Hellbender (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Hellbender" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

22doi.org

2^nd place

9worldcat.org

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8harvard.edu

18^th place

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8nih.gov

4^th place

7semanticscholar.org

11^th place

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5jstor.org

26^th place

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3web.archive.org

1^st place

3fws.gov

2,434^th place

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3natureserve.org

5,367^th place

2,998^th place

2purdue.edu

850^th place

625^th place

2nature.org

9,553^rd place

8,217^th place

2amphibiaweb.org

7,283^rd place

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2ydr.com

low place

1iucnredlist.org

88^th place

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1npr.org

92^nd place

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1wisc.edu

1,045^th place

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1ebeltz.net

low place

1mongabay.com

3,236^th place

2,966^th place

1animaldiversity.org

1,859^th place

1,573^rd place

1bioone.org

3,430^th place

3,114^th place

1uchicago.edu

230^th place

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1sciencedaily.com

993^rd place

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1wsj.com

79^th place

65^th place

1ohiodnr.gov

low place

1inquirer.com

1,227^th place

684^th place

1state.pa.us

2,762^nd place

1,498^th place

1chesapeakebaymagazine.com

low place

1smithsonianmag.com

503^rd place

364^th place

amphibiaweb.org

Cryptobranchus alleganiensis AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. 2012. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. Available: http://amphibiaweb.org/. (Accessed: 15 November 2012).
"AmphibiaWeb - Cryptobranchus alleganiensis". amphibiaweb.org. Retrieved 2025-04-09.

animaldiversity.org

Pike, Zeb. "Cryptobranchus alleganiensis (Hellbender)". Animal Diversity Web. Retrieved 2025-04-09.

bioone.org

Unger, Shem; Catherine M. Bodinof Jachowski; Diaz, Lauren; Williams, Lori A. (November 2020). "Shelter Guarding Behavior of the Eastern Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) in North Carolina Streams". Southeastern Naturalist. 19 (4). doi:10.1656/058.019.0411.short. ISSN 1528-7092. Archived from the original on 2024-09-05.

chesapeakebaymagazine.com

Bulletin, Bay (2019-04-16). "Hellbender Poised to Become Pa. State Amphibian". Chesapeake Bay Magazine. Retrieved 2023-11-07.

doi.org

Bredehoeft, Keila E.; Schubert, Blaine W. (2015). "A re-evaluation of the Pleistocene hellbender, Cryptobranchus guildayi ". Journal of Herpetology. 49: 157–160. doi:10.1670/12-222. S2CID 84731832.
IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. (2022). "Cryptobranchus alleganiensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T59077A82473431. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-2.RLTS.T59077A82473431.en.
Reimer, A.; Mase, A.; Mulvaney, K.; Mullendore, N.; Perry-Hill, R.; Prokopy, L. (June 2014) [22 October 2013]. "The impact of information and familiarity on public attitudes toward the eastern hellbender" (PDF). Animal Conservation. 17 (3): 235–243. Bibcode:2014AnCon..17..235R. doi:10.1111/acv.12085 – via ag.purdue.edu.
Humphries, W. Jeffrey; Pauley, Thomas K. (2005). "Life History of the Hellbender, Cryptobranchus alleganiensis, in a West Virginia Stream". The American Midland Naturalist. 154 (1): 135–142. doi:10.1674/0003-0031(2005)154[0135:LHOTHC]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0003-0031.
Pugh, M. W.; Groves, J.D.; Williams, L.A.; Gangloff, M.M. (2013). "A previously undocumented locality of eastern hellbenders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) in the Elk River, Carter County, TN". Southeastern Naturalist. 12 (1): 137–142. doi:10.1656/058.012.0111.
Unger, Shem D.; Jr, Olin E. Rhodes; Sutton, Trent M.; Williams, Rod N. (2013-10-18). "Population Genetics of the Eastern Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) across Multiple Spatial Scales". PLOS ONE. 8 (10): e74180. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...874180U. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0074180. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3800131. PMID 24204565.
Taber, Charles A.; Wilkinson, R. F.; Topping, Milton S. (1975). "Age and Growth of Hellbenders in the Niangua River, Missouri". Copeia. 1975 (4): 633–639. doi:10.2307/1443315. ISSN 0045-8511. JSTOR 1443315.
Guimond, R.W.; Hutchison, V.H. (21 December 1973). "Aquatic Respiration: An Unusual Strategy in the Hellbender Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis (Daudin)". Science. 182 (4118): 1263–1265. Bibcode:1973Sci...182.1263G. doi:10.1126/science.182.4118.1263. PMID 17811319. S2CID 43586570.
Crowhurst, R.S.; Faries, K.M.; Collantes, J.; Briggler, J.T.; Koppelman, J.B.; Eggert, L.S. (28 December 2010). "Genetic relationships of hellbenders in the Ozark highlands of Missouri and conservation implications for the Ozark subspecies (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi)". Conservation Genetics. 12 (3): 637–646. doi:10.1007/s10592-010-0170-0. S2CID 24257951.
Sabatino, Stephen J.; Routman, Eric J. (October 2009). "Phylogeography and conservation genetics of the hellbender salamander (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis)". Conservation Genetics. 10 (5): 1235–1246. Bibcode:2009ConG...10.1235S. doi:10.1007/s10592-008-9655-5. S2CID 12703020.
Peterson, C.L; Metter, D.E.; Miller, B.T.; Wilkinson, R.F.; Topping, M.S. (April 1988). "Demography of the Hellbender Cryptobranchus alleganiensis in the Ozarks". American Midland Naturalist. 199 (2): 291–303. doi:10.2307/2425812. JSTOR 2425812. S2CID 85842376.
Albanese, Brett; Jensen, John B.; Unger, Shem D. (2011). "'Occurrence of the Eastern Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) in the Coosawattee River System (Mobile River Basin), Georgia". Southeastern Naturalist. 10 (1): 181–184. doi:10.1656/058.010.0116. S2CID 84971915.
Catherine M. Bodinof, Jeffrey T. Briggler, Randall E. Junge, Tony Mong, Jeff Beringer, Mark D. Wanner, Chawna D. Schuette, Jeff Ettling, Joshua J. Millspaugh; Survival and Body Condition of Captive-Reared Juvenile Ozark Hellbenders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi) Following Translocation to the Wild. Copeia 30 March 2012; 2012 (1): 150–159. doi: https://doi.org/10.1643/CH-11-024
Swanson, P.L. (September 1948). "Notes on the Amphibians of Venango County, Pennsylvania". American Midland Naturalist. 40 (2): 362–371. doi:10.2307/2421606. JSTOR 2421606. S2CID 87410957.
Humphries, W.J.; Pauley, T.K. (December 2000). "Seasonal Changes in Nocturnal Activity of the Hellbender, Cryptobranchus alleganiensis, in West Virginia". Journal of Herpetology. 34 (4): 604–607. doi:10.2307/1565279. JSTOR 1565279.
W. JEFFREY HUMPHRIES and THOMAS K. PAULEY "Life History of the Hellbender, Cryptobranchus alleganiensis, in a West Virginia Stream," The American Midland Naturalist 154(1), 135–142, (1 July 2005). https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031(2005)154[0135:LHOTHC]2.0.CO;2
Kenison, Erin K.; Williams, Rod N. (2018). "Training for Translocation: Predator Conditioning Induces Behavioral Plasticity and Physiological Changes in Captive Eastern Hellbenders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) (Cryptobranchidae, Amphibia)". Diversity. 10 (1): 13. Bibcode:2018Diver..10...13K. doi:10.3390/d10010013. ISSN 1424-2818.
Deban, Stephen M.; O’Reilly, James C. (2005). "The ontogeny of feeding kinematics in a giant salamander Cryptobranchus alleganiensis: Does current function or phylogenetic relatedness predict the scaling patterns of movement?". Zoology. 108 (2): 155–167. Bibcode:2005Zool..108..155D. doi:10.1016/j.zool.2005.03.006. ISSN 0944-2006. PMID 16351963.
Unger, Shem; Catherine M. Bodinof Jachowski; Diaz, Lauren; Williams, Lori A. (November 2020). "Shelter Guarding Behavior of the Eastern Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) in North Carolina Streams". Southeastern Naturalist. 19 (4). doi:10.1656/058.019.0411.short. ISSN 1528-7092. Archived from the original on 2024-09-05.
Hopkins, William A.; Case, Brian F.; Groffen, Jordy; Brooks, George C.; Bodinof Jachowski, Catherine M.; Button, Sky T.; Hallagan, John J.; O’Brien, Rebecca S. M.; Kindsvater, Holly K. (2023-07-01). "Filial Cannibalism Leads to Chronic Nest Failure of Eastern Hellbender Salamanders ( Cryptobranchus alleganiensis )". The American Naturalist. 202 (1): 92–106. Bibcode:2023ANat..202...92H. doi:10.1086/724819. ISSN 0003-0147. PMID 37384763.
Galligan, Thomas M.; Helm, Richard F.; Case, Brian F.; Bodinof Jachowski, Catherine M.; Frazier, Clara L.; Alaasam, Valentina; Hopkins, William A. (2021-11-01). "Pre-breeding androgen and glucocorticoid profiles in the eastern hellbender salamander (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis)". General and Comparative Endocrinology. 313: 113899. doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113899. ISSN 0016-6480. PMID 34499909.
Hardman, Rebecca H.; Reinert, Laura K.; Irwin, Kelly J.; Oziminski, Kendall; Rollins-Smith, Louise; Miller, Debra L. (2023-02-03). "Disease state associated with chronic toe lesions in hellbenders may alter anti-chytrid skin defenses". Scientific Reports. 13 (1): 1982. Bibcode:2023NatSR..13.1982H. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-28334-4. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 9898527. PMID 36737574.

ebeltz.net

Beltz, Ellin (2006). "Bishop, Sherman Chauncey". Scientific and Common Names of the Reptiles and Amphibians of North America — Explained.

fws.gov

Mayasich, J.; Grandmaison, D.; Phillips, C. (June 2003) Eastern Hellbender Status Assessment Report
"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Lists the Ozark Hellbender as Endangered and Moves to Include Hellbenders in Appendix III of CITES" (Press release). U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2011-10-05. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
"The Ozark Hellbender – Can We Save It?". U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Retrieved 26 January 2013.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Reimer, A.; Mase, A.; Mulvaney, K.; Mullendore, N.; Perry-Hill, R.; Prokopy, L. (June 2014) [22 October 2013]. "The impact of information and familiarity on public attitudes toward the eastern hellbender" (PDF). Animal Conservation. 17 (3): 235–243. Bibcode:2014AnCon..17..235R. doi:10.1111/acv.12085 – via ag.purdue.edu.
Unger, Shem D.; Jr, Olin E. Rhodes; Sutton, Trent M.; Williams, Rod N. (2013-10-18). "Population Genetics of the Eastern Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) across Multiple Spatial Scales". PLOS ONE. 8 (10): e74180. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...874180U. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0074180. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3800131. PMID 24204565.
Guimond, R.W.; Hutchison, V.H. (21 December 1973). "Aquatic Respiration: An Unusual Strategy in the Hellbender Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis (Daudin)". Science. 182 (4118): 1263–1265. Bibcode:1973Sci...182.1263G. doi:10.1126/science.182.4118.1263. PMID 17811319. S2CID 43586570.
Sabatino, Stephen J.; Routman, Eric J. (October 2009). "Phylogeography and conservation genetics of the hellbender salamander (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis)". Conservation Genetics. 10 (5): 1235–1246. Bibcode:2009ConG...10.1235S. doi:10.1007/s10592-008-9655-5. S2CID 12703020.
Kenison, Erin K.; Williams, Rod N. (2018). "Training for Translocation: Predator Conditioning Induces Behavioral Plasticity and Physiological Changes in Captive Eastern Hellbenders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) (Cryptobranchidae, Amphibia)". Diversity. 10 (1): 13. Bibcode:2018Diver..10...13K. doi:10.3390/d10010013. ISSN 1424-2818.
Deban, Stephen M.; O’Reilly, James C. (2005). "The ontogeny of feeding kinematics in a giant salamander Cryptobranchus alleganiensis: Does current function or phylogenetic relatedness predict the scaling patterns of movement?". Zoology. 108 (2): 155–167. Bibcode:2005Zool..108..155D. doi:10.1016/j.zool.2005.03.006. ISSN 0944-2006. PMID 16351963.
Hopkins, William A.; Case, Brian F.; Groffen, Jordy; Brooks, George C.; Bodinof Jachowski, Catherine M.; Button, Sky T.; Hallagan, John J.; O’Brien, Rebecca S. M.; Kindsvater, Holly K. (2023-07-01). "Filial Cannibalism Leads to Chronic Nest Failure of Eastern Hellbender Salamanders ( Cryptobranchus alleganiensis )". The American Naturalist. 202 (1): 92–106. Bibcode:2023ANat..202...92H. doi:10.1086/724819. ISSN 0003-0147. PMID 37384763.
Hardman, Rebecca H.; Reinert, Laura K.; Irwin, Kelly J.; Oziminski, Kendall; Rollins-Smith, Louise; Miller, Debra L. (2023-02-03). "Disease state associated with chronic toe lesions in hellbenders may alter anti-chytrid skin defenses". Scientific Reports. 13 (1): 1982. Bibcode:2023NatSR..13.1982H. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-28334-4. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 9898527. PMID 36737574.

inquirer.com

Frank Kummer, "Seriously? Battle looms over Pa. state amphibian: Hellbender vs. Wehrle's", Philadelphia Inquirer, November 16, 2017, https://www.inquirer.com/philly/health/environment/hellbender-snot-otter-pennsylvanias-official-amphibian-20171116.html

iucnredlist.org

IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. (2022). "Cryptobranchus alleganiensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T59077A82473431. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-2.RLTS.T59077A82473431.en.

jstor.org

Taber, Charles A.; Wilkinson, R. F.; Topping, Milton S. (1975). "Age and Growth of Hellbenders in the Niangua River, Missouri". Copeia. 1975 (4): 633–639. doi:10.2307/1443315. ISSN 0045-8511. JSTOR 1443315.
Peterson, C.L; Metter, D.E.; Miller, B.T.; Wilkinson, R.F.; Topping, M.S. (April 1988). "Demography of the Hellbender Cryptobranchus alleganiensis in the Ozarks". American Midland Naturalist. 199 (2): 291–303. doi:10.2307/2425812. JSTOR 2425812. S2CID 85842376.
Williams, R.D.; Gates, J.T.; Hocutt, C.H; Taylor, G.J. (1981). "The Hellbender: A Nongame Species in Need of Management". Wildlife Society Bulletin. 9 (2): 94–100. JSTOR 3781577.
Swanson, P.L. (September 1948). "Notes on the Amphibians of Venango County, Pennsylvania". American Midland Naturalist. 40 (2): 362–371. doi:10.2307/2421606. JSTOR 2421606. S2CID 87410957.
Humphries, W.J.; Pauley, T.K. (December 2000). "Seasonal Changes in Nocturnal Activity of the Hellbender, Cryptobranchus alleganiensis, in West Virginia". Journal of Herpetology. 34 (4): 604–607. doi:10.2307/1565279. JSTOR 1565279.

mongabay.com

news.mongabay.com

"Newly described Chinese giant salamander may be world's largest amphibian". 17 September 2019.

nature.org

Hellbender salamander. The Nature Conservancy. (n.d.). Retrieved April 20, 2022, from https://www.nature.org/en-us/get-involved/how-to-help/animals-we-protect/hellbender-salamander/
"Hellbender Salamander". The Nature Conservancy. Retrieved 2023-01-24.

natureserve.org

explorer.natureserve.org

"NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 28 March 2022.
"NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 28 March 2022.
"NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 28 March 2022.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Unger, Shem D.; Jr, Olin E. Rhodes; Sutton, Trent M.; Williams, Rod N. (2013-10-18). "Population Genetics of the Eastern Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) across Multiple Spatial Scales". PLOS ONE. 8 (10): e74180. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...874180U. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0074180. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3800131. PMID 24204565.
Guimond, R.W.; Hutchison, V.H. (21 December 1973). "Aquatic Respiration: An Unusual Strategy in the Hellbender Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis (Daudin)". Science. 182 (4118): 1263–1265. Bibcode:1973Sci...182.1263G. doi:10.1126/science.182.4118.1263. PMID 17811319. S2CID 43586570.
Deban, Stephen M.; O’Reilly, James C. (2005). "The ontogeny of feeding kinematics in a giant salamander Cryptobranchus alleganiensis: Does current function or phylogenetic relatedness predict the scaling patterns of movement?". Zoology. 108 (2): 155–167. Bibcode:2005Zool..108..155D. doi:10.1016/j.zool.2005.03.006. ISSN 0944-2006. PMID 16351963.
Hopkins, William A.; Case, Brian F.; Groffen, Jordy; Brooks, George C.; Bodinof Jachowski, Catherine M.; Button, Sky T.; Hallagan, John J.; O’Brien, Rebecca S. M.; Kindsvater, Holly K. (2023-07-01). "Filial Cannibalism Leads to Chronic Nest Failure of Eastern Hellbender Salamanders ( Cryptobranchus alleganiensis )". The American Naturalist. 202 (1): 92–106. Bibcode:2023ANat..202...92H. doi:10.1086/724819. ISSN 0003-0147. PMID 37384763.
Galligan, Thomas M.; Helm, Richard F.; Case, Brian F.; Bodinof Jachowski, Catherine M.; Frazier, Clara L.; Alaasam, Valentina; Hopkins, William A. (2021-11-01). "Pre-breeding androgen and glucocorticoid profiles in the eastern hellbender salamander (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis)". General and Comparative Endocrinology. 313: 113899. doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113899. ISSN 0016-6480. PMID 34499909.
Hardman, Rebecca H.; Reinert, Laura K.; Irwin, Kelly J.; Oziminski, Kendall; Rollins-Smith, Louise; Miller, Debra L. (2023-02-03). "Disease state associated with chronic toe lesions in hellbenders may alter anti-chytrid skin defenses". Scientific Reports. 13 (1): 1982. Bibcode:2023NatSR..13.1982H. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-28334-4. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 9898527. PMID 36737574.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Unger, Shem D.; Jr, Olin E. Rhodes; Sutton, Trent M.; Williams, Rod N. (2013-10-18). "Population Genetics of the Eastern Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) across Multiple Spatial Scales". PLOS ONE. 8 (10): e74180. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...874180U. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0074180. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3800131. PMID 24204565.
Hardman, Rebecca H.; Reinert, Laura K.; Irwin, Kelly J.; Oziminski, Kendall; Rollins-Smith, Louise; Miller, Debra L. (2023-02-03). "Disease state associated with chronic toe lesions in hellbenders may alter anti-chytrid skin defenses". Scientific Reports. 13 (1): 1982. Bibcode:2023NatSR..13.1982H. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-28334-4. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 9898527. PMID 36737574.

npr.org

Sofia, Madeline K. (14 September 2017). "Snot otters get a second chance in Ohio". National Public Radio. Snot otter; lasagna lizard: Pick your favorite nickname for the Eastern hellbender salamander.

ohiodnr.gov

"Ohio's Hellbender Population Set Up for Success" (Press release). Ohio Department of Natural Resources. 9 October 2014. Retrieved 10 January 2015.

purdue.edu

ag.purdue.edu

Johnson, Tom R.; Briggler, Jeff (2004). The Hellbender (PDF) (Report). Herpetology Lab. Jefferson City, MO: The Conservation Commission of the State of Missouri. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 May 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
Reimer, A.; Mase, A.; Mulvaney, K.; Mullendore, N.; Perry-Hill, R.; Prokopy, L. (June 2014) [22 October 2013]. "The impact of information and familiarity on public attitudes toward the eastern hellbender" (PDF). Animal Conservation. 17 (3): 235–243. Bibcode:2014AnCon..17..235R. doi:10.1111/acv.12085 – via ag.purdue.edu.

sciencedaily.com

Saint Louis Zoo (1 December 2011). "World's first captive breeding of Ozark hellbenders". ScienceDaily. Retrieved 15 November 2012.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Bredehoeft, Keila E.; Schubert, Blaine W. (2015). "A re-evaluation of the Pleistocene hellbender, Cryptobranchus guildayi ". Journal of Herpetology. 49: 157–160. doi:10.1670/12-222. S2CID 84731832.
Guimond, R.W.; Hutchison, V.H. (21 December 1973). "Aquatic Respiration: An Unusual Strategy in the Hellbender Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis (Daudin)". Science. 182 (4118): 1263–1265. Bibcode:1973Sci...182.1263G. doi:10.1126/science.182.4118.1263. PMID 17811319. S2CID 43586570.
Crowhurst, R.S.; Faries, K.M.; Collantes, J.; Briggler, J.T.; Koppelman, J.B.; Eggert, L.S. (28 December 2010). "Genetic relationships of hellbenders in the Ozark highlands of Missouri and conservation implications for the Ozark subspecies (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi)". Conservation Genetics. 12 (3): 637–646. doi:10.1007/s10592-010-0170-0. S2CID 24257951.
Sabatino, Stephen J.; Routman, Eric J. (October 2009). "Phylogeography and conservation genetics of the hellbender salamander (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis)". Conservation Genetics. 10 (5): 1235–1246. Bibcode:2009ConG...10.1235S. doi:10.1007/s10592-008-9655-5. S2CID 12703020.
Peterson, C.L; Metter, D.E.; Miller, B.T.; Wilkinson, R.F.; Topping, M.S. (April 1988). "Demography of the Hellbender Cryptobranchus alleganiensis in the Ozarks". American Midland Naturalist. 199 (2): 291–303. doi:10.2307/2425812. JSTOR 2425812. S2CID 85842376.
Albanese, Brett; Jensen, John B.; Unger, Shem D. (2011). "'Occurrence of the Eastern Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) in the Coosawattee River System (Mobile River Basin), Georgia". Southeastern Naturalist. 10 (1): 181–184. doi:10.1656/058.010.0116. S2CID 84971915.
Swanson, P.L. (September 1948). "Notes on the Amphibians of Venango County, Pennsylvania". American Midland Naturalist. 40 (2): 362–371. doi:10.2307/2421606. JSTOR 2421606. S2CID 87410957.

smithsonianmag.com

Mastro, Michelle. "Why Has This North Carolina Town Embraced a Strange Salamander?". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved 2025-06-17.

state.pa.us

legis.state.pa.us

"Bill Information - Senate Bill 9; Regular Session 2019-2020".

uchicago.edu

journals.uchicago.edu

Hopkins, William A.; Case, Brian F.; Groffen, Jordy; Brooks, George C.; Bodinof Jachowski, Catherine M.; Button, Sky T.; Hallagan, John J.; O’Brien, Rebecca S. M.; Kindsvater, Holly K. (2023-07-01). "Filial Cannibalism Leads to Chronic Nest Failure of Eastern Hellbender Salamanders ( Cryptobranchus alleganiensis )". The American Naturalist. 202 (1): 92–106. Bibcode:2023ANat..202...92H. doi:10.1086/724819. ISSN 0003-0147. PMID 37384763.

web.archive.org

Johnson, Tom R.; Briggler, Jeff (2004). The Hellbender (PDF) (Report). Herpetology Lab. Jefferson City, MO: The Conservation Commission of the State of Missouri. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 May 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
Miller, Jessica J. "Cryptobranchus alleganiensis". amphibiainfo.com. Caudata database. livingunderworld.org. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014. Retrieved 12 November 2012.
Unger, Shem; Catherine M. Bodinof Jachowski; Diaz, Lauren; Williams, Lori A. (November 2020). "Shelter Guarding Behavior of the Eastern Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) in North Carolina Streams". Southeastern Naturalist. 19 (4). doi:10.1656/058.019.0411.short. ISSN 1528-7092. Archived from the original on 2024-09-05.

wisc.edu

dare.wisc.edu

"grampus". Dictionary of American Regional English. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin. Spring 2020. Quarterly update 20 – via dare.wisc.edu.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Humphries, W. Jeffrey; Pauley, Thomas K. (2005). "Life History of the Hellbender, Cryptobranchus alleganiensis, in a West Virginia Stream". The American Midland Naturalist. 154 (1): 135–142. doi:10.1674/0003-0031(2005)154[0135:LHOTHC]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0003-0031.
Unger, Shem D.; Jr, Olin E. Rhodes; Sutton, Trent M.; Williams, Rod N. (2013-10-18). "Population Genetics of the Eastern Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) across Multiple Spatial Scales". PLOS ONE. 8 (10): e74180. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...874180U. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0074180. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3800131. PMID 24204565.
Taber, Charles A.; Wilkinson, R. F.; Topping, Milton S. (1975). "Age and Growth of Hellbenders in the Niangua River, Missouri". Copeia. 1975 (4): 633–639. doi:10.2307/1443315. ISSN 0045-8511. JSTOR 1443315.
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wsj.com

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"The hellbender is one step closer to becoming the official PA state amphibian".
B. J. Small, "The Hellbender is One Step Closer to Becoming the Official PA State Amphibian", York Daily Record, January 29, 2019.