HAL 9000 (English Wikipedia)

"AFI's 100 Greatest Heroes & Villains". afi.com. American Film Institute. 2003. Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 8 January 2015.

archive.org

Powers, Stefanie (2010). One from the Hart. Simon and Schuster. pp. 66–69. ISBN 978-1-4391-7210-0.
Gelmis, Joseph (1970). The film director as superstar. Doubleday. p. 306. OCLC 52379.

archive.today

"AFI's 100 Greatest Heroes & Villains". afi.com. American Film Institute. 2003. Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 8 January 2015.

bbc.co.uk

Mitchell, Chris (24 June 2010). "HAL 9000 from 2001 - A Space Odyssey". A History of the World. The British Museum/BBC. Archived from the original on 20 November 2018. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
Mitchell, Chris (20 October 2010). "HAL 9000 - 2001 - A Space Odyssey". A History of the World. The British Museum/BBC. Archived from the original on 7 November 2018. Retrieved 14 November 2018.

bell-labs.com

"Background: Bell Labs Text-to-Speech Synthesis: Then and Now Bell Labs and 'Talking Machines'". Bell Labs. Archived from the original on 1 April 2014. Retrieved 8 January 2015.

carnegiesciencecenter.org

"Robot Hall of Fame". Carnegie Science Center. Archived from the original on 2 October 2024. Retrieved 1 January 2025.

christies.com

"RESULTS: Pop Culture-Film and Entertainment Memorabilia". christies.com (Press release). Christie's. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 12 March 2012.

halcomm.com

"History - HAL Communications Corp". HALComm.com. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. Initially starting as HAL Devices in 1966 ... HAL Communications Corp. outgrew its existing 2,000 square-foot facility in Champaign and purchased a larger building in Urbana.

highbeam.com

"Where in Space is Carmen Sandiego? Deluxe. (from Broderbund Software) (Software Review) (Software: Games)(Brief Article) (Evaluation) - Computer Shopper | HighBeam Research". 8 October 2016. Archived from the original on 8 October 2016. Retrieved 9 July 2021.

in70mm.com

Scot, Darrin (June 1963). "Journey To The Stars". American Cinematographer. Archived from the original on 14 November 2018. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
Sherlock, Daniel J. (December 2004). "Wide Screen Movies Corrections" (PDF). in70mm.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 March 2015. Retrieved 14 November 2018.

independent.co.uk

Arthur, Charles (25 January 1999). "Hal confesses all and joins Apple". The Independent. Retrieved 26 November 2010.

kensegall.com

Segall, Ken (17 February 2017). "The Making of Apple's HAL". Ken Segall's Observatory. Retrieved 6 February 2017.

ladbible.com

McGowan, Mark (30 December 2016). "How Anthony Hopkins Created And Became The Character Of Hannibal Lecter". Ladbible. Retrieved 15 January 2022.

lettersofnote.com

"Does IBM Know HAL is Psychotic?". Letters of Note. 4 January 2013. Archived from the original on 30 May 2019. Retrieved 30 May 2019.

loc.gov

"News from the Library of Congress". National Recording Registry Adds 25. (No.14) "Daisy Bell (Bicycle Built for Two)," Max Mathews (1961). Library of Congress. 23 June 2010. Archived from the original on 7 February 2011. Retrieved 14 January 2011.

minorplanetcenter.net

"(9000) Hal = 1975 VH3 = 1981 JJ3 = 1981 JO = 1995 US3". minorplanetcenter.net. IAU Minor Planet Center. Archived from the original on 23 March 2017. Retrieved 22 March 2017.

mit.edu

mitpress.mit.edu

Minsky, Marvin. "Scientist on the Set: An Interview with Marvin Minsky". mitpress.mit.edu. Interviewed by David G. Stork. Archived from the original on 14 November 2007. Retrieved 30 May 2019.

nasa.gov

ssd.jpl.nasa.gov

"9000 Hal (1981 JO)". NASA.gov. NASA. Archived from the original on 29 September 2010. Retrieved 2 June 2016. (entry for "9000")

palantir.net

DeMet, George D. "Meanings: The Search for Meaning in 2001". Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 10 May 2007.

patents.google.com

US patent 3230826, Felix L Bednarz, "Wide angle lens system", issued 25 January 1966, assigned to Bank of America NA "US3230826A - Wide angle lens system - Google Patents". Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 14 November 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
US patent 2791153, Felix L Bednarz, "Wide angle lens system", issued 7 May 1957, assigned to Felix L Bednarz "US2791153A - Wide angle lens system - Google Patents". Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 14 November 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)

pitchbook.com

Hal Communications, pitchbook.com

qcwa.org

HAL HISTORY, HAL Devices - HAL Communications Corp., Bill Henry, President HAL Communications, Quarter Century Wireless Association

robothalloffame.org

"Robot Hall of Fame® Inducts NAO, PackBot, BigDog and WALL-E". Robot Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 12 May 2022.
"HAL 9000". Robot Hall of Fame. Robot Hall of Fame, Carnegie Science Center. Archived from the original on 17 September 2013. Retrieved 28 July 2013.

scienceandfilm.org

Miller, Barbara (23 February 2016). "Graphic Films and the Inception of 2001: A Space Odyssey". Sloan Science and Film. Museum of the Moving Image. Archived from the original on 21 September 2016. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
Epstein, Sonia Shechet (28 February 2018). "Cinerama and 2001: A Space Odyssey". Sloan Science and Film. Museum of the Moving Image. Archived from the original on 14 November 2018. Retrieved 14 November 2018.

sciencefictionbuzz.com

Randall, Chris. "The original HAL 9000 film prop for sale by auction London 25th November". Archived from the original on 3 March 2024.

slate.com

Harris, Aisha (7 January 2013). "Is HAL Really IBM?". Slate.com. Archived from the original on 8 November 2015. Retrieved 17 November 2016.

smecc.org

Bill, Henry. "HAL HISTORY". smecc.org. Southwest Museum of Engineering, Communications and Computation. Archived from the original on 29 November 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018.

theatlantic.com

Madrigal, Alexis C. (4 January 2013). "The Letter Stanley Kubrick Wrote About IBM and HAL". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 4 January 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2023.

therpf.com

"HAL 9000 Panel (2001:A Space Odyssey)". Archived from the original on 3 September 2016. Retrieved 4 September 2016.

web.archive.org

DeMet, George D. "Meanings: The Search for Meaning in 2001". Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 10 May 2007.
Alfred, Randy (12 January 2011). "HAL of a Computer". Wired. Archived from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
"Background: Bell Labs Text-to-Speech Synthesis: Then and Now Bell Labs and 'Talking Machines'". Bell Labs. Archived from the original on 1 April 2014. Retrieved 8 January 2015.
"News from the Library of Congress". National Recording Registry Adds 25. (No.14) "Daisy Bell (Bicycle Built for Two)," Max Mathews (1961). Library of Congress. 23 June 2010. Archived from the original on 7 February 2011. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
"First computer to sing - Daisy Bell". 9 December 2008. Archived from the original on 18 June 2011. Retrieved 14 January 2010 – via YouTube.
US patent 3230826, Felix L Bednarz, "Wide angle lens system", issued 25 January 1966, assigned to Bank of America NA "US3230826A - Wide angle lens system - Google Patents". Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 14 November 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
Scot, Darrin (June 1963). "Journey To The Stars". American Cinematographer. Archived from the original on 14 November 2018. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
US patent 2791153, Felix L Bednarz, "Wide angle lens system", issued 7 May 1957, assigned to Felix L Bednarz "US2791153A - Wide angle lens system - Google Patents". Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 14 November 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
Sherlock, Daniel J. (December 2004). "Wide Screen Movies Corrections" (PDF). in70mm.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 March 2015. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
Miller, Barbara (23 February 2016). "Graphic Films and the Inception of 2001: A Space Odyssey". Sloan Science and Film. Museum of the Moving Image. Archived from the original on 21 September 2016. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
Epstein, Sonia Shechet (28 February 2018). "Cinerama and 2001: A Space Odyssey". Sloan Science and Film. Museum of the Moving Image. Archived from the original on 14 November 2018. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
Randall, Chris. "The original HAL 9000 film prop for sale by auction London 25th November". Archived from the original on 3 March 2024.
Mitchell, Chris (24 June 2010). "HAL 9000 from 2001 - A Space Odyssey". A History of the World. The British Museum/BBC. Archived from the original on 20 November 2018. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
Mitchell, Chris (20 October 2010). "HAL 9000 - 2001 - A Space Odyssey". A History of the World. The British Museum/BBC. Archived from the original on 7 November 2018. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
"HAL 9000 Panel (2001:A Space Odyssey)". Archived from the original on 3 September 2016. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
"RESULTS: Pop Culture-Film and Entertainment Memorabilia". christies.com (Press release). Christie's. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 12 March 2012.
Savage, Adam (16 November 2016). "Adam Savage Tours Peter Jackson's Movie Prop Collection!". Youtube. Tested. Archived from the original on 15 January 2017. Retrieved 29 December 2016.
Madrigal, Alexis C. (4 January 2013). "The Letter Stanley Kubrick Wrote About IBM and HAL". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 4 January 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2023.
Harris, Aisha (7 January 2013). "Is HAL Really IBM?". Slate.com. Archived from the original on 8 November 2015. Retrieved 17 November 2016.
"Does IBM Know HAL is Psychotic?". Letters of Note. 4 January 2013. Archived from the original on 30 May 2019. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
"History - HAL Communications Corp". HALComm.com. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. Initially starting as HAL Devices in 1966 ... HAL Communications Corp. outgrew its existing 2,000 square-foot facility in Champaign and purchased a larger building in Urbana.
Bill, Henry. "HAL HISTORY". smecc.org. Southwest Museum of Engineering, Communications and Computation. Archived from the original on 29 November 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018.
Minsky, Marvin. "Scientist on the Set: An Interview with Marvin Minsky". mitpress.mit.edu. Interviewed by David G. Stork. Archived from the original on 14 November 2007. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
"9000 Hal (1981 JO)". NASA.gov. NASA. Archived from the original on 29 September 2010. Retrieved 2 June 2016. (entry for "9000")
"(9000) Hal = 1975 VH3 = 1981 JJ3 = 1981 JO = 1995 US3". minorplanetcenter.net. IAU Minor Planet Center. Archived from the original on 23 March 2017. Retrieved 22 March 2017.
"Where in Space is Carmen Sandiego? Deluxe. (from Broderbund Software) (Software Review) (Software: Games)(Brief Article) (Evaluation) - Computer Shopper | HighBeam Research". 8 October 2016. Archived from the original on 8 October 2016. Retrieved 9 July 2021.
"Robot Hall of Fame® Inducts NAO, PackBot, BigDog and WALL-E". Robot Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 12 May 2022.
"HAL 9000". Robot Hall of Fame. Robot Hall of Fame, Carnegie Science Center. Archived from the original on 17 September 2013. Retrieved 28 July 2013.
"Robot Hall of Fame". Carnegie Science Center. Archived from the original on 2 October 2024. Retrieved 1 January 2025.

wired.com

Alfred, Randy (12 January 2011). "HAL of a Computer". Wired. Archived from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
Garfinkel, Simson. "Happy Birthday, Hal". Wired.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Gelmis, Joseph (1970). The film director as superstar. Doubleday. p. 306. OCLC 52379.

yahoo.com

Arnold, Ben (20 January 2021). "Anthony Hopkins reveals the strangely brilliant inspiration for his Hannibal Lecter". Yahoo! Movies. Retrieved 15 January 2021.

youtube.com

"First computer to sing - Daisy Bell". 9 December 2008. Archived from the original on 18 June 2011. Retrieved 14 January 2010 – via YouTube.
Savage, Adam (16 November 2016). "Adam Savage Tours Peter Jackson's Movie Prop Collection!". Youtube. Tested. Archived from the original on 15 January 2017. Retrieved 29 December 2016.
"Deactivating Hal 9000 HD (COMPLETE)". Retrieved 30 May 2019 – via YouTube.