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De Gruttola, Victor G; Clax, Pamela; DeMets, David L; Downing, Gregory J; Ellenberg, Susan S; Friedman, Lawrence; Gail, Mitchell H; Prentice, Ross; Wittes, Janet; Zeger, Scott L (October 2001). "Considerations in the Evaluation of Surrogate Endpoints in Clinical Trials". Controlled Clinical Trials. 22 (5): 485–502. doi:10.1016/S0197-2456(01)00153-2. PMID11578783.
Handforth, C.; Hall, P.; Marshall, H.; Seymour, M. (October 2013). "Overall treatment utility: A novel outcome measure to convey the balance of benefits and harms from cancer treatment". Journal of Geriatric Oncology. 4: S49. doi:10.1016/j.jgo.2013.09.064.
Biomarkers Definitions Working Group (March 2001). "Biomarkers and surrogate endpoints: Preferred definitions and conceptual framework". Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 69 (3): 89–95. doi:10.1067/mcp.2001.113989. PMID11240971. S2CID288484.
De Gruttola, Victor G; Clax, Pamela; DeMets, David L; Downing, Gregory J; Ellenberg, Susan S; Friedman, Lawrence; Gail, Mitchell H; Prentice, Ross; Wittes, Janet; Zeger, Scott L (October 2001). "Considerations in the Evaluation of Surrogate Endpoints in Clinical Trials". Controlled Clinical Trials. 22 (5): 485–502. doi:10.1016/S0197-2456(01)00153-2. PMID11578783.