. 24 July 2014. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 29 July 2014.
- Petrov, Angel (6 October 2014). "Bulgaria's Grand Parliament Chessboard Might Be Both Ailment and Cure". Novinite. Archived from the original on 7 September 2020. Retrieved 7 October 2014.
- "Vietnam Thanks Bulgaria for University Graduates". Novinite. 28 October 2010. Archived from the original on 3 December 2011. Retrieved 31 March 2012.
- "ITUC Frontlines Report 2012: Section on Bulgaria". Novinite. 10 October 2012. Archived from the original on 20 October 2012. Retrieved 10 October 2012.
- "Bulgaria, Romania Rapped for Public Procurement Fraud". Novinite. 21 July 2010. Archived from the original on 16 July 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- "Mining Industry Accounts for 5% of Bulgaria's GDP – Energy Minister". Novinite. 29 August 2015. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- "Bulgaria is Again the World's First Producer of Lavender Oil". Novinite. 30 November 2017. Archived from the original on 30 April 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- "EU Presidency Puts Lagging Bulgarian Science in the Spotlight". Novinite. 22 March 2018. Archived from the original on 15 July 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
- "R&D Spending in Bulgaria Up in 2015, Mostly Driven by Businesses". Novinite. 31 October 2016. Archived from the original on 2 February 2020. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
- "Cosmonauts Eager, Hopeful for Reboot of Bulgaria's Space Program". Novinite. 17 April 2011. Archived from the original on 15 August 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
- "Bulgaria Opens Tender for Fourth Mobile Operator". Novinite. 3 October 2011. Archived from the original on 17 November 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- Guineva, Maria (7 January 2013). "The Bulgaria 2012 Review: Health and Healthcare". Novinite. Archived from the original on 17 January 2013. Retrieved 21 February 2013.
- "French-Bulgarian Theorist Tzvetan Todorov Wins Top Spanish Award". Novinite. 18 June 2008. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- Bruce-Gardyne, Tom (7 February 2012). "Bulgaria Bounces Back". Novinite. Retrieved 7 February 2012.
- "Bulgaria Ranks 22nd in World Wine Production". Novinite. 21 October 2016.
- "Archeological Find Proves Rakia Is Bulgarian Invention". Novinite. 10 October 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Eternal+Derby" "Levski, CSKA Score Emphatic Wins Before "Eternal Derby"". Novinite. 1 April 2007. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
nsi.bg
nsi.bg
- "Преброяване 2021: Етнокултурна характеристика на населението" [2021 Census: Ethnocultural characteristics of the population] (PDF). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 November 2022.
- NSI Brochure 2018, pp. 2–3. "Bulgaria 2018" (PDF) (in Bulgarian and English). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
- NSI Brochure 2018, p. 29. "Bulgaria 2018" (PDF) (in Bulgarian and English). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
- NSI Brochure 2018, p. 3. "Bulgaria 2018" (PDF) (in Bulgarian and English). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
- NSI Brochure 2018, p. 27. "Bulgaria 2018" (PDF) (in Bulgarian and English). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
- "Брутен държавен дълг". www.nsi.bg. Archived from the original on 6 December 2023. Retrieved 10 February 2024.
- БВП – регионално ниво [GDP – regional level] (in Bulgarian). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. Archived from the original on 20 July 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
- NSI Census data 2017. Население по области, общини, местоживеене и пол [Population by Province, Municipality, Address and Sex as of 31 December 2017] (in Bulgarian). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
- "Trade In Goods of Bulgaria With Third Countries In the Period January – October 2019 (Preliminary Data)" (PDF). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. November 2019. pp. 7, 8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
- Посещения на чужденци в България по месеци и по страни [Arrivals of foreigners in 2017 by month and country of origin] (in Bulgarian). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 15 February 2019. Archived from the original on 5 June 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
- NSI Brochure 2018, p. 19. "Bulgaria 2018" (PDF) (in Bulgarian and English). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
- "Individuals regularly using the Internet (Every day or at least once a week)". National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 27 February 2021. Archived from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
- "Households with Internet access at home". National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 27 February 2021. Archived from the original on 11 August 2020. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
- NSI Brochure 2018, p. 47. "Bulgaria 2018" (PDF) (in Bulgarian and English). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
- National Statistical Institute (24 November 2022). "Ethno-Cultural Characteristics of the Bulgarian Population as at 7 September 2021" (PDF) (in Bulgarian). Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
- "Population and demographic processes in 2022" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 April 2023. Retrieved 18 May 2023.
- NSI Census data 2011, p. 3. Преброяване 2011 (окончателни данни) [Final Results of the 2011 census] (PDF) (in Bulgarian). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 December 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
- "Population and Demographic Processes in 2018". Nsi.bg. Archived from the original on 15 July 2020. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
- https://nsi.bg/bg/content/2981/%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5-%D0%BF%D0%BE-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5-%D0%B8-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB
- NSI Census data 2011, p. 5 In the 2011 census, the language question was optional and it was answered by 90.2% of those surveyed. Преброяване 2011 (окончателни данни) [Final Results of the 2011 census] (PDF) (in Bulgarian). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 December 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
- "2001 Census: Population by districts and religious groups". Archived from the original on 23 February 2017.
infostat.nsi.bg
- National Statistical Institute (2022). "Population by Ethnic Group, Statistical Regions, Districts and Municipalities as of 07/09/2021". Archived from the original on 12 February 2023. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
- National Statistical Institute (2022). "Population by Religious Denomination, Statistical Regions and Districts as of 07/09/2021". Archived from the original on 21 October 2023. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
censusresults.nsi.bg
- "Преброяване 2011: Население по местоживеене, възраст и вероизповедание" [2011 Census: Population by place of residence, age and religion]. Archived from the original on 3 March 2018.
nytimes.com
- Bohlen, Celestine (17 October 1991). "Vote Gives Key Role to Ethnic Turks". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 11 May 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
in 1980s ... the Communist leader, Todor Zhivkov, began a campaign of cultural assimilation that forced ethnic Turks to adopt Slavic names, closed their mosques and prayer houses and suppressed any attempts at protest. One result was the mass exodus of more than 300,000 ethnic Turks to neighboring Turkey in 1989
- Hakim, Danny (15 October 2013). "Bulgaria's Air Is Dirtiest in Europe, Study Finds, Followed by Poland". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 1 January 2022. Retrieved 15 October 2013.
- Brunwasser, Matthew (5 November 2006). "Questions arise again about Bulgaria's legal system". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2 August 2013. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- Kozinn, Allan (29 June 1993). "Boris Christoff, Bass, Dies at 79; Esteemed for His Boris Godunov". The New York Times. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- Midgette, Anne (3 June 2004). "Nicolai Ghiaurov, Operatic Bass, Dies at 74". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 December 2013.
nyulawglobal.org
- "The Bulgarian Legal System and Legal Research". Hauser Global Law School Program. August 2006. Archived from the original on 7 August 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
occrp.org
- "EU: Countries to Begin Counting Drugs, Prostitution in Economic Growth". Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project. 9 September 2014. Archived from the original on 17 November 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
oecd-ilibrary.org
read.oecd-ilibrary.org
- OECD Economic Surveys: Bulgaria. OECD. 1999. p. 24. ISBN 9789264167735. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
The previous 1997 Economic Survey of Bulgaria documented how a combination of difficult initial conditions, delays in structural reforms, ... culminated in the economic crisis of 1996–97.
oecd.org
- Hawkesworth, Ian (2009). "Budgeting in Bulgaria" (PDF). OECD Journal on Budgeting (3/2009): 137. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 6 August 2018.
- "Agricultural Policies in non-OECD countries: Monitoring and Evaluation" (PDF). OECD. 2007. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
olympic.org
- "Bulgaria". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 5 October 2018.
ourworldindata.org
- Max Roser (2014), "Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries", Our World In Data, Gapminder Foundation, archived from the original on 10 May 2022, retrieved 6 May 2019
oxfordbusinessgroup.com
- "Bulgaria: Selling off steel". Oxford Business Group. 31 August 2011. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Energy Hub". Oxford Business Group. 13 October 2008. Archived from the original on 28 July 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
parliament.bg
- "Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria". National Assembly of the Republic of Bulgaria. Archived from the original on 19 August 2019. Retrieved 30 August 2020.
- "National Assembly of the Republic of Bulgaria – Constitution". www.parliament.bg. Archived from the original on 26 May 2022. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
- "The Bulgarian Constitution". Parliament of Bulgaria. Archived from the original on 10 December 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
pbs.org
- "WWI Casualty and Death Tables". PBS. Archived from the original on 3 October 2016. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
reuters.com
- Mudeva, Anna (31 May 2009). "Cracks show in Bulgaria's Muslim ethnic model". Reuters. Archived from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2011.
- "Fitch: Early Bulgaria Elections Would Create Fiscal Uncertainty". Reuters. 23 November 2016. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
- Tsolova, Tsvetelia (12 May 2013). "Rightist GERB holds lead in Bulgaria's election". Reuters. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
- Tsolova, Tsvetelia (6 November 2014). "Bulgaria's Borisov plasters together coalition government". Reuters. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Reuters". Reuters. May 2021. Archived from the original on 8 May 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
- "Bulgaria faces fresh elections as Socialists refuse to form a government". Reuters. 2 September 2021. Archived from the original on 5 September 2021. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- "Bulgaria's parliament elects new government led by PM Denkov". Reuters. 6 June 2023. Archived from the original on 10 June 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
- "Bulgarian border officers suspended over airport security lapse". Reuters. 24 March 2018. Archived from the original on 16 April 2022. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
- Macdonald, Alastair (11 January 2018). "Bulgaria savors EU embrace despite critics". Reuters. Archived from the original on 30 April 2022. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
- Krasimirov, Angel (17 January 2018). "Bulgaria's government faces no-confidence vote over corruption". Reuters. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
- Krasimirov, Angel (7 June 2018). "Bulgaria must work to restart Belene nuclear project: parliament". Reuters. Archived from the original on 24 October 2018. Retrieved 24 October 2018.
romaniacurata.ro
- Stefanov, Ruslan (2015). "The Bulgarian Public Procurement Market: Corruption Risks and Dynamics in the Construction Sector" (PDF). Government Favouritism in Europe: The Anticorruption Report 3 (3/2015): 35. doi:10.2307/j.ctvdf0g12.6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 6 August 2018.
rsf.org
- "Bulgaria". Reporters Without Borders. Retrieved 20 May 2018.
seenews.com
- Mihaylov, Ivaylo (14 February 2017). "Bulgaria wine production 2016". SEE News.
semanticscholar.org
api.semanticscholar.org
- Fewlass, H, Talamo, S, Wacker, S, et al. (2020). "A 14C chronology for the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition at Bacho Kiro Cave, Bulgaria". Nature Ecology & Evolution. 4 (6): 794–801. Bibcode:2020NatEE...4..794F. doi:10.1038/s41559-020-1136-3. hdl:11585/770560. PMID 32393865. S2CID 218593433.
- Hublin, J, Sirakov, N, Aldeias, V, et al. (2020). "Initial Upper Palaeolithic Homo sapiens from Bacho Kiro Cave, Bulgaria" (PDF). Nature. 581 (7808): 299–302. Bibcode:2020Natur.581..299H. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2259-z. hdl:11585/770553. PMID 32433609. S2CID 218592678. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
- Roberts, Benjamin W.; Thornton, Christopher P. (2009). "Development of metallurgy in Eurasia". Antiquity. 83 (322). Department of Prehistory and Europe, British Museum: 1015. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00099312. S2CID 163062746. Archived from the original on 15 January 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
In contrast, the earliest exploitation and working of gold occurs in the Balkans during the mid-fifth millennium BC, several centuries after the earliest known copper smelting. This is demonstrated most spectacularly in the various objects adorning the burials at Varna, Bulgaria (Renfrew 1986; Highamet al. 2007). In contrast, the earliest gold objects found in Southwest Asia date only to the beginning of the fourth millennium BC as at Nahal Qanah in Israel (Golden 2009), suggesting that gold exploitation may have been a Southeast European invention, albeit a short-lived one.
setimes.com
- "US, Bulgaria sign defence co-operation agreement". Southeast European Times. 28 April 2006. Archived from the original on 25 January 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
sofiaglobe.com
- "Bulgaria's Parliament votes additional military aid for Ukraine, possibility of air space for F-16 training". 8 December 2023. Archived from the original on 9 December 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
- "US State Dept criticises Bulgaria on prisons, judiciary, corruption, people-trafficking and violence against minorities". The Sofia Globe. 21 April 2018. Archived from the original on 6 November 2020. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
- staff, The Sofia Globe (24 November 2022). "Census 2021: Close to 72% of Bulgarians say they are Christians". The Sofia Globe. Archived from the original on 15 December 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
spacex.com
- "BulgariaSat-1 Mission". SpaceX. Archived from the original on 17 November 2019. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
state.gov
2009-2017.state.gov
- "Bulgaria Factbook". Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 18 March 2022. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
svobodnaevropa.bg
- "Ракети, радари, бронирани машини. Как България се разбърза да превъоръжи армията заради агресията на Русия". Свободна Европа (in Bulgarian). 12 September 2023. Archived from the original on 22 September 2023. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
telegraph.co.uk
- "Bulgarian corruption at 15-year high". The Telegraph. 12 December 2014. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
- "Obituary: Ghena Dimitrova". The Telegraph. 13 June 2005. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
theconversation.com
- "Russia's borders: old ties pull Bulgaria in two directions". The Conversation. 22 October 2014. Archived from the original on 13 January 2022. Retrieved 13 January 2022.
Modern relations between Bulgaria and Russia began about two centuries ago...
thegreenpapers.com
- "The United Nations Security Council". The Green Papers Worldwide. Archived from the original on 8 November 2017. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
theguardian.com
- Rankin, Jennifer (28 December 2017). "Cloud of corruption hangs over Bulgaria as it takes up EU presidency". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 25 May 2022. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
- "Europe (without the euro)". The Guardian. 20 April 2009. Archived from the original on 31 October 2013. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- Greenslade, Roy (23 September 2014). "Why Bulgaria is the EU's lowest ranked country on press freedom index". The Guardian. Retrieved 20 May 2018.
thesofiaecho.com
- "Bulgaria's ore exports rise 10% in H1 2011 – industry group". The Sofia Echo. 18 August 2011. Archived from the original on 16 March 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
timeshighereducation.com
- "Bulgaria: University Ranking". Times Higher Education. Archived from the original on 6 September 2017. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Study in Bulgaria". Times Higher Education. Archived from the original on 20 May 2018. Retrieved 20 May 2018.
transparency.org
- "Corruption Perceptions Index: Transparency International". Transparency International. 2017. Archived from the original on 21 February 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
tudelft.nl
delta.tudelft.nl
- McMullin, David (2 October 2003). "The Great Bulgarian BrainDrain". Delft Technical University. Archived from the original on 17 November 2019. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
uefa.com
- "Club Coefficients". UEFA. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
un.org
data.un.org
- "Bulgaria – Environmental Summary, UNData, United Nations". United Nations. Archived from the original on 22 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Bulgaria – Economic Summary, UNData, United Nations". United Nations. Archived from the original on 22 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
undp.org
hdr.undp.org
- "Human Development Report 2023/24" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. Retrieved 13 March 2024.
- "Human Development Index Report" (PDF). United Nations. 2005. p. 224. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 March 2011. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
unesco-bg.org
- Видово разнообразие на България [Species biodiversity in Bulgaria] (PDF) (in Bulgarian). UNESCO report. 2013. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
unesco.org
unesco.org
- "Europe & North America: 297 biosphere reserves in 36 countries". UNESCO. Archived from the original on 5 August 2015. Retrieved 4 April 2016.
ich.unesco.org
- "Nestinarstvo, messages from the past: the Panagyr of Saints Constantine and Helena in the village of Bulgari". UNESCO. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
whc.unesco.org
- "Bulgaria – Profile". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
unfccc.int
- "Bulgaria Second National Communication" (PDF). United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
unicef.org
- "Education in Bulgaria" (PDF). UNICEF. 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 23 March 2013.
usaid.gov
- "Bulgaria Overview". USAID. 2002. Archived from the original on 10 July 2011. Retrieved 2 November 2011.
vesti.bg
- "Дойче веле": Тодор Живков искал България да стане член на ЕС ["Deutsche Welle": Todor Zhivkov wanted Bulgaria to join the EC]. Vesti (in Bulgarian). 3 September 2008. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
visionofhumanity.org
- "Global Peace Index 2019" (PDF). Institute for Economics and Peace. pp. 8, 41, 96. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 August 2019. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
washingtonpost.com
- Barzachka, Nina (25 April 2017). "Bulgaria's government will include far-right nationalist parties for the first time". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
web.archive.org
- "Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria". National Assembly of the Republic of Bulgaria. Archived from the original on 19 August 2019. Retrieved 30 August 2020.
- "Преброяване 2021: Етнокултурна характеристика на населението" [2021 Census: Ethnocultural characteristics of the population] (PDF). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 November 2022.
- "Field listing: Area". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 31 January 2014. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
- "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Bulgaria)". International Monetary Fund. 10 October 2023. Archived from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2023.
- "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey". ec.europa.eu. Eurostat. Archived from the original on 20 March 2019. Retrieved 25 November 2023.
- Bowersock, Glen W. (1999). Late Antiquity: a Guide to the Postclassical World. Harvard University Press. p. 354. ISBN 978-0-674-51173-6. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Petersen, Leif Inge Ree (2013). Siege Warfare and Military Organization in the Successor States (400–800 AD): Byzantium, the West and Islam. Brill. p. 369. ISBN 978-9004254466. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Gimbutas, Marija A. (1974). The Gods and Goddesses of Old Europe: 7000 to 3500 BC Myths, Legends and Cult Images. University of California Press. pp. 29–32. ISBN 978-0-520-01995-9. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Roberts, Benjamin W.; Thornton, Christopher P. (2009). "Development of metallurgy in Eurasia". Antiquity. 83 (322). Department of Prehistory and Europe, British Museum: 1015. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00099312. S2CID 163062746. Archived from the original on 15 January 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
In contrast, the earliest exploitation and working of gold occurs in the Balkans during the mid-fifth millennium BC, several centuries after the earliest known copper smelting. This is demonstrated most spectacularly in the various objects adorning the burials at Varna, Bulgaria (Renfrew 1986; Highamet al. 2007). In contrast, the earliest gold objects found in Southwest Asia date only to the beginning of the fourth millennium BC as at Nahal Qanah in Israel (Golden 2009), suggesting that gold exploitation may have been a Southeast European invention, albeit a short-lived one.
- de Laet, Sigfried J. (1996). History of Humanity: From the Third Millennium to the Seventh Century BC. UNESCO / Routledge. p. 99. ISBN 978-92-3-102811-3. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
The first major gold-working centre was situated at the mouth of the Danube, on the shores of the Black Sea in Bulgaria
- Grande, Lance (2009). Gems and Gemstones: Timeless Natural Beauty of the Mineral World. University of Chicago Press. p. 292. ISBN 978-0-226-30511-0. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
The oldest known gold jewelry in the world is from an archaeological site in Varna Necropolis, Bulgaria, and is over 6,000 years old (radiocarbon dated between 4,600 BC and 4,200 BC).
- Anthony, David W.; Chi, Jennifer, eds. (2010). The Lost World of Old Europe: The Danube Valley, 5000–3500 BC. Institute for the Study of the Ancient World. pp. 39, 201. ISBN 978-0-691-14388-0. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
grave 43 at the Varna cemetery, the richest single grave from Old Europe, dated about 4600–4500 BC.
- "The Gumelnita Culture". Government of France. Archived from the original on 13 October 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
The Necropolis at Varna is an important site in understanding this culture.
- "Bulgaria Factbook". United States Central Command. December 2011. Archived from the original on 18 October 2011. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
- Schoenberger, Erica (2015). Nature, Choice and Social Power. Routledge. p. 81. ISBN 978-0-415-83386-8. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
The graves at Varna range from poor to richly endowed, suggesting a rather high degree of social differentiation. Their discovery has led to a re-evaluation of the form of social organization characteristic of the Varna culture and of the onset of social stratification in Neolithic cultures.
- "Bulgar". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Boardman, John; Edwards, I.E.S.; Sollberger, E. (1982). The Cambridge Ancient History – part 1: The Prehistory of the Balkans, the Middle East and the Aegean World, Tenth to Eighth Centuries BC. Vol. 3. Cambridge University Press. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-521-22496-3. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
Yet we cannot identify the Thracians at that remote period, because we do not know for certain whether the Thracian and Illyrian tribes had separated by then. It is safer to speak of Proto-Thracians from whom there developed in the Iron Age
- Allcock, John B. "Balkans". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 17 May 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2018.
- Kidner, Frank (2013). Making Europe: The Story of the West. Cengage Learning. p. 57. ISBN 978-1-111-84131-7. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Ashley, James R. (1998). The Macedonian Empire: The Era of Warfare Under Philip II and Alexander the Great, 359–323 B.C. McFarland & Company, Inc. pp. 139–140. ISBN 978-0-7864-1918-0. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- O Hogain, Daithi (2002). The Celts: A History. The Boydell Press. pp. 69–71. ISBN 978-0-85115-923-2. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Gagarin, Michael, ed. (2010). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press. p. 55. ISBN 978-0-19-517072-6. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- "Ulfilas". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 18 August 2018. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- Bell, John D. "The Beginnings of Modern Bulgaria". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 17 September 2018. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
- Singleton, Fred; Fred, Singleton (1985). A Short History of the Yugoslav Peoples. Cambridge University Press. pp. 13–14. ISBN 978-0-521-27485-2. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Fouracre, Paul; McKitterick, Rosamond; Reuter, Timothy; Abulafia, David; Luscombe, David Edward; Allmand, C.T.; Riley-Smith, Jonathan; Jones, Michael (1995). The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume 1, c. 500 – c. 700. Cambridge University Press. p. 524. ISBN 978-0-521-36291-7. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Curta, Florin (2001). The Making of the Slavs: History and Archaeology of the Lower Danube Region, c. 500–700 (PDF). Cambridge University Press. pp. 311–334. ISBN 978-1-139-42888-0. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 March 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
- Wolfram, Herwig (1990). History of the Goths. University of California Press. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-520-06983-1. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Zlatarski, Vasil (1938). Istorija 1A – b1 – 1 История на Първото българско Царство. I. Епоха на хуно–българското надмощие (679–852) [History of the First Bulgarian Empire. Period of Hunnic-Bulgarian domination (679–852)] (in Bulgarian). Marin Drinov Publishing House. p. 188. ISBN 978-9544302986. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 23 May 2012.
- Fine, John Van Antwerp (1991). The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. University of Michigan Press. pp. 68–70. ISBN 978-0-472-08149-3. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
- Vlasto, Alexis P. (1970). The Entry of the Slavs Into Christendom: An Introduction to the Medieval History of the Slavs. Cambridge University Press. p. 157. ISBN 978-0-521-07459-9. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- "Krum". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Bell, John D. "The Spread of Christianity". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 24 July 2015. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Bell, John D. "Reign of Simeon I". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 24 July 2015. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
Bulgaria's conversion had a political dimension, for it contributed both to the growth of central authority and to the merging of Bulgars and Slavs into a unified Bulgarian people.
- The First Golden Age. "The First Golden Age". Chapter 1. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 13 October 2012.
- "Samuel". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 29 January 2008. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
- Bell, John D. "Bulgaria – Second Bulgarian Empire". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
- Martin, Michael (2017). City of the Sun: Development and Popular Resistance in the Pre-Modern West. Algora Publishing. p. 344. ISBN 978-1-62894-279-8. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Bell, John D. "Bulgaria – Ottoman rule". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 21 December 2011.
The Bulgarian nobility was destroyed—its members either perished, fled, or accepted Islam and Turkicization—and the peasantry was enserfed to Turkish masters.
- Guineva, Maria (10 October 2011). "Old Town Sozopol – Bulgaria's 'Rescued' Miracle and Its Modern Day Saviors". Novinite. Archived from the original on 18 March 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
- Jireček, K.J. (1876). Geschichte der Bulgaren [History of the Bulgarians] (in German). Nachdr. d. Ausg. Prag. p. 88. ISBN 978-3-487-06408-6. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Minkov, Anton (2004). Conversion to Islam in the Balkans: Kisve Bahası – Petitions and Ottoman Social Life, 1670–1730. Brill. p. 193. ISBN 978-9004135765. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Detrez, Raymond (2008). Europe and the Historical Legacies in the Balkans. Peter Lang Publishers. p. 36. ISBN 978-9052013749. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Roudometof, Victor; Robertson, Roland (2001). Nationalism, Globalization, and Orthodoxy: The Social Origins of Ethnic Conflict in the Balkans. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 68–71. ISBN 978-0-313-31949-5. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Carvalho, Joaquim (2007). Religion and Power in Europe: Conflict and Convergence. Edizioni Plus. p. 261. ISBN 978-8884924643. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Bell, John D. "Bulgaria – Ottoman administration". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
- The Final Move to Independence. "The Final Move to Independence". The Bulgarian Independence Movement. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- "Reminiscence from Days of Liberation". Novinite. 3 March 2011. Archived from the original on 16 June 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Shipka Pass". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 10 May 2022. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- San Stefano, Berlin and Independence. "San Stefano, Berlin, and Independence". The Bulgarian Independence Movement. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- "On March 3 Bulgaria celebrates National Liberation Day". Radio Bulgaria. 3 March 2017. Archived from the original on 21 October 2021. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
- "Timeline: Bulgaria – A chronology of key events". BBC News. 6 May 2010. Archived from the original on 7 March 2015. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- Pinon, Rene (1913). L'Europe et la Jeune Turquie: Les Aspects Nouveaux de la Question d'Orient [Europe and Young Turkey: The new aspects of the Eastern Question] (in French). Perrin et cie. p. 411. ISBN 978-1-144-41381-9. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
On a dit souvent de la Bulgarie qu'elle est la Prusse des Balkans
- Tucker, Spencer C; Wood, Laura (1996). The European Powers in the First World War: An Encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis. p. 173. ISBN 978-0-8153-0399-2. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Broadberry, Stephen; Klein, Alexander (8 February 2008). "Aggregate and Per Capita GDP in Europe, 1870–2000: Continental, Regional and National Data with Changing Boundaries" (PDF). Centre for Economic Policy Research. p. 18. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 June 2012. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
- "WWI Casualty and Death Tables". PBS. Archived from the original on 3 October 2016. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Mintchev, Veselin (October 1999). "External Migration in Bulgaria". South-East Europe Review (3/99): 124. Archived from the original on 17 January 2013. Retrieved 6 August 2018.
- Chenoweth, Erica (2010). Rethinking Violence: States and Non-State Actors in Conflict. Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-262-01420-5. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Bulgaria in World War II: The Passive Alliance. "Bulgaria in World War II: The Passive Alliance". World War II. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- Wartime Crisis. "Wartime Crisis". World War II. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- Pavlowitch, Stevan K. (2008). Hitler's New Disorder: The Second World War in Yugoslavia. Columbia University Press. pp. 238–240. ISBN 978-0-19-932663-1. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
When Bulgaria switched sides in September
- The Soviet Occupation. "The Soviet Occupation". World War II. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
- Stankova, Marietta (2015). Bulgaria in British Foreign Policy, 1943–1949. Anthem Press. p. 99. ISBN 978-1-78308-430-2. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Neuburger, Mary C. (2013). Balkan Smoke: Tobacco and the Making of Modern Bulgaria. Cornell University Press. p. 162. ISBN 978-0-8014-5084-6. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Domestic Policy and Its ResultsQuote: "real wages increased 75 percent, consumption of meat, fruit, and vegetables increased markedly, medical facilities and doctors became available to more of the population" "Domestic Policy and Its Results". Communist Consolidation. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- After Stalin. "After Stalin". Communist Consolidation. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 24 April 2012.
- The Economy. "The Economy". Chapter 3. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- Stephen Broadberry; Alexander Klein (27 October 2011). "Aggregate and per capita GDP in Europe, 1870–2000" (PDF). pp. 23, 27. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 May 2013. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
- The Political Atmosphere in the 1970s. "The Political Atmosphere in the 1970s". The Zhivkov Era. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- Bulgaria in the 1980s. "Bulgaria in the 1980s". The Zhivkov Era. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
- Bohlen, Celestine (17 October 1991). "Vote Gives Key Role to Ethnic Turks". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 11 May 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
in 1980s ... the Communist leader, Todor Zhivkov, began a campaign of cultural assimilation that forced ethnic Turks to adopt Slavic names, closed their mosques and prayer houses and suppressed any attempts at protest. One result was the mass exodus of more than 300,000 ethnic Turks to neighboring Turkey in 1989
- Mudeva, Anna (31 May 2009). "Cracks show in Bulgaria's Muslim ethnic model". Reuters. Archived from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2011.
- Government and Politics. "Government and Politics". Chapter 4. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- "Bulgarian Politicians Discuss First Democratic Elections 20y After". Novinite. 5 July 2010. Archived from the original on 10 December 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "National Assembly of the Republic of Bulgaria – Constitution". www.parliament.bg. Archived from the original on 26 May 2022. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
- Prodanov, Vasil (1 October 2007). Разрушителният български преход [The destructive Bulgarian transition]. Le Monde diplomatique (in Bulgarian). Archived from the original on 6 February 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- Library of Congress 2006, p. 16. Curtis, Glenn (20 October 2006). Country Profile: Bulgaria (PDF) (Report). Federal Research Division. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2024 – via Library of Congress.
- "Human Development Index Report" (PDF). United Nations. 2005. p. 224. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 March 2011. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "NATO Update: Seven new members join NATO". NATO. 29 March 2004. Archived from the original on 15 March 2014. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- Castle, Steven (29 December 2006). "The Big Question: With Romania and Bulgaria joining the EU, how much bigger can it get?". The Independent. Archived from the original on 16 November 2019. Retrieved 14 September 2018.
- "Bulgaria Absolutely Ready to Take Over EU Presidency, Minister Says". Bulgarian Telegraph Agency. 2 August 2017. Archived from the original on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
- Library of Congress 2006, p. 4. Curtis, Glenn (20 October 2006). Country Profile: Bulgaria (PDF) (Report). Federal Research Division. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2024 – via Library of Congress.
- Topography. "Topography". The Society and its Environment. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- Climate. "Climate". The Society and its Environment. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- "Характеристика на флората и растителността на България". Bulgarian-Swiss Program For Biodiversity. Archived from the original on 27 April 2013. Retrieved 21 March 2013.
- Belev, Toma (June 2010). "Бъдещето на природните паркове в България и техните администрации" [The future of Bulgaria's natural parks and their administrations]. Gora Magazine. Archived from the original on 2 November 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Europe & North America: 297 biosphere reserves in 36 countries". UNESCO. Archived from the original on 5 August 2015. Retrieved 4 April 2016.
- "Bulgaria's biodiversity at risk" (PDF). IUCN Red List. 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 May 2015. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
- Bell, John D. "Bulgaria: Plant and animal life". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 28 August 2023. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Bulgaria – Environmental Summary, UNData, United Nations". United Nations. Archived from the original on 22 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Biodiversity in Bulgaria". GRID-Arendal. Archived from the original on 30 April 2016. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
- "Report on European Environment Agency about the Nature protection and biodiversity in Europe". European Environment Agency. Archived from the original on 22 March 2014. Retrieved 16 October 2018.
- "Bulgaria Achieves Kyoto Protocol Targets – IWR Report". Novinite. 11 August 2009. Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Bulgaria". Environmental Performance Index/Yale University. Archived from the original on 22 April 2020. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
- "High Air Pollution to Close Downtown Sofia". Novinite. 14 January 2008. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Bulgaria's Sofia, Plovdiv Suffer Worst Air Pollution in Europe". Novinite. 23 June 2010. Archived from the original on 11 May 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Industrial facilities causing the highest damage costs to health and the environment". European Environment Agency. Archived from the original on 12 December 2018. Retrieved 25 November 2014.
- "Bulgaria's quest to meet the environmental acquis". European Stability Initiative. 10 December 2008. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Report on European Environment Agency about the quality of freshwaters in Europe". European Environment Agency. Archived from the original on 16 April 2014. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
- "Overview of direct democratic instruments in Bulgaria". Navigator to Direct Democracy. Archived from the original on 16 January 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2018.
- Library of Congress 2006, p. 17. Curtis, Glenn (20 October 2006). Country Profile: Bulgaria (PDF) (Report). Federal Research Division. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2024 – via Library of Congress.
- Library of Congress 2006, pp. 16–17. Curtis, Glenn (20 October 2006). Country Profile: Bulgaria (PDF) (Report). Federal Research Division. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2024 – via Library of Congress.
- "Fitch: Early Bulgaria Elections Would Create Fiscal Uncertainty". Reuters. 23 November 2016. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
- "Bulgarian Cabinet Faces No-Confidence Vote Over Atomic Plant". Bloomberg Businessweek. 6 April 2012. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 1 June 2012.
- Cage, Sam. "Bulgarian government resigns amid growing protests". Yahoo! News. Archived from the original on 8 March 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
- Petkova, Mariya (21 February 2013). "Protests in Bulgaria and the new practice of democracy". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 22 June 2013. Retrieved 7 March 2013.
- Tsolova, Tsvetelia (12 May 2013). "Rightist GERB holds lead in Bulgaria's election". Reuters. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
- "PM Hopeful: New Bulgarian Cabinet Will Be 'Expert, Pragmatic'". Novinite. 25 May 2013. Archived from the original on 13 March 2014. Retrieved 12 March 2014.
- Seiler, Bistra (26 June 2013). "Bulgarians protest government of 'oligarchs'". Deutsche Welle. Archived from the original on 10 June 2015. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Timeline of Oresharski's Cabinet: A Government in Constant Jeopardy". Novinite. 24 July 2014. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 29 July 2014.
- Petrov, Angel (6 October 2014). "Bulgaria's Grand Parliament Chessboard Might Be Both Ailment and Cure". Novinite. Archived from the original on 7 September 2020. Retrieved 7 October 2014.
- Tsolova, Tsvetelia (6 November 2014). "Bulgaria's Borisov plasters together coalition government". Reuters. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Barzachka, Nina (25 April 2017). "Bulgaria's government will include far-right nationalist parties for the first time". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
- Todorov, Svetoslav (10 July 2020). "Fresh Protest Wave Gains Momentum in Bulgaria." Archived 16 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine BalkanInsight.com. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
- "Bulgaria: Anti-Government Protests Continue for a Ninth Day" Archived 16 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine (18 July 2020). DW.com. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
- "Bulgaria election: PM Borissov's party wins but falls short of majority | DW | 05.04.2021". Deutsche Welle. Archived from the original on 27 April 2022. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
- "Reuters". Reuters. May 2021. Archived from the original on 8 May 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
- "Bulgaria faces fresh elections as Socialists refuse to form a government". Reuters. 2 September 2021. Archived from the original on 5 September 2021. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- "Bulgaria's parliament elects new government led by PM Denkov". Reuters. 6 June 2023. Archived from the original on 10 June 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
- Zankina, Emilia. "Bulgaria Country Profile". Freedom House. Archived from the original on 24 July 2018. Retrieved 24 July 2018.
- "Democracy Index 2017: Free speech under attack". The Economist Intelligence Unit. Archived from the original on 31 January 2018. Retrieved 24 July 2018.
- "Global Peace Index 2019" (PDF). Institute for Economics and Peace. pp. 8, 41, 96. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 August 2019. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
- "The Bulgarian Legal System and Legal Research". Hauser Global Law School Program. August 2006. Archived from the original on 7 August 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Съдебната ни система – първенец по корупция [Our justice system – a leader in corruption] (in Bulgarian). News.bg. 3 June 2010. Archived from the original on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Brunwasser, Matthew (5 November 2006). "Questions arise again about Bulgaria's legal system". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2 August 2013. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Transparency International report: Bulgaria perceived as EU's most corrupt country". Bulgarian National Radio. 1 December 2012. Archived from the original on 1 November 2012. Retrieved 23 May 2012.
- Konstantinova, Elizabeth (17 February 2011). "Bulgaria Sets Up Anti-Corruption Unit; Security Chief Steps Down". Bloomberg.com. Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 28 July 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Interpol entry on Bulgaria". Interpol. Archived from the original on 27 April 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "National Police Service". Ministry of the Interior of Bulgaria. Archived from the original on 3 October 2012. Retrieved 25 May 2012.
- Справка за щатната численост и незаетите бройки в структурите на МВР към 31 May 2018 г. [Summary of staff and vacancies in structures of the Ministry of the Interior as of 31 May 2018] (PDF) (in Bulgarian). Ministry of the Interior. 31 May 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
- "State Agency for National Security Official Website". State Agency for National Security. Archived from the original on 19 December 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Local Structures in Bulgaria". Council of European Municipalities and Regions. Archived from the original on 4 June 2012. Retrieved 11 April 2012.
- Историческо развитие на административно–териториалното устройство на Република България [Historical development of the administrative and territorial division of the Republic of Bulgaria] (in Bulgarian). Ministry of Regional Development. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Областите в България. Портрети" [The oblasts in Bulgaria. Portraits]. Ministry of Regional Development. Archived from the original on 19 June 2012. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "The United Nations Security Council". The Green Papers Worldwide. Archived from the original on 8 November 2017. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- Бай Тошовият блян – България в ЕС през '87 [Todor Zhivkov's dream – Bulgaria in the EC in '87] (in Bulgarian). Dnes.bg. 15 August 2008. Archived from the original on 26 January 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Дойче веле": Тодор Живков искал България да стане член на ЕС ["Deutsche Welle": Todor Zhivkov wanted Bulgaria to join the EC]. Vesti (in Bulgarian). 3 September 2008. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "European Commission Enlargement Archives: Treaty of Accession of Bulgaria and Romania". European Commission. 25 April 2005. Archived from the original on 19 February 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Bulgaria – relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Greece. Archived from the original on 5 February 2012. Retrieved 31 March 2012.
- "Bulgaria – Bilateral Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the PRC. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Vietnam Thanks Bulgaria for University Graduates". Novinite. 28 October 2010. Archived from the original on 3 December 2011. Retrieved 31 March 2012.
- "Russia's borders: old ties pull Bulgaria in two directions". The Conversation. 22 October 2014. Archived from the original on 13 January 2022. Retrieved 13 January 2022.
Modern relations between Bulgaria and Russia began about two centuries ago...
- Arms Sales. "Arms Sales". National Security. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- Foreign Affairs in the 1960s and 1970s. "Foreign Affairs in the 1960s and 1970s". The Zhivkov Era. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- "Bulgaria Factbook". Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 18 March 2022. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- "US, Bulgaria sign defence co-operation agreement". Southeast European Times. 28 April 2006. Archived from the original on 25 January 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Bulgaria's Parliament votes additional military aid for Ukraine, possibility of air space for F-16 training". 8 December 2023. Archived from the original on 9 December 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
- "Bulgaria Strikes Back After Gazprom Suspended Gas Supplies Last Year". 26 October 2023. Archived from the original on 9 December 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
- "Armed Forces Development Plan" (PDF). Ministry of Defence of Bulgaria. 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 June 2012. Retrieved 31 March 2012.
- Palowski, Jakub (6 October 2015). "Bulgaria Will Modernize Its Army. "Fighters, infantry fighting vehicles"". Defence24. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
- "S-300 Surface-to-air Missile System" (PDF). Aerospace Daily & Defense Report. 6 August 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
- Roblin, Sebastien (12 September 2016). "SS-21 Scarab: Russia's Forgotten (But Deadly) Ballistic Missile". The National Interest. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
- "Ракети, радари, бронирани машини. Как България се разбърза да превъоръжи армията заради агресията на Русия". Свободна Европа (in Bulgarian). 12 September 2023. Archived from the original on 22 September 2023. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
- "World Bank Country and Lending Groups". The World Bank Group. 2018. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Bulgaria Overview". USAID. 2002. Archived from the original on 10 July 2011. Retrieved 2 November 2011.
- Bell, John D. "Bulgaria – Late Communist rule". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
Bulgaria gave the highest priority to scientific and technological advancement and the development of trade skills appropriate to an industrial state. In 1948 approximately 80 percent of the population drew their living from the soil, but by 1988 less than one-fifth of the labour force was engaged in agriculture, with the rest concentrated in industry and the service sector.
- "The economies of Bulgaria and Romania". European Commission. January 2007. Archived from the original on 25 January 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- OECD Economic Surveys: Bulgaria. OECD. 1999. p. 24. ISBN 9789264167735. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
The previous 1997 Economic Survey of Bulgaria documented how a combination of difficult initial conditions, delays in structural reforms, ... culminated in the economic crisis of 1996–97.
- "Field listing: Budget". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- Denizova, Vera (23 October 2017). Бюджет 2018: Повече за заплати, здраве и пенсии [2018 Budget: More for salaries, health and pensions] (in Bulgarian). Kapital Daily. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- "Field listing: Taxes and other revenue". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 16 July 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- "These are the 29 countries with the world's lowest levels of tax". Business Insider. 15 March 2016. Archived from the original on 8 January 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- "Structure of Bulgarian Tax System". Ministry of Finance of Bulgaria. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- "Брутен държавен дълг". www.nsi.bg. Archived from the original on 6 December 2023. Retrieved 10 February 2024.
- "Regional gross domestic product (PPS per inhabitant), by NUTS 2 regions". Eurostat. Archived from the original on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
- БВП – регионално ниво [GDP – regional level] (in Bulgarian). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. Archived from the original on 20 July 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
- "GDP per capita in PPS". ec.europa.eu/eurostat. Eurostat. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
- "Comparative price levels". ec.europa.eu/eurostat. Eurostat. Archived from the original on 18 December 2020. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
- "Bulgaria". International Monetary Fund. Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
- "EU: Countries to Begin Counting Drugs, Prostitution in Economic Growth". Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project. 9 September 2014. Archived from the original on 17 November 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- "Shadow Economy" (PDF). Eurostat. 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 November 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2012.
- Курсове на българския лев към еврото и към валутите на държавите, приели еврото [Exchange rates of the lev to the euro and Eurozone currencies replaced by the euro] (in Bulgarian). Bulgarian National Bank. Archived from the original on 5 June 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2018.
- "Bulgaria: GDP growth (annual %)". The World Bank. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Bulgaria: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)". The World Bank. 2018. Archived from the original on 10 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Harizanova, Tanya (17 June 2010). "Inter-company debt – one of Bulgarian economy's serious problems". Bulgarian National Radio. Archived from the original on 1 November 2012. Retrieved 10 July 2012.
- Бизнесът очерта уникална диспропорция в България [Business points to a major disproportion in Bulgaria] (in Bulgarian). Dir.bg. 14 January 2013. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "ITUC Frontlines Report 2012: Section on Bulgaria". Novinite. 10 October 2012. Archived from the original on 20 October 2012. Retrieved 10 October 2012.
- "Bulgaria, Romania Rapped for Public Procurement Fraud". Novinite. 21 July 2010. Archived from the original on 16 July 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- Center for the Study of Democracy (2007). Anti-corruption Reforms in Bulgaria: Key Results and Risks. Center for the Study of Democracy. p. 44. ISBN 9789544771461. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- "Corruption Perceptions Index: Transparency International". Transparency International. 2017. Archived from the original on 21 February 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- Rankin, Jennifer (28 December 2017). "Cloud of corruption hangs over Bulgaria as it takes up EU presidency". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 25 May 2022. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
- "Bulgarian border officers suspended over airport security lapse". Reuters. 24 March 2018. Archived from the original on 16 April 2022. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
- Macdonald, Alastair (11 January 2018). "Bulgaria savors EU embrace despite critics". Reuters. Archived from the original on 30 April 2022. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
- Krasimirov, Angel (17 January 2018). "Bulgaria's government faces no-confidence vote over corruption". Reuters. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
- "US State Dept criticises Bulgaria on prisons, judiciary, corruption, people-trafficking and violence against minorities". The Sofia Globe. 21 April 2018. Archived from the original on 6 November 2020. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
- 10 млрд. лв. годишно се харчат с обществени поръчки [10 bln. leva are spent on public procurement every year]. 24 Chasa (in Bulgarian). 21 February 2016. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
- Stanchev, Ivaylo (29 December 2017). Рекорд при обществените поръчки: открити са търгове за почти 14 млрд. лв. [A record in public procurement: tenders worth nearly 14 billion lv unveiled] (in Bulgarian). Kapital Daily. Archived from the original on 10 May 2022. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- "Field listing: Labor force". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 7 March 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
- "Field listing: Labor force by occupation". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
- Bell, John D. "Bulgaria – Manufacturing". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 10 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Field listing: Industries". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 18 December 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
- "Bulgaria: Selling off steel". Oxford Business Group. 31 August 2011. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Mining Industry Accounts for 5% of Bulgaria's GDP – Energy Minister". Novinite. 29 August 2015. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- "Bulgaria's ore exports rise 10% in H1 2011 – industry group". The Sofia Echo. 18 August 2011. Archived from the original on 16 March 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Total Primary Coal Production (Thousand Short Tons)". U.S. Energy Information Administration. Archived from the original on 27 April 2017. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Resource Base. "Resource Base". The Economy. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- "Bulgaria – Natural conditions, farming traditions and agricultural structures". Food and Agriculture Organization. Archived from the original on 28 March 2008. Retrieved 2 November 2011.
- "Bulgaria – Economic Summary, UNData, United Nations". United Nations. Archived from the original on 22 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Experts: Bumper Year for Wheat Producers in Dobrich Region". Bulgarian Telegraph Agency. 4 August 2017. Archived from the original on 21 January 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- Bell, John D. "Bulgaria – Agriculture". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 10 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Ivanova, Miglena (31 May 2017). "Bulgarian rose oil keeps its top place on world market". Bulgarian National Radio. Archived from the original on 16 April 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- "Bulgaria is Again the World's First Producer of Lavender Oil". Novinite. 30 November 2017. Archived from the original on 30 April 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- "Bulgaria tops lavender oil production, outpacing France". Fox News. 16 July 2014. Archived from the original on 12 September 2018. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
- "Europe (without the euro)". The Guardian. 20 April 2009. Archived from the original on 31 October 2013. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- Bell, John D. "Bulgaria – Tourism". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 10 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Посещения на чужденци в България по месеци и по страни [Arrivals of foreigners in 2017 by month and country of origin] (in Bulgarian). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 15 February 2019. Archived from the original on 5 June 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
- Markov, Alexander (3 October 2011). "100 Tourist Sites of Bulgaria". Bulgarian National Radio. Archived from the original on 15 December 2019. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
- "EU Presidency Puts Lagging Bulgarian Science in the Spotlight". Novinite. 22 March 2018. Archived from the original on 15 July 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
- "R&D Spending in Bulgaria Up in 2015, Mostly Driven by Businesses". Novinite. 31 October 2016. Archived from the original on 2 February 2020. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
- "The 2015 Bloomberg Innovation Index". Bloomberg.com. Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 25 December 2019. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
- WIPO. "Global Innovation Index 2023, 15th Edition". www.wipo.int. doi:10.34667/tind.46596. Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
- St. Kliment Ohridski Base. Archived 19 March 2014 at the Wayback Machine SCAR Composite Antarctic Gazetteer
- Ivanov, Lyubomir (2015). General Geography and History of Livingston Island. Archived 8 July 2015 at the Wayback Machine In: Bulgarian Antarctic Research: A Synthesis. Eds. C. Pimpirev and N. Chipev. Sofia: St. Kliment Ohridski University Press. pp. 17–28. ISBN 978-954-07-3939-7
- "Bulgaria's ICT Sector Turnover Trebled over Last Seven Years – Deputy Economy Minister". Bulgarian Telegraph Agency. 12 March 2018. Archived from the original on 17 November 2019. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
- McMullin, David (2 October 2003). "The Great Bulgarian BrainDrain". Delft Technical University. Archived from the original on 17 November 2019. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
- Petrov, Victor (30 September 2021). "Socialist Cyborgs". Archived from the original on 17 September 2021.
- Zapryanov, Yoan (22 June 2018). Малката изчислителна армия на България [Bulgaria's small computing army] (in Bulgarian). Kapital Daily. Archived from the original on 17 November 2019. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
- "Digital Single Market: Europe announces eight sites to host world-class supercomputers". European Commission. 7 June 2019. Archived from the original on 11 August 2019. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
- Burgess, Colin; Vis, Bert (2016). Interkosmos: The Eastern Bloc's Early Space Program. Springer. pp. 247–250. ISBN 978-3-319-24161-6. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- "Cosmonauts Eager, Hopeful for Reboot of Bulgaria's Space Program". Novinite. 17 April 2011. Archived from the original on 15 August 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
- Harland, David M.; Ulivi, Paolo (2009). Robotic Exploration of the Solar System: Part 2: Hiatus and Renewal, 1983–1996. Springer. p. 155. ISBN 978-0-387-78904-0. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Dimitrova, Milena (2008). Златните десятилетия на българската електроника [The Golden Decades of Bulgarian Electronics]. Trud. pp. 257–258. ISBN 9789545288456. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Badescu, Viorel; Zacny, Kris (2015). Inner Solar System: Prospective Energy and Material Resources. Springer. p. 276. ISBN 978-3-319-19568-1. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Semkova, Jordanka; Dachev, Tsvetan (2015). "Radiation environment investigations during ExoMars missions to Mars – objectives, experiments and instrumentation". Comptes Rendus de l'Académie Bulgare des Sciences. 47 (25): 485–496. ISSN 1310-1331. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 6 August 2018.
- "Radiation Dose Monitor Experiment (RADOM)". ISRO. Archived from the original on 19 January 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Bulgarian Camera Flies to the Moon". Darik News. 22 March 2019. Archived from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.
- "BulgariaSat-1 Mission". SpaceX. Archived from the original on 17 November 2019. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
- Library of Congress 2006, p. 14. Curtis, Glenn (20 October 2006). Country Profile: Bulgaria (PDF) (Report). Federal Research Division. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2024 – via Library of Congress.
- "Bulgaria Opens Tender for Fourth Mobile Operator". Novinite. 3 October 2011. Archived from the original on 17 November 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Individuals regularly using the Internet (Every day or at least once a week)". National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 27 February 2021. Archived from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
- "Households with Internet access at home". National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 27 February 2021. Archived from the original on 11 August 2020. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
- "Energy Hub". Oxford Business Group. 13 October 2008. Archived from the original on 28 July 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- Krasimirov, Angel (7 June 2018). "Bulgaria must work to restart Belene nuclear project: parliament". Reuters. Archived from the original on 24 October 2018. Retrieved 24 October 2018.
- "Bulgaria – Power Generation". International Trade Administration. Archived from the original on 15 June 2018. Retrieved 15 June 2018.
- "Country comparison: Total road length". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 7 September 2017. Retrieved 15 June 2018.
- "Trains in Bulgaria". EuRail. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- National Statistical Institute (2022). "Population by Ethnic Group, Statistical Regions, Districts and Municipalities as of 07/09/2021". Archived from the original on 12 February 2023. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
- National Statistical Institute (24 November 2022). "Ethno-Cultural Characteristics of the Bulgarian Population as at 7 September 2021" (PDF) (in Bulgarian). Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
- "Population and demographic processes in 2022" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 April 2023. Retrieved 18 May 2023.
- NSI Census data 2011, p. 3. Преброяване 2011 (окончателни данни) [Final Results of the 2011 census] (PDF) (in Bulgarian). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 December 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
- "Bulgarians unfazed by anti-Roma hate speech from deputy prime minister". Deutsche Welle. 31 October 2017. Archived from the original on 2 November 2019. Retrieved 2 November 2019.
- "Field listing: Ethnic Groups". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 21 November 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
- "Population density (people per sq. km of land area)". The World Bank. 2018. Archived from the original on 12 September 2018. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
- "World Bank: The demographic crisis is Bulgaria's most serious problem". Klassa. 15 November 2012. Archived from the original on 7 May 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2013.
- "Demographic crisis in Bulgaria deepening". Bulgarian National Radio. 12 March 2012. Archived from the original on 5 November 2013. Retrieved 8 April 2013.
- "Will EU Entry Shrink Bulgaria's Population Even More?". Deutsche Welle. 26 December 2006. Archived from the original on 10 May 2022. Retrieved 11 April 2016.
- Roth, Klaus; Lauth Bacas, Jutta (2004). Migration In, From, and to Southeastern Europe. The British Library. p. 188. ISBN 978-3-643-10896-8. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- "Eurostat – Tables, Graphs and Maps Interface (TGM) table". Eurostat. 17 October 2013. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 25 February 2014.
- "Population and Demographic Processes in 2018". Nsi.bg. Archived from the original on 15 July 2020. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
- Max Roser (2014), "Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries", Our World In Data, Gapminder Foundation, archived from the original on 10 May 2022, retrieved 6 May 2019
- This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: "World Factbook EUROPE : BULGARIA", The World Factbook, 12 July 2018, archived from the original on 20 April 2021, retrieved 23 January 2021
- "Country Comparison: Population growth rate". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 10 March 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- "Country Comparison: Birth rate". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 15 June 2013. Retrieved 8 April 2013.
- "Country Comparison: Death rate". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 15 June 2013. Retrieved 8 April 2013.
- "The best countries in Europe for women to work". Yahoo! Finance. 6 March 2021. Archived from the original on 7 March 2021. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
- "Girls and women under-represented in ICT". Eurostat. 25 April 2018. Archived from the original on 7 July 2019. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
- Guineva, Maria (7 January 2013). "The Bulgaria 2012 Review: Health and Healthcare". Novinite. Archived from the original on 17 January 2013. Retrieved 21 February 2013.
- Miller, Lee J (19 September 2018). "These Are the Economies With the Most (and Least) Efficient Health Care". Bloomberg.com. Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 24 April 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2018.
- "Country Comparison: Life Expectancy". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 1 February 2019. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
- "Life expectancy at birth, total (years)". The World Bank. 2019. Archived from the original on 15 December 2019. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
- "Education in Bulgaria" (PDF). UNICEF. 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 23 March 2013.
- Library of Congress 2006, p. 6. Curtis, Glenn (20 October 2006). Country Profile: Bulgaria (PDF) (Report). Federal Research Division. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2024 – via Library of Congress.
- Dimitrov, Deyan (3 December 2019). "PISA 2018: Българските ученици покоряват ново дъно" [PISA 2018: Bulgarian pupils reach new lows]. Kapital Daily. Archived from the original on 4 December 2019. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
- "Field Listing: Literacy". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 29 March 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
- "Structure of the Education System in Bulgaria". Ministry of Education, Youth and Science of Bulgaria. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- "Bulgaria: University Ranking". Times Higher Education. Archived from the original on 6 September 2017. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Study in Bulgaria". Times Higher Education. Archived from the original on 20 May 2018. Retrieved 20 May 2018.
- NSI Census data 2011, p. 5 In the 2011 census, the language question was optional and it was answered by 90.2% of those surveyed. Преброяване 2011 (окончателни данни) [Final Results of the 2011 census] (PDF) (in Bulgarian). National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 December 2018. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
- "The Bulgarian Constitution". Parliament of Bulgaria. Archived from the original on 10 December 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- Kiminas, D. (2009). The Ecumenical Patriarchate. Wildside Press LLC. p. 15. ISBN 978-1-4344-5876-6. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- Carvalho, Joaquim (2007). Religion and power in Europe: conflict and convergence. Pisa University Press. p. 258. ISBN 978-88-8492-464-3. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- "Bulgarian Orthodox Church". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 8 October 2014. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Bulgaria's Muslims not deeply religious: study". Hürriyet Daily News. 9 December 2011. Archived from the original on 18 March 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Religious demography in the censuses of 1887, 1905, 1926, 1946, 1992, 2001 and 2011". Archived from the original on 18 June 2022.
- "2001 Census: Population by districts and religious groups". Archived from the original on 23 February 2017.
- "Преброяване 2011: Население по местоживеене, възраст и вероизповедание" [2011 Census: Population by place of residence, age and religion]. Archived from the original on 3 March 2018.
- staff, The Sofia Globe (24 November 2022). "Census 2021: Close to 72% of Bulgarians say they are Christians". The Sofia Globe. Archived from the original on 15 December 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
- National Statistical Institute (2022). "Population by Religious Denomination, Statistical Regions and Districts as of 07/09/2021". Archived from the original on 21 October 2023. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
- Creed, Gerald W. (2011). Masquerade and Postsocialism: Ritual and Cultural Dispossession in Bulgaria. Indiana University Press. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-253-22261-9. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- Tzvetkova, Elena (25 October 2011). "The 2011/2012 season of the National Opera and Ballet House". Bulgarian National Radio. Archived from the original on 23 June 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- Library of Congress 2006, pp. 18, 23. Curtis, Glenn (20 October 2006). Country Profile: Bulgaria (PDF) (Report). Federal Research Division. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2024 – via Library of Congress.
- "Wines of Bulgaria". ChicagoNow. Archived from the original on 12 May 2017. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
- "Athens 1896". Bulgarian Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
- "Hristo Stoichkov – Bulgarian League Ambassador". Professional Football Against Hunger. Archived from the original on 6 November 2011. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
weebly.com
livingston-island.weebly.com
- Ivanov, Lyubomir (2015). General Geography and History of Livingston Island. Archived 8 July 2015 at the Wayback Machine In: Bulgarian Antarctic Research: A Synthesis. Eds. C. Pimpirev and N. Chipev. Sofia: St. Kliment Ohridski University Press. pp. 17–28. ISBN 978-954-07-3939-7
weforum.org
www3.weforum.org
- The Global Gender Gap Report (PDF). World Economic Forum. 2018. pp. 10, 45, 46. ISBN 978-2-940631-00-1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 26 February 2019.
who.int
euro.who.int
- Georgieva, Lidia; Salchev, Petko (2007). "Bulgaria Health system review" (PDF). Health Systems in Transition. 9 (1): xvi, 12. ISSN 1817-6127. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
wikisource.org
en.wikisource.org
- Bourchier, James (1911). . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 779–784.
- "The introduction of the definite article, which appears in the form of a suffix, and the almost total disappearance of the ancient declensions, for which the use of prepositions has been substituted, distinguish the Bulgarian from all the other members of the Slavonic family" (Bourchier, James (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). pp. 784–785.).
wipo.int
- WIPO. "Global Innovation Index 2023, 15th Edition". www.wipo.int. doi:10.34667/tind.46596. Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
worldbank.org
data.worldbank.org
- "Bulgaria: GDP growth (annual %)". The World Bank. Archived from the original on 12 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Bulgaria: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)". The World Bank. 2018. Archived from the original on 10 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
- "Population density (people per sq. km of land area)". The World Bank. 2018. Archived from the original on 12 September 2018. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
- "Life expectancy at birth, total (years)". The World Bank. 2019. Archived from the original on 15 December 2019. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
datahelpdesk.worldbank.org
- "World Bank Country and Lending Groups". The World Bank Group. 2018. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
worldcat.org
- Semkova, Jordanka; Dachev, Tsvetan (2015). "Radiation environment investigations during ExoMars missions to Mars – objectives, experiments and instrumentation". Comptes Rendus de l'Académie Bulgare des Sciences. 47 (25): 485–496. ISSN 1310-1331. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 6 August 2018.
- Dachev, Ts.; Dimitrov, Pl.; Tomov, B.; Matviichuk, Yu.; Spurny, F.; Ploc, O. (2011). "Liulin-type spectrometry-dosimetry instruments". Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 144 (1–4): 675–679. doi:10.1093/rpd/ncq506. ISSN 1742-3406. PMID 21177270.
- Georgieva, Lidia; Salchev, Petko (2007). "Bulgaria Health system review" (PDF). Health Systems in Transition. 9 (1): xvi, 12. ISSN 1817-6127. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
- Lorenz, Dagmar C.G. (17 April 2004). "Elias Canetti". The Literary Encyclopedia. Vol. 1.4.1. ISSN 1747-678X.
yahoo.com
news.yahoo.com
- Cage, Sam. "Bulgarian government resigns amid growing protests". Yahoo! News. Archived from the original on 8 March 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
uk.finance.yahoo.com
- "The best countries in Europe for women to work". Yahoo! Finance. 6 March 2021. Archived from the original on 7 March 2021. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
yale.edu
epi.envirocenter.yale.edu
- "Bulgaria". Environmental Performance Index/Yale University. Archived from the original on 22 April 2020. Retrieved 12 September 2018.