Environmental impact of war (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Environmental impact of war" in English language version.

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38doi.org

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atlanticcouncil.org

"Winning the humanitarian war in Yemen". Atlantic Council. 16 October 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2019.

atsjournals.org

Sotolongo, Anays; Falvo, Michael; Santos, Susan; Johnson, Iman; Arjomandi, Mehrdad; Hines, Stella; Krefft, Silpa; Osterholzer, John (2020-04-01). "Military Burn Pits". American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 201 (7): P13–P14. doi:10.1164/rccm.2017P13. ISSN 1073-449X. PMID 32233853.

brookings.edu

Colonel Gregory J. Lengyel, USAF, The Brookings Institution, Department of Defense Energy Strategy, August 2007, "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-07-26. Retrieved 2009-09-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

brown.edu

watson.brown.edu

"Environmental Costs | Costs of War". The Costs of War. Retrieved 2024-03-26.

cadu.org.uk

"MoD Forced to Pay Pension for DU Contamination". CADU News 17.

cambridge.org

Kong, Lingjie; Zhao, Yuqing (December 2023). "Remedying the environmental impacts of war: Challenges and perspectives for full reparation". International Review of the Red Cross. 105 (924): 1441–1462. doi:10.1017/S1816383123000280. ISSN 1816-3831.

canada.ca

Department of National Defence Canada (2017). Defence Energy and Environment Strategy. Retrieved from the Government of Canada Website: https://www.canada.ca/content/dam/dnd-mdn/documents/reports/2017/20171004-dees-en.pdf

cnn.com

edition.cnn.com

"CNN.com - UK: Iraq torches seven oil wells - Mar. 21, 2003". edition.cnn.com.
King, Jessica (2012-08-10). "U.S. in first effort to clean up Agent Orange in Vietnam". CNN. Archived from the original on 2013-03-03. Retrieved 2012-08-11.

cnn.com

Valentine, Catherine; Keilar, Brianna (21 June 2021). "Surviving combat only to die at home: Retired Staff Sgt. Wesley Black is picking out his coffin at 35 years old". CNN. Retrieved 21 June 2021.

ctbto.org

"The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT)". CTBTO. Retrieved 2024-04-16.
"Papua New Guinea ratifies CTBT, advancing Treaty universalisation in Pacific". CTBTO. Retrieved 2024-04-16.

doi.org

Falk, Richard A. (1973). "Environmental Warfare and Ecocide — Facts, Appraisal, and Proposals". Bulletin of Peace Proposals. 4 (1): 80–96. doi:10.1177/096701067300400105. ISSN 0007-5035. JSTOR 44480206. S2CID 144885326.
Daskin, Joshua H.; Pringle, Robert M. (2018). "Warfare and wildlife declines in Africa's protected areas". Nature. 553 (7688): 328–332. Bibcode:2018Natur.553..328D. doi:10.1038/nature25194. PMID 29320475. S2CID 4464877.
Pringle, Robert M. (2017). "Upgrading protected areas to conserve wild biodiversity". Nature. 546 (7656): 91–99. Bibcode:2017Natur.546...91P. doi:10.1038/nature22902. PMID 28569807. S2CID 4387383.
Kanyamibwa, Samuel (1998). "Impact of war on conservation: Rwandan environment and wildlife in agony". Biodiversity and Conservation. 7 (11): 1399–1406. doi:10.1023/a:1008880113990. S2CID 31015910.
Frohmberg, Eric; Goble, Robert; Sanchez, Virginia; Quigley, Dianne (2000-02-20). "The Assessment of Radiation Exposures in Native American Communities from Nuclear Weapons Testing in Nevada". Risk Analysis. 20 (1): 101–112. Bibcode:2000RiskA..20..101F. doi:10.1111/0272-4332.00010. ISSN 0272-4332. PMID 10795343.
Fitzgerald, G. J. (2008-04-01). "Chemical Warfare and Medical Response During World War I". American Journal of Public Health. 98 (4): 611–625. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.11930. ISSN 0090-0036. PMC 2376985. PMID 18356568.
Evenden, Matthew (2011). "Aluminum, commodity chain, and the environmental history of the second world war". Environmental History. 16: 69–93. doi:10.1093/envhis/emq145.
Lawrence, Michael (2015). "The effects of modern war and military activities on biodiversity and the environment". Environmental Reviews. 23 (4): 443–460. doi:10.1139/er-2015-0039. hdl:1807/69913.
Tucker, Richard (2012). "War and the Environment". A Companion to Global Environmental History. pp. 319–339. doi:10.1002/9781118279519.ch18. ISBN 9781118279519.
Gidarakos, Evangelos (2015-01-01). "War and environmental impacts". Waste Management. 35: 1–2. Bibcode:2015WaMan..35....1G. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2014.10.007. ISSN 0956-053X. PMID 25481653.
Siebert, Ursula; Stürznickel, Julian; Schaffeld, Tobias; Oheim, Ralf; Rolvien, Tim; Prenger-Berninghoff, Ellen; Wohlsein, Peter; Lakemeyer, Jan; Rohner, Simon; Aroha Schick, Luca; Gross, Stephanie; Nachtsheim, Dominik; Ewers, Christa; Becher, Paul; Amling, Michael (2022-01-15). "Blast injury on harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from the Baltic Sea after explosions of deposits of World War II ammunition". Environment International. 159: 107014. Bibcode:2022EnInt.15907014S. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.107014. ISSN 0160-4120. PMID 34883460.
Hilborn, Ray (1977). "IIASA Conference on Adaptive Environmental Management, held in Schloss Laxenburg, 2361 Laxenburg, Austria, 13–17 June 1977". Environmental Conservation. 4 (3): 235–236. Bibcode:1977EnvCo...4R.235H. doi:10.1017/s0376892900025959. ISSN 0376-8929.
Hilborn, Ray (1977). "IIASA Conference on Adaptive Environmental Management, held in Schloss Laxenburg, 2361 Laxenburg, Austria, 13–17 June 1977". Environmental Conservation. 4 (3): 235–236. Bibcode:1977EnvCo...4R.235H. doi:10.1017/s0376892900025959. ISSN 0376-8929.
Morikawa, Masahiro; Taylor, Sebastian; Persons, Marjie (1998-05-01). "Deaths and injuries due to unexploded ordnance (UXO) in northern Lao PDR (Laos)". Injury. 29 (4): 301–304. doi:10.1016/S0020-1383(98)80210-6. ISSN 0020-1383. PMID 9743752.
Banout, Jan; Urban, Ondrej; Musil, Vojtech; Szakova, Jirina; Balik, Jiri (2014). "Agent Orange Footprint Still Visible in Rural Areas of Central Vietnam". Journal of Environmental and Public Health. 2014: 528965. doi:10.1155/2014/528965. ISSN 1687-9805. PMC 3930020. PMID 24639878.
Truong, Kiem N.; Dinh, Khuong V. (2021-11-16). "Agent Orange: Haft-Century [sic] Effects On The Vietnamese Wildlife Have Been Ignored". Environmental Science & Technology. 55 (22): 15007–15009. doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c06613. ISSN 0013-936X. PMC 8600662. PMID 34714069.
Simon, Steven (2015). "Health effects of nuclear weapons testing". The Lancet. 386 (9992): 407–409. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)61037-6. PMID 26251378 – via ProQuest.
Lutts, Ralph (1985). "Chemical Fallout: Rachel Carson's Silent Spring, Radioactive Fallout, and the Environmental Movement". Environmental Review. 3. 9 (3): 210–225. doi:10.2307/3984231. JSTOR 3984231. PMID 11616075. S2CID 21014042.
Kim, Gahyun; Choi, Sang-Do; Lim, Jong-Myoung; Kim, Hyuncheol (2023-08-01). "Strontium-90 levels in seawater southeast of Jeju Island during 2021–2023". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 193: 115258. Bibcode:2023MarPB.19315258K. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115258. ISSN 0025-326X. PMID 37433238.
Matishov, G. G.; Ilyin, G. V. (2022-08-01). "Strontium-90 in Seawater and Bottom Sediments of the Barents Sea Shelf (2000–2019)". Doklady Earth Sciences. 505 (2): 565–571. Bibcode:2022DokES.505..565M. doi:10.1134/S1028334X22080116. ISSN 1531-8354.
Sahoo, Sarata Kumar; Kavasi, Norbert; Sorimachi, Atsuyuki; Arae, Hideki; Tokonami, Shinji; Mietelski, Jerzy Wojciech; Łokas, Edyta; Yoshida, Satoshi (2016-04-06). "Strontium-90 activity concentration in soil samples from the exclusion zone of the Fukushima daiichi nuclear power plant". Scientific Reports. 6 (1): 23925. Bibcode:2016NatSR...623925S. doi:10.1038/srep23925. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 4822116. PMID 27048779.
Kavasi, Norbert; Arae, Hideki; Aono, Tatsuo; Sahoo, Sarata Kumar (2023-06-01). "Distribution of strontium-90 in soils affected by Fukushima dai-ichi nuclear power station accident in the context of cesium-137 contamination". Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex: 1987). 326: 121487. Bibcode:2023EPoll.32621487K. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121487. ISSN 1873-6424. PMID 36958665.
Miller, AC; McClain, D (2007). "A review of depleted uranium biological effects: in vitro and in vivo studies". Reviews on Environmental Health. 22 (1): 75–89. doi:10.1515/REVEH.2007.22.1.75. PMID 17508699. S2CID 25156511.
Craft, Elena; Abu-Qare, Aquel; Flaherty, Meghan; Garofolo, Melissa; Rincavage, Heather; Abou-Donia, Mohamed (2004). "Depleted and natural uranium: chemistry and toxicological effects". Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B. 7 (4): 297–317. Bibcode:2004JTEHB...7..297C. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.535.5247. doi:10.1080/10937400490452714. PMID 15205046. S2CID 9357795.
Mitsakou, C.; Eleftheriadis, K.; Housiadas, C.; Lazaridis, M. (2003). "Modeling of the dispersion of depleted uranium aerosol". Health Physics. 84 (4): 538–44. doi:10.1097/00004032-200304000-00014. PMID 12705453. S2CID 3244650.
Hindin, Rita; Brugge, Doug; Panikkar, Bindu (2005). "Teratogenicity of depleted uranium aerosols: A review from an epidemiological perspective". Environmental Health: A Global Access Science Source. 4 (1): 17. Bibcode:2005EnvHe...4...17H. doi:10.1186/1476-069X-4-17. PMC 1242351. PMID 16124873.
Alaani, Samira; Tafash, Muhammed; Busby, Christopher; Hamdan, Malak; Blaurock-Busch, Eleonore (2011). "Uranium and other contaminants in the hair from the parents of children with congenital anomalies in Fallujah, Iraq". Conflict and Health. 5: 15. doi:10.1186/1752-1505-5-15. PMC 3177876. PMID 21888647.
Al-Hadithi, Tariq S.; Saleh, Abubakir M.; Al-Diwan, Jawad K.; Shabila, Nazar P. (2012). "Birth defects in Iraq and the plausibility of environmental exposure: A review". Conflict and Health. 6 (3): 245–250. doi:10.1186/1752-1505-6-3. PMC 3492088. PMID 22839108.
Woskie, Susan R.; Bello, Anila; Rennix, Christopher; Jiang, Lan; Trivedi, Amal N.; Savitz, David A. (June 2023). "Burn Pit Exposure Assessment to Support a Cohort Study of US Veterans of the Wars in Iraq and Afghanistan". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 65 (6): 449–457. doi:10.1097/JOM.0000000000002788. ISSN 1076-2752. PMC 10227925. PMID 36728333.
Sotolongo, Anays; Falvo, Michael; Santos, Susan; Johnson, Iman; Arjomandi, Mehrdad; Hines, Stella; Krefft, Silpa; Osterholzer, John (2020-04-01). "Military Burn Pits". American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 201 (7): P13–P14. doi:10.1164/rccm.2017P13. ISSN 1073-449X. PMID 32233853.
Jorgenson, Andrew K.; Clark, Brett (2016-05-01). "The temporal stability and developmental differences in the environmental impacts of militarism: the treadmill of destruction and consumption-based carbon emissions". Sustainability Science. 11 (3): 505–514. Bibcode:2016SuSc...11..505J. doi:10.1007/s11625-015-0309-5. ISSN 1862-4065. S2CID 154827483.
Bradford, John Hamilton; Stoner, Alexander M. (2017-08-11). "The Treadmill of Destruction in Comparative Perspective: A Panel Study of Military Spending and Carbon Emissions, 1960–2014". Journal of World-Systems Research. 23 (2): 298–325. doi:10.5195/jwsr.2017.688. ISSN 1076-156X.
Khan, Mahreen (2022). "The Environmental Impacts of War and Conflict". Institute of Development Studies. doi:10.19088/K4D.2022.060.
Russell, Charlie J.G.; Franco, Aldina M.A.; Atkinson, Philip W.; Väli, Ülo; Ashton-Butt, Adham (May 2024). "Active European warzone impacts raptor migration". Current Biology. 34 (10): 2272–2277.e2. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2024.04.047. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 38772328.
Tedla, Mebrahtu G.; Berhe, Kibrom F.; Grmay, Kibrom M. (2023-11-20). "The impact of armed conflict on animal well-being and welfare, and analyzing damage assessment on the veterinary sector: The case of Ethiopia's Tigray region". Heliyon. 9 (12): e22681. Bibcode:2023Heliy...922681T. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22681. ISSN 2405-8440. PMC 10709505. PMID 38076045.
Kong, Lingjie; Zhao, Yuqing (December 2023). "Remedying the environmental impacts of war: Challenges and perspectives for full reparation". International Review of the Red Cross. 105 (924): 1441–1462. doi:10.1017/S1816383123000280. ISSN 1816-3831.

dx.doi.org

Hilborn, Ray (1977). "IIASA Conference on Adaptive Environmental Management, held in Schloss Laxenburg, 2361 Laxenburg, Austria, 13–17 June 1977". Environmental Conservation. 4 (3): 235–236. Bibcode:1977EnvCo...4R.235H. doi:10.1017/s0376892900025959. ISSN 0376-8929.
Hilborn, Ray (1977). "IIASA Conference on Adaptive Environmental Management, held in Schloss Laxenburg, 2361 Laxenburg, Austria, 13–17 June 1977". Environmental Conservation. 4 (3): 235–236. Bibcode:1977EnvCo...4R.235H. doi:10.1017/s0376892900025959. ISSN 0376-8929.

energybulletin.net

Karbuz, Sohbet (2006-02-25). "The US military oil consumption". Energy Bulletin. Archived from the original on 2009-05-10. Retrieved 2009-09-12.

fao.org

"The potential of the military in environmental protection: India". FAO.

fas.org

Schwartz, M. et al. (2012) Department of Defense Energy Initiatives: Background and Issues for Congress. Congressional Research Service, [Online] Available at: http://fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/R42558.pdf

gizmodo.com

"In Ukraine, Dead Dolphins Tell a Story of Ecocide and Violence". April 2023.
"In Ukraine, Dead Dolphins Tell a Story of Ecocide and Violence". April 2023.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Lawrence, Michael (2015). "The effects of modern war and military activities on biodiversity and the environment". Environmental Reviews. 23 (4): 443–460. doi:10.1139/er-2015-0039. hdl:1807/69913.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Daskin, Joshua H.; Pringle, Robert M. (2018). "Warfare and wildlife declines in Africa's protected areas". Nature. 553 (7688): 328–332. Bibcode:2018Natur.553..328D. doi:10.1038/nature25194. PMID 29320475. S2CID 4464877.
Pringle, Robert M. (2017). "Upgrading protected areas to conserve wild biodiversity". Nature. 546 (7656): 91–99. Bibcode:2017Natur.546...91P. doi:10.1038/nature22902. PMID 28569807. S2CID 4387383.
Frohmberg, Eric; Goble, Robert; Sanchez, Virginia; Quigley, Dianne (2000-02-20). "The Assessment of Radiation Exposures in Native American Communities from Nuclear Weapons Testing in Nevada". Risk Analysis. 20 (1): 101–112. Bibcode:2000RiskA..20..101F. doi:10.1111/0272-4332.00010. ISSN 0272-4332. PMID 10795343.
Gidarakos, Evangelos (2015-01-01). "War and environmental impacts". Waste Management. 35: 1–2. Bibcode:2015WaMan..35....1G. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2014.10.007. ISSN 0956-053X. PMID 25481653.
Siebert, Ursula; Stürznickel, Julian; Schaffeld, Tobias; Oheim, Ralf; Rolvien, Tim; Prenger-Berninghoff, Ellen; Wohlsein, Peter; Lakemeyer, Jan; Rohner, Simon; Aroha Schick, Luca; Gross, Stephanie; Nachtsheim, Dominik; Ewers, Christa; Becher, Paul; Amling, Michael (2022-01-15). "Blast injury on harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from the Baltic Sea after explosions of deposits of World War II ammunition". Environment International. 159: 107014. Bibcode:2022EnInt.15907014S. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.107014. ISSN 0160-4120. PMID 34883460.
Hilborn, Ray (1977). "IIASA Conference on Adaptive Environmental Management, held in Schloss Laxenburg, 2361 Laxenburg, Austria, 13–17 June 1977". Environmental Conservation. 4 (3): 235–236. Bibcode:1977EnvCo...4R.235H. doi:10.1017/s0376892900025959. ISSN 0376-8929.
Hilborn, Ray (1977). "IIASA Conference on Adaptive Environmental Management, held in Schloss Laxenburg, 2361 Laxenburg, Austria, 13–17 June 1977". Environmental Conservation. 4 (3): 235–236. Bibcode:1977EnvCo...4R.235H. doi:10.1017/s0376892900025959. ISSN 0376-8929.
Kim, Gahyun; Choi, Sang-Do; Lim, Jong-Myoung; Kim, Hyuncheol (2023-08-01). "Strontium-90 levels in seawater southeast of Jeju Island during 2021–2023". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 193: 115258. Bibcode:2023MarPB.19315258K. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115258. ISSN 0025-326X. PMID 37433238.
Matishov, G. G.; Ilyin, G. V. (2022-08-01). "Strontium-90 in Seawater and Bottom Sediments of the Barents Sea Shelf (2000–2019)". Doklady Earth Sciences. 505 (2): 565–571. Bibcode:2022DokES.505..565M. doi:10.1134/S1028334X22080116. ISSN 1531-8354.
Sahoo, Sarata Kumar; Kavasi, Norbert; Sorimachi, Atsuyuki; Arae, Hideki; Tokonami, Shinji; Mietelski, Jerzy Wojciech; Łokas, Edyta; Yoshida, Satoshi (2016-04-06). "Strontium-90 activity concentration in soil samples from the exclusion zone of the Fukushima daiichi nuclear power plant". Scientific Reports. 6 (1): 23925. Bibcode:2016NatSR...623925S. doi:10.1038/srep23925. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 4822116. PMID 27048779.
Kavasi, Norbert; Arae, Hideki; Aono, Tatsuo; Sahoo, Sarata Kumar (2023-06-01). "Distribution of strontium-90 in soils affected by Fukushima dai-ichi nuclear power station accident in the context of cesium-137 contamination". Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex: 1987). 326: 121487. Bibcode:2023EPoll.32621487K. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121487. ISSN 1873-6424. PMID 36958665.
Craft, Elena; Abu-Qare, Aquel; Flaherty, Meghan; Garofolo, Melissa; Rincavage, Heather; Abou-Donia, Mohamed (2004). "Depleted and natural uranium: chemistry and toxicological effects". Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B. 7 (4): 297–317. Bibcode:2004JTEHB...7..297C. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.535.5247. doi:10.1080/10937400490452714. PMID 15205046. S2CID 9357795.
Hindin, Rita; Brugge, Doug; Panikkar, Bindu (2005). "Teratogenicity of depleted uranium aerosols: A review from an epidemiological perspective". Environmental Health: A Global Access Science Source. 4 (1): 17. Bibcode:2005EnvHe...4...17H. doi:10.1186/1476-069X-4-17. PMC 1242351. PMID 16124873.
Jorgenson, Andrew K.; Clark, Brett (2016-05-01). "The temporal stability and developmental differences in the environmental impacts of militarism: the treadmill of destruction and consumption-based carbon emissions". Sustainability Science. 11 (3): 505–514. Bibcode:2016SuSc...11..505J. doi:10.1007/s11625-015-0309-5. ISSN 1862-4065. S2CID 154827483.
Tedla, Mebrahtu G.; Berhe, Kibrom F.; Grmay, Kibrom M. (2023-11-20). "The impact of armed conflict on animal well-being and welfare, and analyzing damage assessment on the veterinary sector: The case of Ethiopia's Tigray region". Heliyon. 9 (12): e22681. Bibcode:2023Heliy...922681T. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22681. ISSN 2405-8440. PMC 10709505. PMID 38076045.

iadc.org

http://www.iadc.org/dcpi/dc-novdec03/Nov3-Boots.pdf ^{[bare URL PDF]}

ids.ac.uk

opendocs.ids.ac.uk

Khan, Mahreen (2022). "The Environmental Impacts of War and Conflict". Institute of Development Studies. doi:10.19088/K4D.2022.060.

independent.co.uk

King, Jessie (8 July 2006). "Vietnamese wildlife still paying a high price for chemical warfare". The Independent. Retrieved 4 March 2015.

iom.int

environmentalmigration.iom.int

"Environmental and migratory consequences of the Vietnam War | Environmental Migration Portal". environmentalmigration.iom.int. Retrieved 2024-04-19.
"Environmental and migratory consequences of the Vietnam War | Environmental Migration Portal". environmentalmigration.iom.int. Retrieved 2024-04-19.
"Environmental and migratory consequences of the Vietnam War | Environmental Migration Portal". environmentalmigration.iom.int. Retrieved 2024-04-19.

ipb.org

International Peace Bureau. (2002). The Military’s Impact on The Environment: A Neglected Aspect Of The Sustainable Development Debate A Briefing Paper For States And Non-Governmental Organisations, Retrieved from: http://www.ipb.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/briefing-paper.pdf
Lorincz, T. (2014). Demilitarization for Deep Decarbonization: Reducing Militarism and Military Expenditures to Invest in the UN Green Climate Fund and to Create Low-Carbon Economies and Resilient Communities. Retrieved from The International Peace Bureau Website: http://www.ipb.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Green_Booklet_working_paper_17.09.2014.pdf Archived 2018-05-27 at the Wayback Machine

jstor.org

Falk, Richard A. (1973). "Environmental Warfare and Ecocide — Facts, Appraisal, and Proposals". Bulletin of Peace Proposals. 4 (1): 80–96. doi:10.1177/096701067300400105. ISSN 0007-5035. JSTOR 44480206. S2CID 144885326.
Lutts, Ralph (1985). "Chemical Fallout: Rachel Carson's Silent Spring, Radioactive Fallout, and the Environmental Movement". Environmental Review. 3. 9 (3): 210–225. doi:10.2307/3984231. JSTOR 3984231. PMID 11616075. S2CID 21014042.

daily.jstor.org

Wills, Matthew (2020-08-18). "The Environmental Costs of War". JSTOR Daily.

kockw.com

"Kuwait Oil Company". kockw.com. Archived from the original on 19 May 2015. Retrieved 11 January 2022.

lww.com

journals.lww.com

Woskie, Susan R.; Bello, Anila; Rennix, Christopher; Jiang, Lan; Trivedi, Amal N.; Savitz, David A. (June 2023). "Burn Pit Exposure Assessment to Support a Cohort Study of US Veterans of the Wars in Iraq and Afghanistan". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 65 (6): 449–457. doi:10.1097/JOM.0000000000002788. ISSN 1076-2752. PMC 10227925. PMID 36728333.

newsweek.com

"The US Department of Defense Is One of the World's Biggest Polluters". Newsweek. 2014-07-17. Retrieved 2018-05-26.
Nazaryan (2014-07-17). "The US Department of Defense Is One of the World's Biggest Polluters". Newsweek. Retrieved 2018-05-26.

nih.gov

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Daskin, Joshua H.; Pringle, Robert M. (2018). "Warfare and wildlife declines in Africa's protected areas". Nature. 553 (7688): 328–332. Bibcode:2018Natur.553..328D. doi:10.1038/nature25194. PMID 29320475. S2CID 4464877.
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