List of slaves (English Wikipedia)

Wollenberg, Charles (2002). "Berkeley, A City in History". berkeleypubliclibrary.org. Archived from the original on September 11, 2015. Retrieved November 6, 2015. Berkeley's black heritage goes back to the arrival of Pete and Hannah Byrne in 1859, but the African American population remained small for the rest of the nineteenth century.

bibliotecanacionaldigital.gob.cl

Alvarez Gómez, Oriel. Sor Imelda y la primera mujer foránea que vino a Chile

biographi.ca

"Biography – Ward, Samuel Ringgold". Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Volume IX (1861–1870). Retrieved September 29, 2023.

biography.wales

"YSTUMLLYN, JOHN ('Jack Black') (d. 1786), gardener and land steward | Dictionary of Welsh Biography". biography.wales. Retrieved September 18, 2021.

bl.uk

"Gospel-book with added Cornish records of manumissions ('The Bodmin Gospels' or 'St Petroc Gospels')". The British Library. Retrieved May 18, 2017.

blackloyalist.info

"Black Loyalist". Archived from the original on May 24, 2010. Retrieved May 2, 2014.

blackpast.org

BlackPast.org.

books.google.com

Christina Snyder, Slavery in Indian Country: The Changing Face of Captivity in Early America, p. 141, ISBN 978-0-674-04890-4
Rypka, J. (November 11, 2013). History of Iranian Literature. Springer. ISBN 9789401034791.
Timothy Hugh Barrett (1989). Singular listlessness: a short history of Chinese books and British scholars. Wellsweep. p. 33. ISBN 0-948454-04-0. Retrieved November 4, 2011. This man, who as far as we know was the first interpreter to try to impart a knowledge of Chinese to Englishman, was one of a number of black slaves from Macao who managed to escape into Chinese territory2. Presumably Antonio and Mundy(the University of Michigan)
Bertman, Stephen (2005). Handbook to Life in Ancient Mesopotamia. OUP USA. p. 178. ISBN 978-0-19-518364-1.
Demandt, Alexander; Goltz, Andreas; Schlange-Schöningen, Heinrich (2004). Diokletian und die Tetrarchie: Aspekte einer Zeitenwende. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 9783110182309.
E. Togo Salmon Conference, E. Togo Salmon Conference 1993 Mcmaster University: Roman Theater and Society: E. Togo Salmon Papers I
See also Robert M. Cover, Justice Accused: Antislavery and the Judicial Process, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1975, pp. 51–55
Hutton, Michael (June–December 1889). "The Negro on the Stage". Harper's Magazine. Vol. 79. Harper's Magazine Co. pp. 131–145. Retrieved March 10, 2010.
Paul Finkelman (1985). Slavery in the Courtroom: An Annotated Bibliography of American Cases. Library of Congress. ISBN 9781886363489.
Paul Finkelman (1985). Slavery in the Courtroom: An Annotated Bibliography of American Cases (Library of Congress), p. 3.
Hochschild, Adam (2006). Bury the Chains: Prophets and Rebels in the Fight to Free an Empire's Slaves. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 44. ISBN 978-0-618-61907-8.
Berry, Joanne; Matyszak, Philip (2008). Lives of the Romans. Thames & Hudson. pp. 116–117. ISBN 9780500771709.
Military Manpower, Armies and Warfare in South Asia. Routledge. October 6, 2015. ISBN 9781317321279.
Tourism Potential in Aurangabad: With Ajanta, Ellora, Daulatabad Fort. Bharatiya Kala Prakashan. 1999. p. 6. ISBN 9788186050446.
Talmage, T. De Witt, ed. (July 1885). "The Rev. Moses A. Hopkins, A.M." Frank Leslie's Sunday Magazine. 18 (1). New York: Frank Leslie's Publishing House: 556.
Nelson, Emmanuel Sampath (2002). "Solomon Northup (1808–1863?)". In Marsden, Elizabeth (ed.). African American Autobiographers: A Sourcebook. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 290. ISBN 9780313314094.
Gordon-Reed, Annette (August 25, 2009). The Hemingses of Monticello: An American Family. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 569. ISBN 978-0-393-33776-1.
White, Ronald C. (2016). American Ulysses: A Life of Ulysses S. Grant. Random House Publishing Group. p. 130. ISBN 978-1-5883-6992-5.
McFeely, William S. (1981). Grant: A Biography. Norton. p. 69. ISBN 0-393-01372-3.

britannica.com

Chisholm, Hugh (1911). "Solomon Northup". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

bukubooks.wordpress.com

Haarnack, Carl; Hondius, Dienke (March 25, 2012). "Swart in Nederland". Buku – Bibliotheca Surinamica. Retrieved April 18, 2014.

catholic.org

"St. Agathoclia", Catholic Saints
Catholic Online

celebrateboston.com

"Mark and Phillis Executions, Burned at the Stake and Gibbeted in Puritan Massachusetts". www.celebrateboston.com. Retrieved December 30, 2021.

clandestine-life.com

"Welcome Akwaaba". CLANDESTINE LIFE. Retrieved December 30, 2021.

doi.org

Coates, Rodney D. (2003). "Law and the Cultural Production of Race and Racialized Systems of Oppression" (PDF). American Behavioral Scientist. 47 (3): 329–351. doi:10.1177/0002764203256190. S2CID 146357699.
Green, Andrew (October 10, 2019), "Ystumllyn, John (d. 1786), gardener", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/odnb/9780198614128.013.112797, ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8, retrieved September 18, 2021
Chater, Kathleen (October 4, 2012). "Strong, Jonathan (c. 1747–1773), de facto freed slave". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/100415. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Wright, Donald R. (1981). "Uprooting Kunta Kinte: On the Perils of Relying on Encyclopedic Informants". History in Africa. 8: 205–217. doi:10.2307/3171516. JSTOR 3171516. S2CID 162425305.
Maciszewski, Amelia (Winter–Spring 2005). "From Africa to India: Music of the Sidis and the Indian Ocean Diaspora (review)". Asian Music. 36 (1): 132–135. doi:10.1353/amu.2005.0008. S2CID 191611760.
Dahl, Adam (November 21, 2019). "Creolizing Natural Liberty: Transnational Obligation in the Thought of Ottobah Cugoano". The Journal of Politics. 82 (3): 908–920. doi:10.1086/707400. ISSN 0022-3816. S2CID 212865739.
Ross, Catherine (2009), "Camejo, Pedro or Negro Primero (1790–1821)", The International Encyclopedia of Revolution and Protest, American Cancer Society, p. 1, doi:10.1002/9781405198073.wbierp0286, ISBN 978-1-4051-9807-3, retrieved July 13, 2021
Jeltz, Wyatt F. (1948). "The Relations of Negroes and Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians". The Journal of Negro History. 33 (1): 24–37. doi:10.2307/2714985. ISSN 0022-2992. JSTOR 2714985. S2CID 149472463.

dx.doi.org

Millward, Jessica. "Charity Folks, Lost Royalty, and the Bishop Family of Maryland and New York". Journal of African American History 98, no.1 (Winter 2013): 24-47.

donga.com

Lee, Jin-Yeong (January 30, 2004). "The Secret of Korean Man Painted by Rubens". The Dong-a Ilbo. Retrieved February 9, 2024.

ea.com.py

Schvartzman, Gabriela (September 19, 2020). "Relatos sobre la India Juliana. Entre la construcción de la memoria y la ficción histórica". Periódico E'a (in Spanish). Asunción: Atycom. Retrieved December 12, 2021.

earlywashingtondc.org

"Case Overview: Ann Williams, Ann Maria Williams, Tobias Williams, & John Williams v. George Miller & George Miller Jr". earlywashingtondc.org. Retrieved December 23, 2022.

encyclopediavirginia.org

Tom Costa (2011). "Runaway Slaves and Servants in Colonial Virginia". Encyclopedia Virginia.
"Lott Cary (ca. 1780–1828)". Virginia Humanities. Retrieved June 10, 2022.

esawyer.org.uk

Charter S 1539 at the Electronic Sawyer

fundacionempresaspolar.org

bibliofep.fundacionempresaspolar.org

Fundación Empresas Polar. "Esclavitud". Diccionario de Historia de Venezuela. Retrieved April 18, 2024.

genealogy.com

"Re: Nancy Titsworth-1800-Livin - Genealogy.com". genealogy.com. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
"Re: Nancy Titsworth-1800-Livin - Genealogy.com". genealogy.com. Retrieved May 13, 2019.

gmu.edu

historymatters.gmu.edu

""My Master Has Sold Albert to a Trader": Maria Perkins Writes to Her Husband, 1852". History Matters. George Mason University. Retrieved April 21, 2017.

history.com

Kaufmann, Miranda (August 31, 2018). "The Untold Story of How an Escaped Slave Helped Sir Francis Drake Circumnavigate the Globe". History. Retrieved May 12, 2020.

irishcatholic.ie

"Following Brigid's Way – The Irish Catholic". May 18, 2023.

islambyquestions.net

"What is the divine purpose for sending prophets?". Archived from the original on February 26, 2012. Retrieved August 7, 2009.

iu.edu

scholarworks.iu.edu

Burrowes, Carl Patrick (1989). "Black Christian Republicans: Delegates to the 1847 Liberian Constitutional Convention". Liberian Studies Journal. 14 (2): 67. Retrieved June 10, 2022.

jhu.edu

muse.jhu.edu

Maciszewski, Amelia (Winter–Spring 2005). "From Africa to India: Music of the Sidis and the Indian Ocean Diaspora (review)". Asian Music. 36 (1): 132–135. doi:10.1353/amu.2005.0008. S2CID 191611760.

jstor.org

Wright, Donald R. (1981). "Uprooting Kunta Kinte: On the Perils of Relying on Encyclopedic Informants". History in Africa. 8: 205–217. doi:10.2307/3171516. JSTOR 3171516. S2CID 162425305.
Jeltz, Wyatt F. (1948). "The Relations of Negroes and Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians". The Journal of Negro History. 33 (1): 24–37. doi:10.2307/2714985. ISSN 0022-2992. JSTOR 2714985. S2CID 149472463.

libraryireland.com

Joyce, P. W., The Wonders of Ireland, 1911

masshist.org

"Letter from Paul Revere to Jeremy Belknap, circa 1798". Massachusetts Historical Society.

mo.gov

sos.mo.gov

"Timeline of Missouri's African American History", Missouri State Archives, Missouri Digital History, accessed 18 February 2011

moadsf.org

"Juan Francisco Manzano | Slave Narratives | The MoAD Salon | MoAD - Museum of the African Diaspora". www.moadsf.org. Archived from the original on September 25, 2007.

multiracial.com

Tenzer, Lawrence R. (October 2001). "White Slaves". The Multiracial Activist. Archived from the original on November 9, 2011.

neh.gov

"Soldier of Furtune: John Smith before Jamestown". Archived from the original on January 17, 2009. Retrieved February 4, 2009.

newadvent.org

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Fournet, Pierre August (1907). "St. Bathilde". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 2. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Kirsch, Johan Peter (1907). "St. Blandina". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 2. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chapman, Henry Palmer (1908). "Pope Callistus I". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 3. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
Kirsch, Johan Peter. "Sts. Felicitas and Perpetua". Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 6.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Moran, Patrick Francis (1911). "St. Patrick". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 11. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Dégert, Antoine (1912). "St. Vincent de Paul". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 15. New York: Robert Appleton Company.

newspapers.com

n.a. (December 16, 1886). "Andy Johnson's Home - His Old Home and His Grave, and How They Look - The Old Tailorshop in Which He Formerly Worked". The Iowa State Register (Morning ed.). Des Moines. p. 8. Retrieved May 9, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.

notevenpast.org

"Black Slaves, Indian Masters: Slavery, Emancipation, and Citizenship in the Native American South, by Barbara Krauthamer (2013) – Not Even Past". notevenpast.org. March 26, 2014. Retrieved May 6, 2019.

nps.gov

"Lewis Hayden". National Park Service. Retrieved November 3, 2023.

nyhistory.org

"Henry Highland Garnet". New-York Historical Society. Retrieved June 10, 2022.

nytimes.com

Bosman, Julie (September 18, 2013). "Professor Says He Has Solved a Mystery Over a Slave's Novel". The New York Times.
Swarns, Rachel L. (August 15, 2009), "Madison and the White House, Through the Memoir of a Slave", The New York Times, retrieved August 24, 2009

timesmachine.nytimes.com

"An Old Actor's Memories; What Mt. Edmon S. Conner Recalls About His Career" (PDF). The New York Times. June 5, 1881. p. 10. Retrieved March 10, 2010.

opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com

Coddington, Ronald S. (September 24, 2013). "A Slave's Service in the Confederate Army". The New York Times Opinionator Blog.

osu.edu

monasticmatrix.osu.edu

"St Brigit of Ireland – Monastic Matrix".

oudhoorn.nl

Bruin, Jan de (2013). "Twee West-Friese slaven" (PDF). Oud Hoorn (in Dutch). 35 (2): 59–63.

oup.com

"The Works of William Wells Brown". Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on May 22, 2011. Retrieved September 29, 2023.

oxforddnb.com

Chater, Kathleen (October 4, 2012). "Strong, Jonathan (c. 1747–1773), de facto freed slave". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/100415. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

oxfordjournals.org

ahr.oxfordjournals.org

John Donoghue (2010). "'Out of the Land of Bondage': The English Revolution and the Atlantic Origins of Abolition". The American Historical Review. 115 (4). Archived from the original on September 1, 2016.

oxfordreference.com

Gilmore, John (2007). "Strong, Jonathan (c. 1748—1773)". The Oxford Companion to Black British History. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780192804396.

pdx.edu

web.pdx.edu

Coates, Rodney D. (2003). "Law and the Cultural Production of Race and Racialized Systems of Oppression" (PDF). American Behavioral Scientist. 47 (3): 329–351. doi:10.1177/0002764203256190. S2CID 146357699.

pinknews.co.uk

Lily Wakefield (February 1, 2020). "Researcher says first self-described drag queen was a formerly enslaved man who 'reigned over a secret world of drag balls' in the 1800s". PinkNews. Archived from the original on February 2, 2020. Retrieved March 9, 2023.

s-gabriel.org

Jones, Heather Rose (2001). "Cornish (and Other) Personal Names from the 10th Century Bodmin Manumissions". Retrieved May 18, 2017.

sahaba.net

An unpleasant welcome in Taa'if Archived November 27, 2010, at the Wayback Machine

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Coates, Rodney D. (2003). "Law and the Cultural Production of Race and Racialized Systems of Oppression" (PDF). American Behavioral Scientist. 47 (3): 329–351. doi:10.1177/0002764203256190. S2CID 146357699.
Wright, Donald R. (1981). "Uprooting Kunta Kinte: On the Perils of Relying on Encyclopedic Informants". History in Africa. 8: 205–217. doi:10.2307/3171516. JSTOR 3171516. S2CID 162425305.
Maciszewski, Amelia (Winter–Spring 2005). "From Africa to India: Music of the Sidis and the Indian Ocean Diaspora (review)". Asian Music. 36 (1): 132–135. doi:10.1353/amu.2005.0008. S2CID 191611760.
Dahl, Adam (November 21, 2019). "Creolizing Natural Liberty: Transnational Obligation in the Thought of Ottobah Cugoano". The Journal of Politics. 82 (3): 908–920. doi:10.1086/707400. ISSN 0022-3816. S2CID 212865739.
Jeltz, Wyatt F. (1948). "The Relations of Negroes and Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians". The Journal of Negro History. 33 (1): 24–37. doi:10.2307/2714985. ISSN 0022-2992. JSTOR 2714985. S2CID 149472463.

si.edu

npg.si.edu

"A Durable Memento:" Portraits by Augustus Washington, African American Daguerreotypist, exhibit, National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution

slaveryinnewyork.org

"Exhibit: Slavery in New York". New York Historical Society. October 7, 2005 – March 26, 2006. Retrieved February 11, 2008.

snl.no

Hallvard Den Hellige – utdypning (Store norske leksikon)

st-andrews.ac.uk

mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk

O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Thomas Fuller", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews

stbrigid.ie

"Story of St. Brigid". St. Brigid's GNS, Glasnevin.

strathearnherald.co.uk

Lowson, Stephen (May 29, 2009). "Day of history to unfold in Muthill museum". Strathearn Herald. Retrieved June 23, 2009.

timesofisrael.com

"Slave's 400-year-old grave in Dutch Jewish cemetery now a Black pilgrimage site" by Cnaan Lipshiz, Times of Israel, 6 February 2021

tufts.edu

perseus.tufts.edu

"Cornelius Tacitus, The History, Book I, chapter 13". www.perseus.tufts.edu. Retrieved August 11, 2021.

ucc.ie

"Bethu Brigte".

uchicago.edu

journals.uchicago.edu

Dahl, Adam (November 21, 2019). "Creolizing Natural Liberty: Transnational Obligation in the Thought of Ottobah Cugoano". The Journal of Politics. 82 (3): 908–920. doi:10.1086/707400. ISSN 0022-3816. S2CID 212865739.

ultimahora.com

Colmán Gutiérrez, Andrés (December 5, 2020). "En busca de la India Juliana". Última Hora (in Spanish). Asunción. Retrieved December 12, 2021.

um.edu.mt

Curmi, Luca (2023). "The Attack on Gozo of 1551 and its Effects on the Gozo Population – Part I" (PDF). The Gozo Observer (47): 16–23. ISSN 1996-3114. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 12, 2025.
Montanaro, Eugene F. (1997). "Don Lorenzo de Apapis (1501c.–1586) a sixteenth century parish priest and notary". In Farrugia, J.; Briguglio, L. (eds.). A Focus on Gozo (PDF). Gozo: Formatek Ltd. pp. 91–103. ISBN 9990949034. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 30, 2024.

unc.edu

docsouth.unc.edu

"James W. C. Pennington, 1807–1870, The Fugitive Blacksmith; "Summary"". Documenting the American South. University of North Carolina. Retrieved September 29, 2023.

uncg.edu

dlas.uncg.edu

"Digital Library on American Slavery". dlas.uncg.edu. Retrieved December 30, 2021.

voaportugues.com

Medeiros, Óscar (January 4, 2021). "São Tomé e Príncipe recorda o Rei Amador". Voice of America. Retrieved August 9, 2022. (in Portuguese)

web.archive.org

An unpleasant welcome in Taa'if Archived November 27, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
"What is the divine purpose for sending prophets?". Archived from the original on February 26, 2012. Retrieved August 7, 2009.
""Augustine Tolton: From slavery to being the first black priest", Catholic Church
Tenzer, Lawrence R. (October 2001). "White Slaves". The Multiracial Activist. Archived from the original on November 9, 2011.
David Granger (1992). "Guyana coins". El Dorado (2): 20–22. Archived from the original on June 26, 2008. Retrieved July 6, 2008.
see
Curmi, Luca (2023). "The Attack on Gozo of 1551 and its Effects on the Gozo Population – Part I" (PDF). The Gozo Observer (47): 16–23. ISSN 1996-3114. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 12, 2025.
"Black Loyalist". Archived from the original on May 24, 2010. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
John Donoghue (2010). "'Out of the Land of Bondage': The English Revolution and the Atlantic Origins of Abolition". The American Historical Review. 115 (4). Archived from the original on September 1, 2016.
"Soldier of Furtune: John Smith before Jamestown". Archived from the original on January 17, 2009. Retrieved February 4, 2009.
"Juan Francisco Manzano | Slave Narratives | The MoAD Salon | MoAD - Museum of the African Diaspora". www.moadsf.org. Archived from the original on September 25, 2007.
Montanaro, Eugene F. (1997). "Don Lorenzo de Apapis (1501c.–1586) a sixteenth century parish priest and notary". In Farrugia, J.; Briguglio, L. (eds.). A Focus on Gozo (PDF). Gozo: Formatek Ltd. pp. 91–103. ISBN 9990949034. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 30, 2024.
Wollenberg, Charles (2002). "Berkeley, A City in History". berkeleypubliclibrary.org. Archived from the original on September 11, 2015. Retrieved November 6, 2015. Berkeley's black heritage goes back to the arrival of Pete and Hannah Byrne in 1859, but the African American population remained small for the rest of the nineteenth century.
Lily Wakefield (February 1, 2020). "Researcher says first self-described drag queen was a formerly enslaved man who 'reigned over a secret world of drag balls' in the 1800s". PinkNews. Archived from the original on February 2, 2020. Retrieved March 9, 2023.
"The Works of William Wells Brown". Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on May 22, 2011. Retrieved September 29, 2023.

whitehousehistory.org

Fling, Sarah (2021). "The Formerly Enslaved Households of President Andrew Johnson". WHHA (en-US). Retrieved July 6, 2023.
"Slavery and French Cuisine in Jefferson's Working White House". WHHA (en-US). Retrieved December 19, 2022.

wikisource.org

en.wikisource.org

Calhoun, John C. (1837). Slavery a Positive Good – via Wikisource.
Grieve, Alexander James; Robinson, Joseph Armitage (1911). "Clement I" . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 482–483.

wiley.com

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Ross, Catherine (2009), "Camejo, Pedro or Negro Primero (1790–1821)", The International Encyclopedia of Revolution and Protest, American Cancer Society, p. 1, doi:10.1002/9781405198073.wbierp0286, ISBN 978-1-4051-9807-3, retrieved July 13, 2021

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Curmi, Luca (2023). "The Attack on Gozo of 1551 and its Effects on the Gozo Population – Part I" (PDF). The Gozo Observer (47): 16–23. ISSN 1996-3114. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 12, 2025.
Haley, Alex (August 17, 1976). Roots: The Saga of an American Family. Doubleday. p. 704. ISBN 0-385-03787-2. OCLC 2188350.
Slavery & South Asian History. Chatterjee, Indrani., Eaton, Richard Maxwell. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 2006. ISBN 978-0-253-11671-0. OCLC 191950586.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
Association of Muslim Social Scientists; International Institute of Islamic Thought (2008). The American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences. Vol. 25. American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences. p. 56. OCLC 60626498.
Dahl, Adam (November 21, 2019). "Creolizing Natural Liberty: Transnational Obligation in the Thought of Ottobah Cugoano". The Journal of Politics. 82 (3): 908–920. doi:10.1086/707400. ISSN 0022-3816. S2CID 212865739.
Jeltz, Wyatt F. (1948). "The Relations of Negroes and Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians". The Journal of Negro History. 33 (1): 24–37. doi:10.2307/2714985. ISSN 0022-2992. JSTOR 2714985. S2CID 149472463.