References analysis of the Wikipedia article "Kamma (caste)" in the English version

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Nāgabhūṣaṇaśarma, M.; Sastry, M. V.; Śēṣagirirāvu, C. (1995), History and culture of the Andhras, Telugu University, p. 80, ISBN 9788186073070 Quote: "Next to birth and profession, it was region which accounted for sectarian sub-divisions in all the castes like those of Kammanadu being called Kamma-Brahmana, Kamma-Kapu, Kamma-Sresthi and so on."

Sastry, P. V. Parabrahma (1996), Rural Studies in Early Andhra, V.R. Publication, p. 59 Quote: "The modern Kamma sect of people in Andhra desa is originally of the Kapu families hailing from Kamma nadu or Kamma rashtra of the medieval period."

Xiang, Biao (2007). Global "Body Shopping": An Indian Labor System in the Information Technology Industry. Princeton University Press. p. 31. ISBN 978-0-691-11852-9.

Lincoln, Bommala Abraham (1992), A study of place-names of Bāpaṭla Taluk: a study on onomastics, B. Subhashini, p. 118: "Here, Kamma indicates a stream. Cf: Gundlakamma: Prakasam District; Perakamma: a big Kamma, River Krishna"

Hanumantha Rao 1995, pp. 52–53. Hanumantha Rao, B. S. L. (1995). Socio-cultural history of ancient and medieval Andhra. Hyderabad: Telugu University. ISBN 9788186073087.

Pramila, Kasturi (1 January 2002), Economic and social conditions of Āndhra Deśa, A.D. 1000 to 1323 A.D., Bharatiay Kala Prakashan, p. 189, ISBN 9788186050927

Sarma, M Somasekhara; Sōmaśēkharaśarma, Mallampalli (1948), History of the Reddi Kingdoms (circa. 1325 A.D. to Circa 1448 A.D.), Andhra University, p. 278

Nāgabhūṣaṇaśarma, Modali; Sastry, Mudigonda Veerabhadra; Śēṣagirirāvu, Cīmakurti (1995), History and culture of the Andhras, Telugu University, p. 80, ISBN 9788186073070

Talbot, Austin Cynthia (2001), Pre-colonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra, Oxford University Press, p. 206, ISBN 978-0-19803-123-9

Hanumantha Rao 1995, p. 158. Hanumantha Rao, B. S. L. (1995). Socio-cultural history of ancient and medieval Andhra. Hyderabad: Telugu University. ISBN 9788186073087.

B. S. L. Hanumantha Rao, ed. (1995). Socio-cultural History of Ancient and Medieval Andhra. Telugu University. p. 158. ISBN 9788186073087. Krishnaraya's court also was dominated by Kamma officers and they entered into matrimonial alliance with the royal family. The honoured position that Telugu language occupied at Vijayanagara Court and rise of Telugu Colonies in the far south may reasonably be attributed to the influence of Kamma generals

Murthy, N. S. Ramachandra (1 January 1996). Forts of Āndhra Pradesh: From the Earliest Times Upto 16th C. A.D. Bharatiya Kala Prakashan. p. 202. ISBN 9788186050033.

"Proceedings Of The Annual Conference". South Indian History Congress. 18: 37. 1999.

Ramaswami, N. S. (1976). Temples of Tadpatri. Govt. of Andhra Pradesh. pp. 10–11.

D'Attilio, Daniel (1995). The Last Vijayanagara Kings: Overlordship and Underlordship in South India, 1550-1650. University of Wisconsin--Madison. p. 50.

Ray, Nisith Ranjan (1978). Sources of the History of India. Vol. 1. Institute of Historical Studies. p. 152.

Satyanarayana, A. (2007). Society, Economy, and Polity in Modern Andhra. Kanishka Publishers Distributors. p. 7. ISBN 978-81-7391-971-8.

Reddy, Pedarapu Chenna (1 January 2006). Readings In Society And Religion Of Medieval South India. Research India Press. p. 163. ISBN 9788189131043.

Proceedings of Seminar on Industries and Crafts in Andhra Desa, 17th and 18th Centuries, A.D. Department of History, Osmania University. 1996. p. 57.

Richards, John F. (1993). Power, administration, and finance in Mughal India. Variorum. p. 331. ISBN 978-0-86078-366-4.

Satyanarayana, A. (2007). Society, Economy, and Polity in Modern Andhra. Kanishka Publishers Distributors. pp. 6–7. ISBN 978-81-7391-971-8.

Richards, John F. (1970). Mughal Rule in Golconda, 1687-1724. University of California, Berkeley. p. 185.

Sherman, Taylor C. (25 August 2015). Muslim Belonging in Secular India. Cambridge University Press. p. 60. ISBN 978-1-107-09507-6.

Kumar, P. Pratap (2013). "Andhra Pradesh: Economic and social relations". In Berger, Peter; Heidemann, Frank (eds.). The Modern Anthropology of India: Ethnography, Themes and Theory. Routledge. p. 18. ISBN 9781134061112.

Satyanarayana, A. (1991). Andhra Peasants Under British Rule: Agrarian Relations and the Rural Economy 1900-1940. South Asia Publications. p. 108. ISBN 978-0-945921-16-5.

Pati, Biswamoy (25 February 2010). The Great Rebellion of 1857 in India: Exploring Transgressions, Contests and Diversities. Routledge. p. 170. ISBN 978-1-135-22514-8.

Chattopadhyaya, Haraprasad (1957). The Sepoy Mutiny, 1857: A Social Study and Analysis. Bookland. p. 77.

Bhattacharya, Sabyasachi (2002). Education and the disprivileged: nineteenth and twentieth century India. Orient Blackswan. p. 58. ISBN 978-81-250-2192-6.

Murali, Kanta (2 February 2017). Caste, Class, and Capital: The Social and Political Origins of Economic Policy in India. Cambridge University Press. p. 164. ISBN 978-1-108-17954-6.

Jodhka, Surinder S.; Naudet, Jules (15 May 2019). Mapping the Elite: Power, Privilege, and Inequality. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-909791-3.

Gopi, K. N. (1978), Process of Urban Fringe Development: A Model, Concept Publishing Company, p. 35

Bhattacharya, Sabyasachi (2002). Education and the disprivileged: nineteenth and twentieth century India. Orient Blackswan. p. 17. ISBN 978-81-250-2192-6.

Jaffrelot, Christophe (2002). "The subordinate caste revolution". In Alyssa Ayres; Philip Oldenburg (eds.). India briefing: quickening the pace of change. M. E. Sharpe. p. 138. ISBN 978-0-7656-0813-0.

Irschick, Eugene F. (3 September 2018). A History of the New India: Past and Present. Routledge. p. 164. ISBN 978-1-317-43617-1.

Rao, B. S. L. Hanumantha; India), Telugu University (Hyderabad (1995). Socio-cultural history of ancient and medieval Andhra. Telugu University. p. 157. ISBN 9788186073087. The Nayakas of Musunuru who are said to have been Kammas . . .
Ramaswamy, Vijaya (2014), "Mapping migrations of South Indian weavers before, during and after the Vijayanagara Period: Thirteenth and Eighteenth Centuries", in Lucassen, Jan; Lucassen, Leo (eds.), Globalising Migration History: The Eurasian Experience (16th-21st Centuries), BRILL, p. 99, ISBN 978-90-04-27136-4
A. Satyanarayana, ed. (2007). Society, Economy, and Polity in Modern Andhra. Kanishka Publishers Distributors. p. 7.
Kotta Bhavaiah Choudary, ed. (2007). A Brief History of the Kammas. The University of California. p. 63.
Kancha Ilaiah Shepherd, Karthik Raja Karuppusamy, ed. (2021). The Shudra: Vision for a New Path. Penguin Random House India Private Limited. p. 176. ISBN 9789390914241. Venkaiah Naidu, though he comes from the rich Shudra Kamma community, could not acquire any philosophically independent leadership status because he did not have the vision and courage to challenge RSS–BJP Brahminism.
Agarala Easwara Reddi, D. Sundar Ram, ed. (1994). State Politics in India: Reflections on Andhra Pradesh. M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. p. 102. ISBN 9788185880518. The rise to power of NTR , a Kamma , for the first time after 27 years of Congress Rule in Andhra Pradesh , did produce a reaction , particularly among the Congress
Erich Reiter, Peter Hazdra, ed. (2013). The Impact of Asian Powers on Global Developments. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 129. ISBN 9783662131725. A case in point is Chandrababu Naidu, Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh. He is a Kamma (Andhra peasant caste), which means that he can rely on the extensive rural base which supports his party "Telugu Desam" (= Telugu Land; Telugu is the language of Andhra Pradesh).
Harish Damodaran, ed. (2018). INDIA'S NEW CAPITALISTS: Caste, Business, and Industry in a Modern Nation. Hachette UK. p. 135. ISBN 9789351952800.

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Benbabaali, Caste Dominance and Territory in South India (2018), pp. 2–3; Keiko, Politics and representation of caste identity (2008), p. 356 Benbabaali, Dalel (2018), "Caste Dominance and Territory in South India: Understanding Kammas' socio-spatial mobility", Modern Asian Studies, 52 (6): 1938–1976, doi:10.1017/S0026749X16000755, ISSN 0026-749X, S2CID 150042014 Keiko, Yamada (2008), "Politics and representation of caste identity in regional historiography: A case study of Kammas in Andhra", The Indian Economic and Social History Review, 45 (3): 353–380, doi:10.1177/001946460804500302, S2CID 145663799

Benbabaali, Caste Dominance and Territory in South India (2018), pp. 6–7, 25–29, 29–30 Benbabaali, Dalel (2018), "Caste Dominance and Territory in South India: Understanding Kammas' socio-spatial mobility", Modern Asian Studies, 52 (6): 1938–1976, doi:10.1017/S0026749X16000755, ISSN 0026-749X, S2CID 150042014

Keiko, Politics and representation of caste identity (2008), p. 356: "their actual dominance was originally limited to two districts on the lower banks of the Krishna River, namely Krishna and Guntur districts." Keiko, Yamada (2008), "Politics and representation of caste identity in regional historiography: A case study of Kammas in Andhra", The Indian Economic and Social History Review, 45 (3): 353–380, doi:10.1177/001946460804500302, S2CID 145663799

Benbabaali, Caste Dominance and Territory in South India (2018), pp. 6–7: According to epigraphical records, the Krishna delta area was known as Kammanadu during the Chola empire—a toponym that probably came from the Buddhist monastic institutions called sanghakammas. Benbabaali, Dalel (2018), "Caste Dominance and Territory in South India: Understanding Kammas' socio-spatial mobility", Modern Asian Studies, 52 (6): 1938–1976, doi:10.1017/S0026749X16000755, ISSN 0026-749X, S2CID 150042014

Keiko, Politics and representation of caste identity (2008), p. 356: "Its historical prominence, however, derived from the fact that it opened into the extensive Deccan plateau." Keiko, Yamada (2008), "Politics and representation of caste identity in regional historiography: A case study of Kammas in Andhra", The Indian Economic and Social History Review, 45 (3): 353–380, doi:10.1177/001946460804500302, S2CID 145663799

Keiko, Politics and representation of caste identity (2008), pp. 357–359: "their population in the Krishna delta in the 1872 census was one-fourth of their total strength in the entire Madras Presidency, but had increased by 1921 to about 47 per cent." Keiko, Yamada (2008), "Politics and representation of caste identity in regional historiography: A case study of Kammas in Andhra", The Indian Economic and Social History Review, 45 (3): 353–380, doi:10.1177/001946460804500302, S2CID 145663799

Benbabaali, Caste Dominance and Territory in South India (2018), p. 7. Benbabaali, Dalel (2018), "Caste Dominance and Territory in South India: Understanding Kammas' socio-spatial mobility", Modern Asian Studies, 52 (6): 1938–1976, doi:10.1017/S0026749X16000755, ISSN 0026-749X, S2CID 150042014

Gough, Kathleen (26 February 1982). Rural Society in Southeast India. Cambridge University Press. p. 29. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511557606. ISBN 978-0-521-23889-2.

Frykenberg, Elite Groups in a South Indian District 2011, pp. 269–270. Frykenberg, Robert Eric (2011), "Elite Groups in a South Indian District: 1788–1858", The Journal of Asian Studies, 24 (2): 261–281, doi:10.2307/2050565, ISSN 0021-9118, JSTOR 2050565, S2CID 153984852

Benbabaali, Caste Dominance and Territory in South India (2018), pp. 8 Benbabaali, Dalel (2018), "Caste Dominance and Territory in South India: Understanding Kammas' socio-spatial mobility", Modern Asian Studies, 52 (6): 1938–1976, doi:10.1017/S0026749X16000755, ISSN 0026-749X, S2CID 150042014

Benbabaali, Caste Dominance and Territory in South India (2018), pp. 1946 Benbabaali, Dalel (2018), "Caste Dominance and Territory in South India: Understanding Kammas' socio-spatial mobility", Modern Asian Studies, 52 (6): 1938–1976, doi:10.1017/S0026749X16000755, ISSN 0026-749X, S2CID 150042014

Keiko, Politics and representation of caste identity (2008), p. 357. Keiko, Yamada (2008), "Politics and representation of caste identity in regional historiography: A case study of Kammas in Andhra", The Indian Economic and Social History Review, 45 (3): 353–380, doi:10.1177/001946460804500302, S2CID 145663799

Keiko, Politics and representation of caste identity (2008), pp. 358–359. Keiko, Yamada (2008), "Politics and representation of caste identity in regional historiography: A case study of Kammas in Andhra", The Indian Economic and Social History Review, 45 (3): 353–380, doi:10.1177/001946460804500302, S2CID 145663799

Keiko, Politics and representation of caste identity (2008), pp. 360–361. Keiko, Yamada (2008), "Politics and representation of caste identity in regional historiography: A case study of Kammas in Andhra", The Indian Economic and Social History Review, 45 (3): 353–380, doi:10.1177/001946460804500302, S2CID 145663799

Benbabaali, Caste Dominance and Territory in South India (2018), pp. 1947–1948 Benbabaali, Dalel (2018), "Caste Dominance and Territory in South India: Understanding Kammas' socio-spatial mobility", Modern Asian Studies, 52 (6): 1938–1976, doi:10.1017/S0026749X16000755, ISSN 0026-749X, S2CID 150042014

Keiko, Politics and representation of caste identity (2008), p. 356. Keiko, Yamada (2008), "Politics and representation of caste identity in regional historiography: A case study of Kammas in Andhra", The Indian Economic and Social History Review, 45 (3): 353–380, doi:10.1177/001946460804500302, S2CID 145663799

Benbabaali, Caste Dominance and Territory in South India (2018), pp. 27 Benbabaali, Dalel (2018), "Caste Dominance and Territory in South India: Understanding Kammas' socio-spatial mobility", Modern Asian Studies, 52 (6): 1938–1976, doi:10.1017/S0026749X16000755, ISSN 0026-749X, S2CID 150042014

Benbabaali, Caste Dominance and Territory in South India (2018), pp. 26 Benbabaali, Dalel (2018), "Caste Dominance and Territory in South India: Understanding Kammas' socio-spatial mobility", Modern Asian Studies, 52 (6): 1938–1976, doi:10.1017/S0026749X16000755, ISSN 0026-749X, S2CID 150042014

Keiko, Politics and representation of caste identity (2008), p. 355–356. Keiko, Yamada (2008), "Politics and representation of caste identity in regional historiography: A case study of Kammas in Andhra", The Indian Economic and Social History Review, 45 (3): 353–380, doi:10.1177/001946460804500302, S2CID 145663799

Roohi, Sanam (10 December 2017). "Caste, kinship and the realisation of 'American Dream': high-skilled Telugu migrants in the U.S.A." Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies. 43 (16): 2756–2770. doi:10.1080/1369183X.2017.1314598. ISSN 1369-183X.

Fox, Richard G. (January 1969), "Varna Schemes and Ideological Integration in Indian Society", Comparative Studies in Society and History, 11 (1): 27–45, doi:10.1017/S0010417500005132, ISSN 0010-4175, S2CID 145053341: "When recognition of a regional varna scheme has been unavoidable—such as the tripartite division into Brahmins, non-Brahmins, and Untouchables in much of the South— it has been explained in terms of an historical corruption or breakdown of the standard four-class system, rather than regarded as a functional entity in its own right."

Harrison, Caste and the Andhra Communists (1956) Harrison, Selig S. (June 1956). "Caste and the Andhra Communists". The American Political Science Review. 50 (2): 378–404. doi:10.2307/1951675. JSTOR 1951675. S2CID 147317455.

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Narayana Rao, Velcheru (2001). Textures of Time : Writing History in South India, 1600-1800. Delhi: Other Press. ISBN 81-7824-023-8. OCLC 49616884. The principality is consolidated by Shayappa and by his son and grandson, Vengala Nayudu and Venkatadri Nayudu, whose rule is presented as re-presenting a rather peaceful epoch.

Narayana Rao, Velcheru (2003). Textures of Time : Writing History in South India. New York: Other Press. ISBN 1-59051-044-5. OCLC 50143515. Their main strength lies in their capacity to shift allegiances on a pragmatic basis, usually through the mediation of a Niyogi Brahmin . . . the Kamma Nayaks thus create their political base under Vijayanagara, shift to the Qutb Shahi state of Golconda (using a common enemy, the Boyas of the region, to build a case), and then to the post-Mughal state of Asaf Jati Nizams in Hyderabad.

Pingle, Gautam (2011). "Reddys, Kammas and Telangana". Economic and Political Weekly. 46 (36): 19–21. ISSN 0012-9976. JSTOR 41719929.

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Kamma (caste) (English Wikipedia)

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