History of Istanbul (English Wikipedia)

Herodotus Histories 4.144, translated in De Sélincourt 2003, p. 288 De Sélincourt, Aubery (2003). Marincola, John M. (ed.). The Histories. Penguin Classics. London: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-044908-2.
Robson, Stuart (2007). The First World War (1 ed.). Harrow, England: Pearson Longman. pp. 37–39. ISBN 978-1-4058-2471-2 – via Archive Foundation.

aviationsourcenews.com

Field, James (4 March 2023). "4 Years On: How Is Istanbul's New Airport Performing?". AviationSource News.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

"Istanbul's ancient past unearthed". BBC. 10 January 2009. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
BBC: "Istanbul's ancient past unearthed" Published on 10 January 2007. Retrieved on 3 March 2010.

bianet.org

"25th Anniversary of Gazi Massacre Marked". bianet.org.

books.google.com

Bloom, Jonathan; Blair, Sheila S.; Blair, Sheila (14 May 2009). Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art & Architecture: Three-Volume Set. OUP USA. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-19-530991-1.
Smith, William George (1860). A New Classical Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography, Mythology and Geography. p. 1003.
Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (1 January 2007). Historic Cities of the Islamic World. BRILL. p. 210. ISBN 978-90-04-15388-2.
Stephen Pope; Elizabeth-Anne Wheal (1995). "Select Chronology". Dictionary of the First World War. Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-85052-979-1.

britannica.com

"Istanbul | History, Population, Map, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 4 August 2021.

byzantium1200.com

Byzantium 1200: Monastery of Saint George of the Mangana

cnn.com

edition.cnn.com

Ebrahim, Nadeen (31 May 2023). "Erdogan intent on taking back Istanbul after presidential victory". CNN.
Kottasová, Isil Sariyuce, Ivana (23 June 2019). "Istanbul election rerun won by opposition, in blow to Erdogan". CNN.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

doi.org

Algan, O.; Yalçın, M.N.K.; Özdoğan, M.; Yılmaz, Y.C.; Sarı, E.; Kırcı-Elmas, E.; Yılmaz, İ.; Bulkan, Ö.; Ongan, D.; Gazioğlu, C.; Nazik, A.; Polat, M.A.; Meriç, E. (2011). "Holocene coastal change in the ancient harbor of Yenikapı–İstanbul and its impact on cultural history". Quaternary Research. 76 (1): 30. Bibcode:2011QuRes..76...30A. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2011.04.002. S2CID 129280217.
Georgacas, Demetrius John (1947). "The Names of Constantinople". Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association. 78. The Johns Hopkins University Press: 347–67. doi:10.2307/283503. JSTOR 283503.
Chen, Yuan Julian (11 October 2021). "Between the Islamic and Chinese Universal Empires: The Ottoman Empire, Ming Dynasty, and Global Age of Explorations". Journal of Early Modern History. 25 (5): 422–456. doi:10.1163/15700658-bja10030. ISSN 1385-3783. S2CID 244587800.

dw.com

"Turkey arrests 17 over Istanbul bombing – DW – 11/18/2022". dw.com.

greece.org

Hatzopoulos, Dionysios. "The Fall of Constantinople." http://www.greece.org/Romiosini/fall.html (accessed 2012-05-31). p. 6
Hatzopoulos, Dionysios. "The Fall of Constantinople." http://www.greece.org/Romiosini/fall.html (accessed 2/10/08). p. 7
Hatzopoulos, Dionysios. "The Fall of Constantinople." http://www.greece.org/Romiosini/fall.html (accessed 2/10/08). pp. 4–10

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Algan, O.; Yalçın, M.N.K.; Özdoğan, M.; Yılmaz, Y.C.; Sarı, E.; Kırcı-Elmas, E.; Yılmaz, İ.; Bulkan, Ö.; Ongan, D.; Gazioğlu, C.; Nazik, A.; Polat, M.A.; Meriç, E. (2011). "Holocene coastal change in the ancient harbor of Yenikapı–İstanbul and its impact on cultural history". Quaternary Research. 76 (1): 30. Bibcode:2011QuRes..76...30A. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2011.04.002. S2CID 129280217.

historytoday.com

Mansel, Philip (July 2003). "Europe's Muslim Capital". History Today. 53 (6).

hurriyet.com.tr

"Bu keşif tarihi değiştirir". hurriyet.com.tr.
Hürriyet: Bu keşif tarihi değiştirir (2 October 2008)

fotogaleri.hurriyet.com.tr

"Marmaray kazılarında tarih gün ışığına çıktı". fotogaleri.hurriyet.com.tr.
Hürriyet: Photos from the Neolithic site, circa 6500 BC

istanbul-international-airport.com

"Istanbul International Airport (IST) | The New Istanbul Airport". Istanbul International Airport.

jstor.org

Georgacas, Demetrius John (1947). "The Names of Constantinople". Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association. 78. The Johns Hopkins University Press: 347–67. doi:10.2307/283503. JSTOR 283503.

kultur.gov.tr

"Cultural Details of Istanbul". Republic of Turkey, Minister of Culture and Tourism. Archived from the original on 12 September 2007. Retrieved 2 October 2007.
"Cultural Details of Istanbul". Republic of Turkey, Minister of Culture and Tourism. Retrieved 2 October 2007.

masseiana.org

"Pliny the Elder, book IV, chapter XI". 29 December 2016. Archived from the original on 29 December 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2021. On leaving the Dardanelles we come to the Bay of Casthenes, ... and the promontory of the Golden Horn, on which is the town of Byzantium, a free state, formerly called Lygos; it is 711 miles from Durazzo,...
Pliny the Elder, book IV, chapter XI:
"On leaving the Dardanelles we come to the Bay of Casthenes, ... and the promontory of the Golden Horn, on which is the town of Byzantium, a free state, formerly called Lygos; it is 711 miles from Durazzo, ..." Archived 1 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine

multeciler.org.tr

"Number of Syrians in Turkey July 2023 – Refugees Association". multeciler.org.tr.

newadvent.org

Vailhé, S. (1908). "Constantinople". Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 4. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved 12 September 2007.

nytimes.com

"Topics of the Times: The Passing of Constantinople". New York Times. 15 November 1929. p. 19.
"Washington Accepts "Istanbul" As Replacing "Constantinople"". The New York Times. 28 May 1930. Retrieved 1 April 2020.

reuters.com

Karakas, Burcu (26 May 2023). "Ten years after Turkey's Gezi protests, some say vote a chance for justice". Reuters.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Algan, O.; Yalçın, M.N.K.; Özdoğan, M.; Yılmaz, Y.C.; Sarı, E.; Kırcı-Elmas, E.; Yılmaz, İ.; Bulkan, Ö.; Ongan, D.; Gazioğlu, C.; Nazik, A.; Polat, M.A.; Meriç, E. (2011). "Holocene coastal change in the ancient harbor of Yenikapı–İstanbul and its impact on cultural history". Quaternary Research. 76 (1): 30. Bibcode:2011QuRes..76...30A. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2011.04.002. S2CID 129280217.
Chen, Yuan Julian (11 October 2021). "Between the Islamic and Chinese Universal Empires: The Ottoman Empire, Ming Dynasty, and Global Age of Explorations". Journal of Early Modern History. 25 (5): 422–456. doi:10.1163/15700658-bja10030. ISSN 1385-3783. S2CID 244587800.

tulane.edu

Harl, Kenneth (26 August 2015). "Early Medieval and Byzantine Civilization: Constantine to Crusades". Archived from the original on 26 August 2015. Retrieved 4 August 2021.

web.archive.org

"Cultural Details of Istanbul". Republic of Turkey, Minister of Culture and Tourism. Archived from the original on 12 September 2007. Retrieved 2 October 2007.
"Pliny the Elder, book IV, chapter XI". 29 December 2016. Archived from the original on 29 December 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2021. On leaving the Dardanelles we come to the Bay of Casthenes, ... and the promontory of the Golden Horn, on which is the town of Byzantium, a free state, formerly called Lygos; it is 711 miles from Durazzo,...
Harl, Kenneth (26 August 2015). "Early Medieval and Byzantine Civilization: Constantine to Crusades". Archived from the original on 26 August 2015. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
Pliny the Elder, book IV, chapter XI:
"On leaving the Dardanelles we come to the Bay of Casthenes, ... and the promontory of the Golden Horn, on which is the town of Byzantium, a free state, formerly called Lygos; it is 711 miles from Durazzo, ..." Archived 1 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Chen, Yuan Julian (11 October 2021). "Between the Islamic and Chinese Universal Empires: The Ottoman Empire, Ming Dynasty, and Global Age of Explorations". Journal of Early Modern History. 25 (5): 422–456. doi:10.1163/15700658-bja10030. ISSN 1385-3783. S2CID 244587800.