Languages of Canada (English Wikipedia)

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brandonu.ca

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McLead, Neal. (2000). "Plains Cree Identity: Borderlands, Ambiguous Genealogies and Narrative Irony" (PDF). The Canadian Journal of Native Studies. XX (2). Dallas, TX: SIL International. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-10-14. Retrieved 2013-04-18.

cad.ca

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canadiangeographic.ca

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Ottawa Valley facts Archived September 27, 2012, at the Wayback Machine at Canadian Geographic.ca

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carleton.ca

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Elgar, Margaret Fern (19 September 1997). A Comparative Study of Native Residential Schools and the Residential Schools for the Deaf in Canada (PDF) (Master of Anthropology). Carleton University. Retrieved 9 March 2022.

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cbc.ca

Mandeville, Curtis (21 July 2016). "Goodbye Great Slave Lake? Movement to decolonize N.W.T. maps is growing". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
Bilingualism growing, but not in French and English
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Albert, Ashley (15 April 2018). "Oneida sign language created to connect deaf community with their culture". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 9 March 2022.

clo-ocol.gc.ca

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"Infographic: The French presence in New Brunswick". www.clo-ocol.gc.ca. Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages. 13 September 2018. Archived from the original on 23 January 2021. Retrieved 12 August 2020.
"Infographic: The French presence in Northwest Territories". www.clo-ocol.gc.ca. Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages. 13 September 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2020.
"Infographic: The French presence in Prince Edward Island". www.clo-ocol.gc.ca. Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages. 13 September 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2020.
"Infographic: The French presence in Ontario". www.clo-ocol.gc.ca. Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages. 13 September 2018. Archived from the original on 24 July 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2020.
"Infographic: The French presence in Nova Scotia". www.clo-ocol.gc.ca. Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages. 13 September 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2020.
"Infographic: The French presence in Yukon". www.clo-ocol.gc.ca. Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages. 13 September 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2020.
"Infographic: The French presence in Manitoba". www.clo-ocol.gc.ca. Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages. 13 September 2018. Archived from the original on 25 April 2023. Retrieved 12 August 2020.
"Infographic: The French presence in Alberta". www.clo-ocol.gc.ca. Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages. 13 September 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2020.
"Infographic: The French presence in British Columbia". www.clo-ocol.gc.ca. Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages. 13 September 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2020.
"Infographic: The French presence in Saskatchewan". www.clo-ocol.gc.ca. Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages. 13 September 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2020.
"Infographic: The French presence in Newfoundland and Labrador". www.clo-ocol.gc.ca. Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages. 13 September 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2020.
"Infographic: The French presence in Nunavut". www.clo-ocol.gc.ca. Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages. 13 September 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2020.

discover-southern-ontario.com

"THE AMISH of Southern Ontario". Discover Southern Ontario. Retrieved 15 December 2021.

doi.org

Papen, Robert A (1984). "Quelques remarques sur un parler français méconnu de l'Ouest canadien: le métis" (PDF). Revue québécoise de linguistique. 14 (1): 113. doi:10.7202/602530ar. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
Bone, Tracey A.; Wilkinson, Erin; Ferndale, Danielle; Adams, Rodney (19 April 2021). "Indigenous and Deaf People and the Implications of Ongoing Practices of Colonization: A Comparison of Australia and Canada". Humanity & Society. 46 (3): 495–521. doi:10.1177/01605976211001575. S2CID 234851479.
Harald Hammarström, Robert Forkel, Martin Haspelmath & Sebastian Bank, eds., Glottolog, ver. 4.3 (Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 2020).
Papen, Robert A (2014). "Hybrid Languages in Canada Involving French". Journal of Language Contact. 7 (1): 154–183. doi:10.1163/19552629-00701007. S2CID 141988957.
Mishler, Craig (2008-09-17). "'That's a Rubbaboo'". Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages. 23 (2): 264–287. doi:10.1075/jpcl.23.2.04mis. ISSN 0920-9034.
Tagliamonte, Sali; Poplack, Shana (1991). "African American English in the diaspora: Evidence from old-line Nova Scotians" (PDF). Language Variation and Change. 3 (3): 301–339. doi:10.1017/S0954394500000594. ISSN 1469-8021. S2CID 59147893. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-02-23.

dx.doi.org

Mishler, Craig (2008-09-17). "'That's a Rubbaboo'". Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages. 23 (2): 264–287. doi:10.1075/jpcl.23.2.04mis. ISSN 0920-9034.

ecdip.org

Jessica Ball and B. May Bernhardt, "First Nations English dialects in Canada: Implications for speech-language pathology" Archived 2016-11-05 at the Wayback Machine. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, August 2008; 22(8): 570–588

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erudit.org

Papen, Robert A (1993). "La Variation dialectale dans le parler français des Métis de l'Ouest canadien". Francophonies d'Amérique. 3. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
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Gordon, Raymond G Jr. (2005). Ethnologue: Languages of the world (Web Version online by SIL International, formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics) (15 ed.). Dallas, TX: SIL International. ISBN 1-55671-159-X. Retrieved 2009-11-16. Since 2015 demands have been made to recognize all Aboriginal languages as official languages in Canada.
Lewis, M. Paul (2013). Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D. (eds.). "American Sign Language". Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Seventeenth edition. SIL International.
"Hutterisch". Ethnologue.

facebook.com

Auld, Francis (23 November 2016). "ʾa·qanⱡiⱡⱡitnam, n. sign language". Facebook. Ktunaxa Language Group. Retrieved 3 April 2022.

francopresse.ca

Doireau, Ophélie (1 Nov 2021). "Au Manitoba, redonner de la force au mitchif-français". FrancoPresse. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
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ghostarchive.org

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glottolog.org

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spl.gouv.qc.ca

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"Official Languages". Northwest Territories Education, Culture and Employment. Government of the Northwest Territories. Retrieved 19 July 2014.

gov.nu.ca

"Official Languages". Department of Culture and Heritage. The Government of Nunavut. Retrieved 20 March 2022.

justice.gov.nu.ca

Consolidation of (S.Nu. 2008, c.10) (NIF) Official Languages Act^{[permanent dead link]} and Consolidation of Inuit Language Protection Act^{[permanent dead link]}

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Clarke, Sandra; Paddock, Harold; MacKenzie, Marguerite. "Language". Heritage Newfoundland & Labrador. Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage. Retrieved 15 December 2021.

icuf.ie

"Teagascóirí Gaeilge". Ireland Canada University Foundation.

indiana.edu

Bakker, Peter (1989). "'The Language of the Coast Tribes is Half Basque': A Basque-American Indian Pidgin in Use between Europeans and Native Americans in North America, ca. 1540-ca. 1640". Anthropological Linguistics. 31 (3/4): 117–147. JSTOR 30027995. Archived from the original on 2019-09-25. Retrieved 2013-04-18.

jstor.org

Bakker, Peter (1989). "'The Language of the Coast Tribes is Half Basque': A Basque-American Indian Pidgin in Use between Europeans and Native Americans in North America, ca. 1540-ca. 1640". Anthropological Linguistics. 31 (3/4): 117–147. JSTOR 30027995. Archived from the original on 2019-09-25. Retrieved 2013-04-18.

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linguisticsinamsterdam.nl

Schuit, Joke; Baker, Anne; Pfau, Roland. "Inuit Sign Language: a contribution to sign language typology". Universiteit van Amsterdam. Archived from the original on 19 September 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2015.

mayzil.com

MacGregor, JJ (June 9, 2021). "Souris: Of Mice and Mi'kmaq". Mayzil of Prince Edward Island. Retrieved 21 March 2022.

metismuseum.ca

Bakker, Peter; Papen, Robert A. "Michif and other languages of the Canadian Métis". Virtual Museum of Métis History and Culture. Gabriel Dumont Institute of Native Studies and Applied Research. Retrieved 10 August 2020.

metisportals.ca

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mun.ca

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Hopper, Tristin (29 May 2021). "Why so many children died at Indian Residential Schools". National Post. Postmedia National Inc. Retrieved 9 March 2022.

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novascotia.ca

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nslegislature.ca

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oneidalanguage.ca

"Oneida Sign Language". Onyota'a:ka Lutñu takhwa' Kʌtyohkwoyʌ. Oneida Language & Cultural Centre. Retrieved 9 March 2022.

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ontla.on.ca

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ourcommons.ca

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queensu.ca

Gold, Elaine; McAlpine, Janice (eds.). "Canadian English: A Linguistic Reader" (PDF). Strathy Language Unit: Occasional Papers. 6. Kingston, Ontario: Queen’s University. Retrieved 23 May 2022.

rvf.ca

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Bone, Tracey A.; Wilkinson, Erin; Ferndale, Danielle; Adams, Rodney (19 April 2021). "Indigenous and Deaf People and the Implications of Ongoing Practices of Colonization: A Comparison of Australia and Canada". Humanity & Society. 46 (3): 495–521. doi:10.1177/01605976211001575. S2CID 234851479.
Papen, Robert A (2014). "Hybrid Languages in Canada Involving French". Journal of Language Contact. 7 (1): 154–183. doi:10.1163/19552629-00701007. S2CID 141988957.
Tagliamonte, Sali; Poplack, Shana (1991). "African American English in the diaspora: Evidence from old-line Nova Scotians" (PDF). Language Variation and Change. 3 (3): 301–339. doi:10.1017/S0954394500000594. ISSN 1469-8021. S2CID 59147893. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-02-23.

pdfs.semanticscholar.org

Tagliamonte, Sali; Poplack, Shana (1991). "African American English in the diaspora: Evidence from old-line Nova Scotians" (PDF). Language Variation and Change. 3 (3): 301–339. doi:10.1017/S0954394500000594. ISSN 1469-8021. S2CID 59147893. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-02-23.

statcan.ca

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"2011 Census of Canada: Topic-based tabulations – Mother Tongue - Detailed Aboriginal Languages (85), Languages Spoken Most Often at Home - Detailed Aboriginal Languages (85), Other Languages Spoken Regularly at Home - Aboriginal Languages (12), Age Groups (13A), Sex (3) and Area of Residence (6) for the Population Excluding Institutional Residents of Canada, Provinces and Territories, 2011 Census". Retrieved May 18, 2020.
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