Immigration to Brazil (English Wikipedia)

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The figure for Arab immigrants is based in Jeff Lesser. Negotiating national identity: immigrants, minorities, and the struggle for ethnicity in Brazil, p. 8, at Google Books, Table 1, which gives 140,464 "Middle Eastern" immigrants for the period 1880–1969. Non-Arab Middle Easterners (mainly Iranian/Persians and Turks) have been in small numbers, as can be seen in the same book, table 3, p. 49.; and the numbers of Arab immigrants have been small before 1880 and after 1969.Jeffrey Lesser. Negotiating national identity: immigrants, minorities, and the struggle for ethnicity in Brazil. Table 3, p. 94, at Google Books, p. 94. (the original source, reported in the book, is Revista de Imigração e Colonização 1, n. 03 (July 1940): 617–638.) The total figure, 107,135, includes some non-Arabs, such as Greeks and Armenians (826). Notice that while most Levantine immigrants fall under "Turks", this is actually a misnomer, as it refers to the passport (of the Ottoman Empire) used in their arrival to Brazil.
O papel da migração internacional na evolução da população brasileira (1872 a 1972) Archived 15 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Tabela 2. p. 74. For this table, the sum for the period 1820–1971 is given. The figure for Arab immigrants is based in Jeff Lesser. Negotiating national identity: immigrants, minorities, and the struggle for ethnicity in Brazil, p. 8, at Google Books, Table 1, which gives 140,464 "Middle Eastern" immigrants for the period 1880–1969. Non-arab middle easterners (mainly Iranian/Persians and Turks) have been in small numbers, as can be seen in the same book, table 3, p. 49.; and the numbers of Arab immigrants have been small before 1880 and after 1969.
John Tofik Karam. Another arabesque: Syrian-Lebanese ethnicity in neoliberal Brazil, p. 11, at Google Books

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O papel da migração internacional na evolução da população brasileira (1872 a 1972) Archived 15 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Tabela 2. p. 74. For this table, the sum for the period 1820–1971 is given. The figure for Arab immigrants is based in Jeff Lesser. Negotiating national identity: immigrants, minorities, and the struggle for ethnicity in Brazil, p. 8, at Google Books, Table 1, which gives 140,464 "Middle Eastern" immigrants for the period 1880–1969. Non-arab middle easterners (mainly Iranian/Persians and Turks) have been in small numbers, as can be seen in the same book, table 3, p. 49.; and the numbers of Arab immigrants have been small before 1880 and after 1969.

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Levy, Maria Stella Ferreira (June 1974). "Revista de Saúde Pública – The role of international migration on the evolution of the Brazilian population (1872 to 1972)". Revista de Saúde Pública. 8: 49–90. doi:10.1590/S0034-89101974000500003.
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