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Thomassen, "Islamic Hell", Numen, 56, 2009: p.405 Thomassen, Einar (2009). "Islamic Hell". Numen. 56 (2–3): 401–416. doi:10.1163/156852709X405062. JSTOR 27793798. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
Lange, "Introducing Hell in Islamic Studies", 2016: p.7 Lange, Christian (2016). "Introducing Hell in Islamic Studies". In Christian Lange (ed.). Locating Hell in Islamic Traditions. BRILL. pp. 1–28. ISBN 978-90-04-30121-4. JSTOR 10.1163/j.ctt1w8h1w3.7.
Lange, Christian (2016). "Introducing Hell in Islamic Studies". Locating Hell in Islamic Traditions. BRILL. p. 12. ISBN 978-90-04-30121-4. JSTOR 10.1163/j.ctt1w8h1w3.7. 5 While, as noted above, some theologians held that only paradise was eternal, while Hell would eventually perish ( fanāʾ al-nār), the majority agreed that Hell too was eternal unto eternity, that is, a parte post (abad) (cf. Q 4:169, 5:119, passim)
Thomassen, "Islamic Hell", Numen, 56, 2009: p.413 Thomassen, Einar (2009). "Islamic Hell". Numen. 56 (2–3): 401–416. doi:10.1163/156852709X405062. JSTOR 27793798. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
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Thomassen, "Islamic Hell", Numen, 56, 2009: p.407 Thomassen, Einar (2009). "Islamic Hell". Numen. 56 (2–3): 401–416. doi:10.1163/156852709X405062. JSTOR 27793798. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
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Lange, "Introducing Hell in Islamic Studies", 2016: p.18 Lange, Christian (2016). "Introducing Hell in Islamic Studies". In Christian Lange (ed.). Locating Hell in Islamic Traditions. BRILL. pp. 1–28. ISBN 978-90-04-30121-4. JSTOR 10.1163/j.ctt1w8h1w3.7.
Abū Nuʿaym, Ḥilya iv, 2, 112; Qurṭubī, Tadhkira ii, 76–7, 130; Muttaqī, Kanz iii, 200, vi, 18. all quoted in Lange, "Introducing Hell in Islamic Studies", 2016: p.18 Lange, Christian (2016). "Introducing Hell in Islamic Studies". In Christian Lange (ed.). Locating Hell in Islamic Traditions. BRILL. pp. 1–28. ISBN 978-90-04-30121-4. JSTOR 10.1163/j.ctt1w8h1w3.7.
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verse 7:50 states "The companions of the Fire will call to the Companions of the Garden: 'Pour down to us water or anything that God doth provide'".Quran 7:50
Quran 6:132
Quran 67:7 Quran 67:7
Quran 73:13
Quran 86:7
Quran 39:36
Quran 17:60
Quran 37:62-68
Quran 44:43
Quran 56:52
Quran 56:39–55
Quran 6:128
Quran 11:107

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Cf. e.g.^[145]^[146] For more detailed accounts of the positions of the various schools and individual theologians see van Ess 1991–97, 4:1059: index, s.vv. "Hölle," "Höllenstrafe.") For a survey of more modern Muslim views on hell, see Smith & Haddad, Islamic Understanding, 1981: p.134-143; quoted in Thomassen, "Islamic Hell", Numen, 56, 2009: p.410 Smith, Jane I.; Haddad, Yvonne Y. (1981). The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection. Albany, N Y: SUNY Press. pp. 84–87.
Smith & Haddad, Islamic Understanding, 1981: p.86 Smith, Jane I.; Haddad, Yvonne Y. (1981). The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection. Albany, N Y: SUNY Press. pp. 84–87.
Smith & Haddad, Islamic Understanding, 1981: p.85-86 Smith, Jane I.; Haddad, Yvonne Y. (1981). The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection. Albany, N Y: SUNY Press. pp. 84–87.
Smith & Haddad, Islamic Understanding, 1981: p.66 Smith, Jane I.; Haddad, Yvonne Y. (1981). The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection. Albany, N Y: SUNY Press. pp. 84–87.
See also Smith & Haddad, Islamic Understanding, 1981: p.86-7 Smith, Jane I.; Haddad, Yvonne Y. (1981). The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection. Albany, N Y: SUNY Press. pp. 84–87.
T. Izutsu, The Concept of Belief in Islamic Theology, (1965), p. 37; quoted in Smith & Haddad, Islamic Understanding, 1981: p.22 Smith, Jane I.; Haddad, Yvonne Y. (1981). The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection. Albany, N Y: SUNY Press. pp. 84–87.
Smith & Haddad, Islamic Understanding, 1981: p.22 Smith, Jane I.; Haddad, Yvonne Y. (1981). The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection. Albany, N Y: SUNY Press. pp. 84–87.
Smith & Haddad, Islamic Understanding, 1981: p.21-25, 81 Smith, Jane I.; Haddad, Yvonne Y. (1981). The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection. Albany, N Y: SUNY Press. pp. 84–87.
Smith & Haddad, Islamic Understanding, 1981: p.23 Smith, Jane I.; Haddad, Yvonne Y. (1981). The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection. Albany, N Y: SUNY Press. pp. 84–87.
Smith & Haddad, Islamic Understanding, 1981: p.81–82 Smith, Jane I.; Haddad, Yvonne Y. (1981). The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection. Albany, N Y: SUNY Press. pp. 84–87.
Smith & Haddad, Islamic Understanding, 1981: p.93-95, 142–43 Smith, Jane I.; Haddad, Yvonne Y. (1981). The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection. Albany, N Y: SUNY Press. pp. 84–87.
Smith & Haddad, Islamic Understanding, 1981: p.100 Smith, Jane I.; Haddad, Yvonne Y. (1981). The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection. Albany, N Y: SUNY Press. pp. 84–87.
Smith & Haddad, Islamic Understanding, 1981: p.163 Smith, Jane I.; Haddad, Yvonne Y. (1981). The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection. Albany, N Y: SUNY Press. pp. 84–87.

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wiktionary.org

en.wiktionary.org

Arabic: جهنم, jahannam, but other names include "the fire" النار‎, al-nar,^[3] "blazing fire" جحيم‎, jaheem,^[4] "that which breaks to pieces" حطمة‎ hutamah,^[5] "the abyss" هاوية‎, haawiyah,^[6] "the blaze" سعير‎, sa’eer,^[7] "place of burning" سقر‎ Saqar, which are also often used as the names of different gates to hell.^[8]

worldcat.org

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Aḥmad ibn Idrīs (2000). The exoteric Aḥmad Ibn Idrīs : a Sufi's critique of the Madhāhib and the Wahhābīs : four Arabic texts with translation and commentary. Bernd Radtke. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. p. 194. ISBN 90-04-11375-4. OCLC 41601202.
Sijilmāsī, Aḥmad ibn al-Mubārak (2007). Pure gold from the words of Sayyidī ʻAbd al-ʻAzīz al-Dabbāgh = al-Dhabab al-Ibrīz min kalām Sayyidī ʻAbd al-ʻAzīz al-Dabbāgh. John O'Kane, Bernd Radtke. Leiden, the Netherlands. ISBN 978-90-474-3248-7. OCLC 310402464.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Between heaven and hell : Islam, salvation, and the fate of others. Khalil, Mohammad Hassan. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2013. p. 111. ISBN 9780199945412. OCLC 793726652.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)

worldcat.org

Aḥmad ibn Idrīs (2000). The exoteric Aḥmad Ibn Idrīs : a Sufi's critique of the Madhāhib and the Wahhābīs : four Arabic texts with translation and commentary. Bernd Radtke. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. p. 194. ISBN 90-04-11375-4. OCLC 41601202.
Sijilmāsī, Aḥmad ibn al-Mubārak (2007). Pure gold from the words of Sayyidī ʻAbd al-ʻAzīz al-Dabbāgh = al-Dhabab al-Ibrīz min kalām Sayyidī ʻAbd al-ʻAzīz al-Dabbāgh. John O'Kane, Bernd Radtke. Leiden, the Netherlands. ISBN 978-90-474-3248-7. OCLC 310402464.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

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Reynolds, Gabriel Said (19 March 2020). "Heaven, Hell, and Non-Muslims in the Qur'an". Yale Press Blog. Retrieved 5 February 2022.

yaqeeninstitute.org

Brown, Jonathan. "The Fate of Non-Muslims: Perspectives on Salvation Outside of Islam". yaqeen institute. Retrieved 5 February 2022.

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Şeyh Nazım Kıbrısi-Ahir zamanda katillik artar (1990), 15 March 2020, retrieved 2023-02-11
Naik, Zakir (Mar 6, 2021). "Will Good Righteous Non-Muslims like Mother Teresa go to Hell? – Dr Zakir Naik". YouTube. Retrieved 5 February 2022.