Ecuador (English Wikipedia)

Grantham, H. S.; Duncan, A.; Evans, T. D.; Jones, K. R.; Beyer, H. L.; Schuster, R.; Walston, J.; Ray, J. C.; Robinson, J. G.; Callow, M.; Clements, T.; Costa, H. M.; DeGemmis, A.; Elsen, P. R.; Ervin, J.; Franco, P.; Goldman, E.; Goetz, S.; Hansen, A.; Hofsvang, E.; Jantz, P.; Jupiter, S.; Kang, A.; Langhammer, P.; Laurance, W. F.; Lieberman, S.; Linkie, M.; Malhi, Y.; Maxwell, S.; Mendez, M.; Mittermeier, R.; Murray, N. J.; Possingham, H.; Radachowsky, J.; Saatchi, S.; Samper, C.; Silverman, J.; Shapiro, A.; Strassburg, B.; Stevens, T.; Stokes, E.; Taylor, R.; Tear, T.; Tizard, R.; Venter, O.; Visconti, P.; Wang, S.; Watson, J. E. M. (2020). "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity – Supplementary Material". Nature Communications. 11 (1): 5978. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.5978G. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 7723057. PMID 33293507.

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"Guillermo Lasso: Conservative ex-banker elected Ecuador president". BBC News. 12 April 2021. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
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Banco Central del Ecuador – Resumen de pib Archived 29 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Bce.fin.ec (11 July 2012). Retrieved 26 July 2012.
Ecuador: Evolucion de la Balanza Comercial Archived 17 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Banco Central del Ecuador (January–February 2008).

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Hull, Frank M. (1937). A Check List of the Syrphidae of Oceania (PDF). Department of Biology, University of Missouri. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 January 2022. Retrieved 17 January 2022. Oceania is primarily considered as the restricted region treated in this paper, but for comparative purposes, in the table only, it is also considered in a broad sense as including New Guinea, Australia, New Caledonia, New Zealand, the Antipodes, and Galapagos.
Bequaert, Joseph C. (1941). The Hippoboscidae of Oceania (PDF). Harvard Medical School. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 January 2022. Retrieved 24 January 2022. In the present taxonomic study of the Hippoboscidae, Oceania covers, rather arbitrarily, the many archipelagos and isolated islands scattered throughout the Pacific Ocean, from the Marianas and Caroline Islands, the Bismarck Archipelago, the Solomon Islands and New Caledonia to the Hawaiian islands and the Galapagos.

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Kueffner, tephan (10 October 2019). "Ecuador Government Returns to Capital Amid National Strike". Bloomberg. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
Stephan Kueffner & Peter Millard, OPEC Suffers Another Departure With Ecuador Seeking More Cash Archived 11 April 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Bloomberg News (2 October 2019).
Gill, Nathan. (6 January 2012) Ecuadorian Inflation Accelerated to Three-Year High in 2011 Archived 2 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine. Bloomberg. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
"Ecuador Resumes Oil Exports From Amazon as Fields Resume Pumping". Bloomberg.com. 6 January 2022. Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
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España (1 January 1841). "Tratado de paz y amistad celebrado entre España y la República del Ecuador: en 16 de febrero de 1840". en la Imprenta Nacional. Archived from the original on 16 November 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2016 – via Google Books.
Ward, H. Trawick; Davis, R. P. Stephen (1999). Time Before History: The Archaeology of North Carolina. UNC Press Books. ISBN 978-0-8078-4780-0.
Prescott, William H. (2011). The History of the Conquest of Peru. Digireads.com. ISBN 978-1-4209-4114-2.
Todd, Ian (1974). Island Realm: A Pacific Panorama. Angus & Robertson. p. 190. ISBN 9780207127618. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 2 February 2022. [we] can further define the word culture to mean language. Thus we have the French language part of Oceania, the Spanish part and the Japanese part. The Japanese culture groups of Oceania are the Bonin Islands, the Marcus Islands and the Volcano Islands. These three clusters, lying south and south-east of Japan, are inhabited either by Japanese or by people who have now completely fused with the Japanese race. Therefore they will not be taken into account in the proposed comparison of the policies of non – Oceanic cultures towards Oceanic peoples. On the eastern side of the Pacific are a number of Spanish language culture groups of islands. Two of them, the Galapagos and Easter Island, have been dealt with as separate chapters in this volume. Only one of the dozen or so Spanish culture island groups of Oceania has an Oceanic population — the Polynesians of Easter Island. The rest are either uninhabited or have a Spanish – Latin – American population consisting of people who migrated from the mainland. Therefore, the comparisons which follow refer almost exclusively to the English and French language cultures.
Eckert, Scott A.; Alvarado, Javier; Balazs, George H.; Byles, Richard; C. Craig, Peter; Dutton, Peter Howard; L. Eckert, Karen; Engbring, John; Maragos, James E.; Pultz, Susan; Richardson, James Ingram (1998). Recovery Plan for U.S. Pacific Populations of the Hawksbill Turtle (Eretmochelys Imbricata). U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service. p. 7. Archived from the original on 4 October 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2023. Foraging hawksbills have been reported from virtually all of the island groups of Oceania, from the Galapagos Islands in the eastern Pacific to the Republic of Palau in the western Pacific.
King, Frank P. (1976). Oceania and Beyond: Essays on the Pacific Since 1945. Greenwood Press. pp. 20–21. ISBN 9780837189048. Archived from the original on 17 May 2023. Retrieved 7 February 2022. It is clear that since World War II, Britain, in contrast to France and the United States (and one might say Chile and Ecuador, which hold, respectively, Easter Island and the Galapagos Islands), conceived of Oceania as a region of sovereign nations living in a spirit of commonwealth.
Aldrich, Robert (1993). France and the South Pacific Since 1940. University of Hawaii Press. p. 347. ISBN 9780824815585. Archived from the original on 17 May 2023. Retrieved 18 February 2022. Britain's high commissioner in New Zealand continues to administer Pitcairn, and the other former British colonies remain members of the Commonwealth of Nations, recognizing the British Queen as their titular head of state and vesting certain residual powers in the British government or the Queen's representative in the islands. Australia did not cede control of the Torres Strait Islands, inhabited by a Melanesian population, or Lord Howe and Norfolk Island, whose residents are of European ancestry. New Zealand retains indirect rule over Niue and Tokelau and has kept close relations with another former possession, the Cook Islands, through a compact of free association. Chile rules Easter Island (Rapa Nui) and Ecuador rules the Galapagos Islands. The Aboriginals of Australia, the Maoris of New Zealand and the native Polynesians of Hawaii, despite movements demanding more cultural recognition, greater economic and political considerations or even outright sovereignty, have remained minorities in countries where massive waves of migration have completely changed society. In short, Oceania has remained one of the least completely decolonized regions on the globe.
Ricardo, Gomez (31 July 2011). Libraries, Telecentres, Cybercafes and Public Access to ICT: International Comparisons: International Comparisons. IGI Global. ISBN 978-1-60960-772-2. Archived from the original on 29 November 2023. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
Cohen, Saul Bernard (1998). "Ecuador: Economy". The Columbia Gazetteer of the World: A to G. Vol. 1. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 1104–1105. ISBN 9780231110402. OCLC 39234867. The Costa, especially the hot, humid valleys of the Guayas River and its tributaries, is the source of Ecuador's chief agricultural exports, especially bananas; the coastal area itself is a major producer of shrimp and prepared fish. Other agricultural exports are produced also in agricultural areas of the Sierra and the Oriente (coffee, cocoa, sugar, rice; also tropical woods, and fruits). [...] Almost one-third of the workforce engages in agriculture. Potatoes, corn, barley, rice, and wheat are grown for subsistence.

britannica.com (Global: 37^th place; English: 64^th place)

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Sandoval, José R.; Lacerda, Daniela R.; Jota, Marilza M. S.; Robles-Ruiz, Paulo; Danos, Pierina; Paz-y-Miño, César; Wells, Spencer; Santos, Fabrício R.; Fujita, Ricardo (10 September 2020). "Tracing the genetic history of the 'Cañaris' from Ecuador and Peru using uniparental DNA markers". BMC Genomics. 21 (Suppl 7): 413. doi:10.1186/s12864-020-06834-1. PMC 7488242. PMID 32912150.
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wipo.int (Global: 1,556^th place; English: 1,531^st place)

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Dutta, Soumitra; Lanvin, Bruno (2025). Global Innovation Index 2025: Innovation at a Crossroads. World Intellectual Property Organization. p. 19. doi:10.34667/tind.58864. ISBN 978-92-805-3797-0. Retrieved 17 October 2025.

worldatlas.com (Global: 2,266^th place; English: 2,297^th place)

"Religious Beliefs". World Atlas. 25 April 2017. Archived from the original on 5 June 2024. Retrieved 5 June 2024.

worldbank.org (Global: 280^th place; English: 430^th place)

data.worldbank.org

"Gini Index". World Bank. Archived from the original on 15 January 2026. Retrieved 15 January 2026.

web.worldbank.org

"Ecuador". Archived from the original on 5 June 2013. Retrieved 13 September 2014.

maps.worldbank.org

"Mapping for Results – Ecuador, Latin America & Caribbean". Archived from the original on 9 February 2014. Retrieved 13 September 2014.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Ferdon, Edwin N. (24 June 1966). "The Prehistoric Culture of Ecuador: Early Formative Period of Coastal Ecuador: The Valdivia and Machalilla Phases . Betty J. Meggers, Clifford Evans, and Emilio Estrada. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., 1965. 452 pp., $6.75". Science. 152 (3730): 1731–1732. doi:10.1126/science.152.3730.1731. ISSN 0036-8075. Archived from the original on 25 July 2022. Retrieved 25 July 2022.
Meggers, Betty J.; Evans, Clifford; Estrada, Emilio (1965). "Early Formative Period of Coastal Ecuador: The Valdivia and Machalilla Phases". Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology (1): 1–234. doi:10.5479/si.00810223.1.1. hdl:10088/19154. ISSN 0081-0223. Archived from the original on 17 June 2022. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
Grantham, H. S.; Duncan, A.; Evans, T. D.; Jones, K. R.; Beyer, H. L.; Schuster, R.; Walston, J.; Ray, J. C.; Robinson, J. G.; Callow, M.; Clements, T.; Costa, H. M.; DeGemmis, A.; Elsen, P. R.; Ervin, J.; Franco, P.; Goldman, E.; Goetz, S.; Hansen, A.; Hofsvang, E.; Jantz, P.; Jupiter, S.; Kang, A.; Langhammer, P.; Laurance, W. F.; Lieberman, S.; Linkie, M.; Malhi, Y.; Maxwell, S.; Mendez, M.; Mittermeier, R.; Murray, N. J.; Possingham, H.; Radachowsky, J.; Saatchi, S.; Samper, C.; Silverman, J.; Shapiro, A.; Strassburg, B.; Stevens, T.; Stokes, E.; Taylor, R.; Tear, T.; Tizard, R.; Venter, O.; Visconti, P.; Wang, S.; Watson, J. E. M. (2020). "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity – Supplementary Material". Nature Communications. 11 (1): 5978. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.5978G. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 7723057. PMID 33293507.
Cohen, Saul Bernard (1998). "Ecuador: Economy". The Columbia Gazetteer of the World: A to G. Vol. 1. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 1104–1105. ISBN 9780231110402. OCLC 39234867. The Costa, especially the hot, humid valleys of the Guayas River and its tributaries, is the source of Ecuador's chief agricultural exports, especially bananas; the coastal area itself is a major producer of shrimp and prepared fish. Other agricultural exports are produced also in agricultural areas of the Sierra and the Oriente (coffee, cocoa, sugar, rice; also tropical woods, and fruits). [...] Almost one-third of the workforce engages in agriculture. Potatoes, corn, barley, rice, and wheat are grown for subsistence.
Duarte-Casar, Rodrigo; Robalino-Vallejo, Jessica; Buzetta-Ricaurte, María Fernanda; Rojas-Le-Fort, Marlene (12 May 2022). "Toward a characterization of Ecuadorian ceviche: much more than shrimp". Journal of Ethnic Foods. 9 (1): 16. doi:10.1186/s42779-022-00131-w. ISSN 2352-6181. S2CID 248725703.

worldstopexports.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Bananas Exports by Country 2021". worldstopexports.com. Archived from the original on 20 May 2022. Retrieved 24 June 2022.

wsj.com (Global: 94^th place; English: 66^th place)

"Ecuador Was a Retirement Paradise for Americans. Then the Drug Gangs Arrived". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 20 May 2024. Retrieved 20 May 2024.

Ecuador (English Wikipedia)

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aljazeera.com (Global: 165th place; English: 119th place)

allecuadorandmore.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

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apnews.com (Global: 101st place; English: 62nd place)

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chicagotribune.com (Global: 143rd place; English: 80th place)

churchofjesuschrist.org (Global: 1,733rd place; English: 879th place)

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ferrocarrilesdelecuador.gob.ec (Global: low place; English: low place)

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aljazeera.com (Global: 165^th place; English: 119^th place)

apnews.com (Global: 101^st place; English: 62^nd place)

archive-it.org (Global: 1,292^nd place; English: 869^th place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 11^th place; English: 10^th place)

bbc.com (Global: 26^th place; English: 23^rd place)

bishopmuseum.org (Global: 5,427^th place; English: 6,552^nd place)

bloomberg.com (Global: 118^th place; English: 85^th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

britannica.com (Global: 37^th place; English: 64^th place)

chicagotribune.com (Global: 143^rd place; English: 80^th place)

churchofjesuschrist.org (Global: 1,733^rd place; English: 879^th place)

cia.gov (Global: 133^rd place; English: 275^th place)

cnn.com (Global: 36^th place; English: 26^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

dol.gov (Global: 5,942^nd place; English: 3,761^st place)

ebsco.com (Global: 3,424^th place; English: 2,154^th place)

elpais.com (Global: 89^th place; English: 268^th place)

eltelegrafo.com.ec (Global: 6,176^th place; English: low place)

eluniverso.com (Global: 1,522^nd place; English: 2,861^st place)

encyclopedia.com (Global: 457^th place; English: 342^nd place)

espn.com (Global: 42^nd place; English: 25^th place)

europa.eu (Global: 62^nd place; English: 100^th place)

europapress.es (Global: 897^th place; English: 2,102^nd place)

france24.com (Global: 344^th place; English: 362^nd place)

freedomhouse.org (Global: 2,395^th place; English: 2,068^th place)

georgetown.edu (Global: 2,198^th place; English: 1,338^th place)

go.com (Global: 97^th place; English: 79^th place)

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

home.blog (Global: low place; English: 8,704^th place)

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indexmundi.com (Global: 6,377^th place; English: 9,374^th place)

instagram.com (Global: 98^th place; English: 96^th place)

iom.int (Global: 9,087^th place; English: 7,897^th place)

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jewishvirtuallibrary.org (Global: 1,021^st place; English: 962^nd place)

jornada.com.mx (Global: 2,711^th place; English: 3,654^th place)

lahora.com.ec (Global: 8,050^th place; English: low place)

latimes.com (Global: 32^nd place; English: 21^st place)

liberation.fr (Global: 189^th place; English: 1,168^th place)

loc.gov (Global: 63^rd place; English: 47^th place)

mercopress.com (Global: 6,249^th place; English: 4,405^th place)

metmuseum.org (Global: 854^th place; English: 646^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

noticias.yahoo.com (Global: 6,621^st place; English: low place)

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

ohchr.org (Global: 1,204^th place; English: 1,164^th place)

openedition.org (Global: 366^th place; English: 883^rd place)

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pe.com (Global: low place; English: 7,019^th place)

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pewresearch.org (Global: 1,516^th place; English: 983^rd place)

pressreader.com (Global: 875^th place; English: 539^th place)

raco.cat (Global: 3,729^th place; English: 7,436^th place)

reuters.com (Global: 38^th place; English: 30^th place)

scielo.org.ar (Global: 6,663^rd place; English: low place)

science.org (Global: 1,007^th place; English: 665^th place)

scribd.com (Global: 467^th place; English: 428^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

si.edu (Global: 256^th place; English: 197^th place)

statista.com (Global: 1,214^th place; English: 1,277^th place)

theguardian.com (Global: 16^th place; English: 11^th place)

theintercept.com (Global: 2,602^nd place; English: 1,474^th place)