Indian Ocean garbage patch (English Wikipedia)

For a discussion of the current sampling techniques and particle size, see Peter Ryan, Charles Moore et al., Monitoring the abundance of plastic debris in the marine environment. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 27 July 2009 vol. 364 no. 1526 1999–2012, doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0207
Connan, Maëlle; Perold, Vonica; Dilley, Ben J.; Barbraud, Christophe; Cherel, Yves; Ryan, Peter G. (1 August 2021). "The Indian Ocean 'garbage patch': Empirical evidence from floating macro-litter". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 169: 112559. Bibcode:2021MarPB.16912559C. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112559. ISSN 0025-326X. PMID 34116371. S2CID 235411945.
Christian Schmidt; Tobias Krauth; Stephan Wagner (11 October 2017). "Export of Plastic Debris by Rivers into the Sea" (PDF). Environmental Science & Technology. 51 (21): 12246–12253. Bibcode:2017EnST...5112246S. doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b02368. PMID 29019247. The 10 top-ranked rivers transport 88–95% of the global load into the sea

dw.com

p.dw.com

Harald Franzen (30 November 2017). "Almost all plastic in the ocean comes from just 10 rivers". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 18 December 2018. It turns out that about 90 percent of all the plastic that reaches the world's oceans gets flushed through just 10 rivers: The Yangtze, the Indus, Yellow River, Hai River, the Nile, the Ganges, Pearl River, Amur River, the Niger, and the Mekong (in that order).

geomar.de

oceanrep.geomar.de

Christian Schmidt; Tobias Krauth; Stephan Wagner (11 October 2017). "Export of Plastic Debris by Rivers into the Sea" (PDF). Environmental Science & Technology. 51 (21): 12246–12253. Bibcode:2017EnST...5112246S. doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b02368. PMID 29019247. The 10 top-ranked rivers transport 88–95% of the global load into the sea

ggu.edu

digitalcommons.law.ggu.edu

Transoceanic Trash: International and United States Strategies for the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, Susan L. Dautel, 3 Golden Gate U. Envtl. L.J. 181 (2009)

hakaimagazine.com

"The Indian Ocean's Great Disappearing Garbage Patch". Hakai Magazine. Retrieved 22 September 2021.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Connan, Maëlle; Perold, Vonica; Dilley, Ben J.; Barbraud, Christophe; Cherel, Yves; Ryan, Peter G. (1 August 2021). "The Indian Ocean 'garbage patch': Empirical evidence from floating macro-litter". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 169: 112559. Bibcode:2021MarPB.16912559C. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112559. ISSN 0025-326X. PMID 34116371. S2CID 235411945.
Christian Schmidt; Tobias Krauth; Stephan Wagner (11 October 2017). "Export of Plastic Debris by Rivers into the Sea" (PDF). Environmental Science & Technology. 51 (21): 12246–12253. Bibcode:2017EnST...5112246S. doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b02368. PMID 29019247. The 10 top-ranked rivers transport 88–95% of the global load into the sea

katu.com

"OSU: Reports of giant ocean 'garbage patch' are exaggerated". 4 January 2011. Archived from the original on 14 February 2011. Retrieved 7 January 2011.

marinebio.org

"Ocean Geography ~ MarineBio Conservation Society". www.marinebio.org. 17 June 2018. Retrieved 17 September 2021.

mindfully.org

Moore, Charles (November 2003). "Across the Pacific Ocean, plastics, plastics, everywhere". Natural History Magazine. Archived from the original on 6 July 2009.

nationalgeographic.com

"Plane Search Shows World's Oceans Are Full of Trash". Science. 5 April 2014. Archived from the original on 26 February 2021. Retrieved 22 September 2021.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Connan, Maëlle; Perold, Vonica; Dilley, Ben J.; Barbraud, Christophe; Cherel, Yves; Ryan, Peter G. (1 August 2021). "The Indian Ocean 'garbage patch': Empirical evidence from floating macro-litter". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 169: 112559. Bibcode:2021MarPB.16912559C. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112559. ISSN 0025-326X. PMID 34116371. S2CID 235411945.
Christian Schmidt; Tobias Krauth; Stephan Wagner (11 October 2017). "Export of Plastic Debris by Rivers into the Sea" (PDF). Environmental Science & Technology. 51 (21): 12246–12253. Bibcode:2017EnST...5112246S. doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b02368. PMID 29019247. The 10 top-ranked rivers transport 88–95% of the global load into the sea

noaa.gov

swfsc.noaa.gov

Day, Robert H.; Shaw, David G.; Ignell, Steven E. (April 1988). "Quantitative distribution and characteristics of neustonic plastic in the North Pacific Ocean. Final Report to US Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Auke Bay Laboratory. Auke Bay, AK" (PDF). pp. 247–266.

oceanservice.noaa.gov

US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. "Ocean Garbage Patches". oceanservice.noaa.gov. Retrieved 22 September 2021.

rivistasitiunesco.it

"Rifiuti diventano stato, Unesco riconosce 'Garbage Patch'" [Waste becomes state, Unesco recognizes 'Garbage Patch']. www.rivistasitiunesco.it (in Italian). 14 July 2014. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014.

santacruzsentinel.com

Our Ocean Backyard: Exploring plastic seas Archived 20 June 2010 at the Wayback Machine, Dan Haifley, 15 May 2010, Santa Cruz Sentinel

sciencedirect.com

Connan, Maëlle; Perold, Vonica; Dilley, Ben J.; Barbraud, Christophe; Cherel, Yves; Ryan, Peter G. (1 August 2021). "The Indian Ocean 'garbage patch': Empirical evidence from floating macro-litter". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 169: 112559. Bibcode:2021MarPB.16912559C. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112559. ISSN 0025-326X. PMID 34116371. S2CID 235411945.

scientificamerican.com

Will Dunham (12 February 2019). "World's Oceans Clogged by Millions of Tons of Plastic Trash". Scientific American. Retrieved 31 July 2019. China was responsible for the most ocean plastic pollution per year with an estimated 2.4 million tons, about 30 percent of the global total, followed by Indonesia, the Philippines, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Egypt, Malaysia, Nigeria and Bangladesh.

secureservercdn.net

Sesini, Marzia (August 2011). "The Garbage Patch In The Oceans: The Problem And Possible Solutions" (PDF). Columbia University.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Connan, Maëlle; Perold, Vonica; Dilley, Ben J.; Barbraud, Christophe; Cherel, Yves; Ryan, Peter G. (1 August 2021). "The Indian Ocean 'garbage patch': Empirical evidence from floating macro-litter". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 169: 112559. Bibcode:2021MarPB.16912559C. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112559. ISSN 0025-326X. PMID 34116371. S2CID 235411945.

sustainablebusiness.com

First Voyage to South Atlantic Pollution Site SustainableBusiness.com News access-date=10 December 2021

timeslive.co.za

Life aquatic choked by plastic Archived 14 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine 14 November 2010, Times Live

unesco.org

"The garbage patch territory turns into a new state". unesco.org. UNESCO Office in Venice. 11 April 2013. Retrieved 20 April 2018.

web.archive.org

New garbage patch discovered in Indian Ocean Archived 2 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Lori Bongiorno, Green Yahoo, 27 July 2010
Opinion: Islands are 'natural nets' for plastic-choked seas Archived 6 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine Marcus Eriksen for CNN, Petroleum, CNN Tech 24 June 2010
Our Ocean Backyard: Exploring plastic seas Archived 20 June 2010 at the Wayback Machine, Dan Haifley, 15 May 2010, Santa Cruz Sentinel
Life aquatic choked by plastic Archived 14 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine 14 November 2010, Times Live
"OSU: Reports of giant ocean 'garbage patch' are exaggerated". 4 January 2011. Archived from the original on 14 February 2011. Retrieved 7 January 2011.
"Plane Search Shows World's Oceans Are Full of Trash". Science. 5 April 2014. Archived from the original on 26 February 2021. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
"Rifiuti diventano stato, Unesco riconosce 'Garbage Patch'" [Waste becomes state, Unesco recognizes 'Garbage Patch']. www.rivistasitiunesco.it (in Italian). 14 July 2014. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Connan, Maëlle; Perold, Vonica; Dilley, Ben J.; Barbraud, Christophe; Cherel, Yves; Ryan, Peter G. (1 August 2021). "The Indian Ocean 'garbage patch': Empirical evidence from floating macro-litter". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 169: 112559. Bibcode:2021MarPB.16912559C. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112559. ISSN 0025-326X. PMID 34116371. S2CID 235411945.

yahoo.com

green.yahoo.com

New garbage patch discovered in Indian Ocean Archived 2 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Lori Bongiorno, Green Yahoo, 27 July 2010