Mandaeans (English Wikipedia)

Salloum, Saad (August 29, 2019). "Iraqi Mandaeans fear extinction". Al-Monitor. Retrieved May 20, 2020.
Ersan, Mohammad (February 2, 2018). "Are Iraqi Mandaeans better off in Jordan?". Al-Monitor. Retrieved August 13, 2021.

alarabiya.net

al Sheati, Ahmed (December 6, 2011). "Iran Mandaeans in exile following persecution". Al Arabiya. Retrieved November 11, 2021.
"Iran Mandaeans in exile following persecution". Alarabiya.net. December 6, 2011. Archived from the original on July 31, 2016. Retrieved December 17, 2011.

algardenia.com

"زهرون عمارة .. عمل "ارگيلة " من الفضة للسلطان عبدالحميد". algardenia.com. February 20, 2018. Retrieved January 27, 2022.

amazon.de

Al-Saadi, Qais Mughashghash; Al-Saadi, Hamed Mughashghash (2012). Ginza Rabba: The Great Treasure. An equivalent translation of the Mandaean Holy Book. Drabsha.

amnestyusa.org

Annual Report for Iran Archived 2011-02-18 at the Wayback Machine, 2005, Amnesty International.

archive.org

Rudolph 1977, p. 15. Rudolph, Kurt (1977). "Mandaeism". In Moore, Albert C. (ed.). Iconography of Religions: An Introduction. Vol. 21. Chris Robertson. ISBN 978-0-8006-0488-2.
Rudolph 1977, p. 5. Rudolph, Kurt (1977). "Mandaeism". In Moore, Albert C. (ed.). Iconography of Religions: An Introduction. Vol. 21. Chris Robertson. ISBN 978-0-8006-0488-2.
Rudolph 1977, p. 4. Rudolph, Kurt (1977). "Mandaeism". In Moore, Albert C. (ed.). Iconography of Religions: An Introduction. Vol. 21. Chris Robertson. ISBN 978-0-8006-0488-2.
Drower 1960b, pp. 111–112; Nasoraia 2012, p. 39. Drower, Ethel Stephana (1960b). The Secret Adam: A Study of Nasoraean Gnosis. Oxford: Clarendon Press. OCLC 654318531. Nasoraia, Brikhah H. S. (2012). "Sacred Text and Esoteric Praxis in Sabian Mandaean Religion". In Çetinkaya, Bayram (ed.). Religious and Philosophical Texts: Rereading, Understanding and Comprehending Them in the 21st Century. Vol. I. Istanbul: Sultanbeyli Belediyesi. pp. 27–53.
Drower 1960b, p. xiv; Rudolph 1977, p. 4; Gündüz 1994, pp. vii, 256; Macuch & Drower 1963;^{[page needed]} Segelberg 1969, pp. 228–239; Buckley 2002^{[page needed]} Drower, Ethel Stephana (1960b). The Secret Adam: A Study of Nasoraean Gnosis. Oxford: Clarendon Press. OCLC 654318531. Rudolph, Kurt (1977). "Mandaeism". In Moore, Albert C. (ed.). Iconography of Religions: An Introduction. Vol. 21. Chris Robertson. ISBN 978-0-8006-0488-2. Gündüz, Şinasi [in Turkish] (1994). The Knowledge of Life: The Origins and Early History of the Mandaeans and Their Relation to the Sabians of the Qur'ān and to the Harranians. Journal of Semitic Studies Supplement. Vol. 3. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-922193-6. Macuch, Rudolf; Drower, E. S. (1963). A Mandaic Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Segelberg, Eric (1969). "Old and New Testament figures in Mandaean version". Scripta Instituti Donneriani Aboensis. 3: 228–239. doi:10.30674/scripta.67040. Buckley, Jorunn J. (2002). The Mandaeans: Ancient Texts and Modern People. New York: Oxford University Press.
Lidzbarski, Mark (1925). Ginzā, der Schatz oder das Grosse buch der Mandäer [Ginzā, the Treasure or the Great Book of the Mandaeans] (in German). Göttingen Vandenhoek & Ruprecht.
Drower 1960b, p. xv. Drower, Ethel Stephana (1960b). The Secret Adam: A Study of Nasoraean Gnosis. Oxford: Clarendon Press. OCLC 654318531.
Most notably Chwolsohn 1856 and Gündüz 1994, both cited by Van Bladel 2009, p. 67. Chwolsohn, Daniel (1856). Die Ssabier und die Ssabismus [The Sabians and the Sabianism]. Vols. 1–2. (in German). St. Petersburg: Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. OCLC 64850836. Gündüz, Şinasi [in Turkish] (1994). The Knowledge of Life: The Origins and Early History of the Mandaeans and Their Relation to the Sabians of the Qur'ān and to the Harranians. Journal of Semitic Studies Supplement. Vol. 3. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-922193-6. Van Bladel, Kevin (2009). "Hermes and the Ṣābians of Ḥarrān". The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 64–118. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376135.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-537613-5.
Drower 1960b, p. xiv; Rudolph 1977, p. 4; Thomas 2016; Macuch & Drower 1963;^{[page needed]} Lightfoot 1875 Drower, Ethel Stephana (1960b). The Secret Adam: A Study of Nasoraean Gnosis. Oxford: Clarendon Press. OCLC 654318531. Rudolph, Kurt (1977). "Mandaeism". In Moore, Albert C. (ed.). Iconography of Religions: An Introduction. Vol. 21. Chris Robertson. ISBN 978-0-8006-0488-2. Thomas, Richard (January 29, 2016). "The Israelite Origins of the Mandaean People". Studia Antiqua. 5 (2). Macuch, Rudolf; Drower, E. S. (1963). A Mandaic Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Lightfoot, Joseph Barber (1875). "On Some Points Connected with the Essenes". St. Paul's epistles to the Colossians and to Philemon: a revised text with introductions, notes, and dissertations. London: Macmillan Publishers. OCLC 6150927.
Drower 1960b, p. xiv. Drower, Ethel Stephana (1960b). The Secret Adam: A Study of Nasoraean Gnosis. Oxford: Clarendon Press. OCLC 654318531.

archive.today

Sido, Kamal (October 7, 2010). "Leader of the world's Mandaeans asks for help". Gesellschaft für bedrohte Völker. Archived from the original on February 11, 2013. Retrieved November 4, 2021.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

Crawford 2007; Deutsch 2007; Thaler 2007 Crawford, Angus (March 4, 2007). "Iraq's Mandaeans 'face extinction'". BBC News. Retrieved November 25, 2021. Deutsch, Nathaniel (October 6, 2007). "Save the Gnostics". The New York Times. Retrieved November 25, 2021. Thaler, Kai (March 9, 2007). "Iraqi minority group needs U.S. attention". Yale Daily News. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
Crawford 2007. Crawford, Angus (March 4, 2007). "Iraq's Mandaeans 'face extinction'". BBC News. Retrieved November 25, 2021.

books.google.com

Hanish, Shak (2019). The Mandaeans In Iraq. In Rowe, Paul S. (2019). Routledge Handbook of Minorities in the Middle East. London and New York: Routledge. p. 160. ISBN 978-1-317-23379-4.
Buckley, Jorunn Jacobsen (2010). Turning the Tables on Jesus: The Mandaean View. In Horsley, Richard (March 2010). Christian Origins. Minneapolis: Fortress Press. pp. 94–11. ISBN 978-1-4514-1664-0.
Rudolph 1977, p. 15. Rudolph, Kurt (1977). "Mandaeism". In Moore, Albert C. (ed.). Iconography of Religions: An Introduction. Vol. 21. Chris Robertson. ISBN 978-0-8006-0488-2.
Häberl, Charles G. (2009), The neo-Mandaic dialect of Khorramshahr, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, p. 1, ISBN 978-3-447-05874-2
Rudolph 1977, p. 5. Rudolph, Kurt (1977). "Mandaeism". In Moore, Albert C. (ed.). Iconography of Religions: An Introduction. Vol. 21. Chris Robertson. ISBN 978-0-8006-0488-2.
Secunda, Shai, and Steven Fine. Secunda, Shai; Fine, Steven (September 3, 2012). Shoshannat Yaakov. Brill. p. 345. ISBN 978-90-04-23544-1.
Deutsch 1999, p. 4. Deutsch, Nathaniel (1999). Guardians of the Gate: Angelic Vice-regency in the Late Antiquity. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-67924-5.
Rudolph 1977, p. 4. Rudolph, Kurt (1977). "Mandaeism". In Moore, Albert C. (ed.). Iconography of Religions: An Introduction. Vol. 21. Chris Robertson. ISBN 978-0-8006-0488-2.
Lupieri, Edmundo (2001). The Mandaeans: The Last Gnostics. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8028-3350-1.
Cross, F. L.; Livingstone, E. A., eds. (2005). "Mandeans (Nasoreans)". The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (3rd, Revised ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 1032–1033. ISBN 978-0-19-280290-3.
Rudolph 2001. Rudolph, Kurt (2001). Gnosis: The Nature and History of Gnosticism. A&C Black. pp. 343–366. ISBN 978-0-567-08640-2.
Issam Khalaf Al-Zuhairy (1998). "A Study of the Ancient Mesopotamian Roots of Mandaean Religion" (Doctoral dissertation). University of Manchester.
Drower 1960b, p. xiv; Rudolph 1977, p. 4; Gündüz 1994, pp. vii, 256; Macuch & Drower 1963;^{[page needed]} Segelberg 1969, pp. 228–239; Buckley 2002^{[page needed]} Drower, Ethel Stephana (1960b). The Secret Adam: A Study of Nasoraean Gnosis. Oxford: Clarendon Press. OCLC 654318531. Rudolph, Kurt (1977). "Mandaeism". In Moore, Albert C. (ed.). Iconography of Religions: An Introduction. Vol. 21. Chris Robertson. ISBN 978-0-8006-0488-2. Gündüz, Şinasi [in Turkish] (1994). The Knowledge of Life: The Origins and Early History of the Mandaeans and Their Relation to the Sabians of the Qur'ān and to the Harranians. Journal of Semitic Studies Supplement. Vol. 3. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-922193-6. Macuch, Rudolf; Drower, E. S. (1963). A Mandaic Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Segelberg, Eric (1969). "Old and New Testament figures in Mandaean version". Scripta Instituti Donneriani Aboensis. 3: 228–239. doi:10.30674/scripta.67040. Buckley, Jorunn J. (2002). The Mandaeans: Ancient Texts and Modern People. New York: Oxford University Press.
Most notably Chwolsohn 1856 and Gündüz 1994, both cited by Van Bladel 2009, p. 67. Chwolsohn, Daniel (1856). Die Ssabier und die Ssabismus [The Sabians and the Sabianism]. Vols. 1–2. (in German). St. Petersburg: Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. OCLC 64850836. Gündüz, Şinasi [in Turkish] (1994). The Knowledge of Life: The Origins and Early History of the Mandaeans and Their Relation to the Sabians of the Qur'ān and to the Harranians. Journal of Semitic Studies Supplement. Vol. 3. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-922193-6. Van Bladel, Kevin (2009). "Hermes and the Ṣābians of Ḥarrān". The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 64–118. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376135.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-537613-5.
Green 1992, pp. 119–120; Stroumsa 2004, pp. 335–341; Hämeen-Anttila 2006, p. 50; Van Bladel 2009, p. 68. Green, Tamara M. (1992). The City of the Moon God: Religious Traditions of Harran. Religions in the Graeco-Roman World. Vol. 114. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-09513-7. Stroumsa, Sarah (2004). "Sabéens de Ḥarrān et Sabéens de Maïmonide". In Lévy, Tony; Rashed, Roshdi (eds.). Maïmonide: Philosophe et savant (1138–1204). Leuven: Peeters. pp. 335–352. ISBN 978-90-429-1458-2. Hämeen-Anttila, Jaakko (2006). The Last Pagans of Iraq: Ibn Waḥshiyya and His Nabatean Agriculture. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-15010-2. Van Bladel, Kevin (2009). "Hermes and the Ṣābians of Ḥarrān". The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 64–118. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376135.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-537613-5.
Drower 1960b, p. xiv; Rudolph 1977, p. 4; Thomas 2016; Macuch & Drower 1963;^{[page needed]} Lightfoot 1875 Drower, Ethel Stephana (1960b). The Secret Adam: A Study of Nasoraean Gnosis. Oxford: Clarendon Press. OCLC 654318531. Rudolph, Kurt (1977). "Mandaeism". In Moore, Albert C. (ed.). Iconography of Religions: An Introduction. Vol. 21. Chris Robertson. ISBN 978-0-8006-0488-2. Thomas, Richard (January 29, 2016). "The Israelite Origins of the Mandaean People". Studia Antiqua. 5 (2). Macuch, Rudolf; Drower, E. S. (1963). A Mandaic Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Lightfoot, Joseph Barber (1875). "On Some Points Connected with the Essenes". St. Paul's epistles to the Colossians and to Philemon: a revised text with introductions, notes, and dissertations. London: Macmillan Publishers. OCLC 6150927.

bostonglobe.com

MacQuarrie, Brian (August 13, 2016). "Embraced by Worcester, Iraq's persecuted Mandaean refugees now seek 'anchor'—their own temple". The Boston Globe. Retrieved August 19, 2016.

brill.com

De Blois 1960–2007; Van Bladel 2017, p. 5. De Blois, F.C. (1960–2007). "Ṣābiʾ". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0952. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
- Van Bladel 2017, p. 5. For a critical review of van Bladel's thesis, see McGrath 2019. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
  - Van Bladel 2017, pp. 14, cf. pp. 7–15. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
    - Fontaine, Petrus Franciscus Maria (January 1990). Dualism in ancient Iran, India and China. The Light and the Dark. Vol. 5. Brill. ISBN 978-90-5063-051-1.
    - Van Bladel 2017; McGrath 2019. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
      - Buckley, Jorunn (2012). Lady E. S. Drower's Scholarly Correspondence. Brill. p. 210. ISBN 978-90-04-22247-2.
      - Van Bladel 2017, p. 5. On the Sabians generally, see De Blois 1960–2007; De Blois 2004; Fahd 1960–2007; Van Bladel 2009. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
        Review: McGrath, James F. (2019). "James F. McGrath Reviews From Sasanian Mandaeans to Sabians (van Bladel)". Enoch Seminar Online. De Blois, F.C. (1960–2007). "Ṣābiʾ". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0952. De Blois, François (2004). "Sabians". In McAuliffe, Jane Dammen (ed.). Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān. doi:10.1163/1875-3922_q3_EQSIM_00362. Fahd, Toufic (1960–2007). "Ṣābiʾa". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0953. Van Bladel, Kevin (2009). "Hermes and the Ṣābians of Ḥarrān". The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 64–118. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376135.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-537613-5.
        Van Bladel 2017, p. 5. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
        Review: McGrath, James F. (2019). "James F. McGrath Reviews From Sasanian Mandaeans to Sabians (van Bladel)". Enoch Seminar Online.
        Van Bladel 2017, p. 47; on the identification of al-Hasan ibn Bahlul's source (named merely "Abu Ali") as Abu Ali Muhammad ibn Muqla, see p. 58. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
        Review: McGrath, James F. (2019). "James F. McGrath Reviews From Sasanian Mandaeans to Sabians (van Bladel)". Enoch Seminar Online.
        Van Bladel 2017, p. 54. On Ibn Muqla's possible motivations for applying the Quranic epithet to the Mandaeans rather than to the Harranian pagans (who were more commonly identified as 'Sabians' in the Baghdad of his time), see p. 66. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
        Review: McGrath, James F. (2019). "James F. McGrath Reviews From Sasanian Mandaeans to Sabians (van Bladel)". Enoch Seminar Online.
        As noted by Van Bladel 2009, pp. 67–68, modern scholars have variously identified the Sabians of the Quran as Mandaeans, Manichaeans (De Blois 1995), Sabaeans, Elchasaites, Archontics, ḥunafāʾ (either as a type of Gnostics or as "sectarians"), or as adherents of the astral religion of Harran. Various scholarly identifications are discussed by Green 1992, pp. 101–120. Van Bladel, Kevin (2009). "Hermes and the Ṣābians of Ḥarrān". The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 64–118. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376135.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-537613-5. De Blois, François (1995). "The "Sabians" (Ṣābi'ūn) in pre-Islamic Arabia". Acta Orientalia. 56: 39–61. Green, Tamara M. (1992). The City of the Moon God: Religious Traditions of Harran. Religions in the Graeco-Roman World. Vol. 114. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-09513-7.
        Green 1992, pp. 119–120; Stroumsa 2004, pp. 335–341; Hämeen-Anttila 2006, p. 50; Van Bladel 2009, p. 68. Green, Tamara M. (1992). The City of the Moon God: Religious Traditions of Harran. Religions in the Graeco-Roman World. Vol. 114. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-09513-7. Stroumsa, Sarah (2004). "Sabéens de Ḥarrān et Sabéens de Maïmonide". In Lévy, Tony; Rashed, Roshdi (eds.). Maïmonide: Philosophe et savant (1138–1204). Leuven: Peeters. pp. 335–352. ISBN 978-90-429-1458-2. Hämeen-Anttila, Jaakko (2006). The Last Pagans of Iraq: Ibn Waḥshiyya and His Nabatean Agriculture. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-15010-2. Van Bladel, Kevin (2009). "Hermes and the Ṣābians of Ḥarrān". The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 64–118. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376135.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-537613-5.

britannica.com

"Mandaeanism | religion | Britannica". April 21, 2023.
"The War of the Sons of Light Against the Sons of Darkness". Britannica. Retrieved March 4, 2022.
"Mandaeanism | religion". Britannica. Retrieved November 3, 2021.

butler.edu

digitalcommons.butler.edu

McGrath, James F.,"Reading the Story of Miriai on Two Levels: Evidence from Mandaean Anti-Jewish Polemic about the Origins and Setting of Early Mandaeism". ARAM Periodical / (2010): 583–592.
McGrath, James F.,"Reading the Story of Miriai on Two Levels: Evidence from Mandaean Anti-Jewish Polemic about the Origins and Setting of Early Mandaeism". ARAM Periodical / (2010): 583–592.

byu.edu

scholarsarchive.byu.edu

Deutsch 1998, p. 78; Thomas 2016 Thomas, Richard (January 29, 2016). "The Israelite Origins of the Mandaean People". Studia Antiqua. 5 (2).
Thomas 2016. Thomas, Richard (January 29, 2016). "The Israelite Origins of the Mandaean People". Studia Antiqua. 5 (2).
Drower 1960b, p. xiv; Rudolph 1977, p. 4; Thomas 2016; Macuch & Drower 1963;^{[page needed]} Lightfoot 1875 Drower, Ethel Stephana (1960b). The Secret Adam: A Study of Nasoraean Gnosis. Oxford: Clarendon Press. OCLC 654318531. Rudolph, Kurt (1977). "Mandaeism". In Moore, Albert C. (ed.). Iconography of Religions: An Introduction. Vol. 21. Chris Robertson. ISBN 978-0-8006-0488-2. Thomas, Richard (January 29, 2016). "The Israelite Origins of the Mandaean People". Studia Antiqua. 5 (2). Macuch, Rudolf; Drower, E. S. (1963). A Mandaic Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Lightfoot, Joseph Barber (1875). "On Some Points Connected with the Essenes". St. Paul's epistles to the Colossians and to Philemon: a revised text with introductions, notes, and dissertations. London: Macmillan Publishers. OCLC 6150927.

chicagotribune.com

Sly, Liz (November 16, 2008). "'This is one of the world's oldest religions, and it is going to die.'". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved November 5, 2021.

dnb.com

Mandaean Association of Texas in Pflugerville, Texas.

doi.org

De Blois 1960–2007; Van Bladel 2017, p. 5. De Blois, F.C. (1960–2007). "Ṣābiʾ". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0952. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
- Genequand 1999, p. 126; Van Bladel 2009, p. 67, note 4, citing De Blois 1995, pp. 51–52 and also referring to Margoliouth 1913, p. 519b. Genequand, Charles (1999). "Idolâtrie, astrolâtrie, et sabéisme". Studia Islamica. 89 (89): 109–128. doi:10.2307/1596088. JSTOR 1596088. Van Bladel, Kevin (2009). "Hermes and the Ṣābians of Ḥarrān". The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 64–118. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376135.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-537613-5. De Blois, François (1995). "The "Sabians" (Ṣābi'ūn) in pre-Islamic Arabia". Acta Orientalia. 56: 39–61. Margoliouth, D.S. (1913). "Harranians". In Hastings, James; Selbie, John A. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics. Vol. VI. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark. pp. 519–520. OCLC 4993011.
- Van Bladel 2017, p. 5. For a critical review of van Bladel's thesis, see McGrath 2019. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
  - Coughenour, Robert A. (December 1982). "The Wisdom Stance of Enoch's Redactor". Journal for the Study of Judaism in the Persian, Hellenistic, and Roman Period. 13 (1/2). Brill: 52. doi:10.1163/157006382X00035.
  - Hamidović, David (2010). "About the Links between the Dead Sea Scrolls and Mandaean Liturgy". ARAM Periodical. 22: 441–451. doi:10.2143/ARAM.22.0.2131048.
  - Van Bladel 2017, pp. 14, cf. pp. 7–15. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
    - De Blois 1960–2007; Van Bladel 2009, p. 65; Rashed 2009a, p. 646; Rashed 2009b, p. 21; Roberts 2017, pp. 253, 261–262. De Blois, F.C. (1960–2007). "Ṣābiʾ". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0952. Van Bladel, Kevin (2009). "Hermes and the Ṣābians of Ḥarrān". The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 64–118. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376135.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-537613-5. Rashed, Marwan (2009a). "Thabit ibn Qurra sur l'existence et l'infini: les réponses aux questions posées par Ibn Usayyid". In Rashed, Roshdi (ed.). Thābit ibn Qurra: Science and Philosophy in Ninth-Century Baghdad. Scientia Graeco-Arabica. Berlin: De Gruyter. pp. 619–673. doi:10.1515/9783110220797.6.619. ISBN 978-3-11-022078-0. Rashed, Roshdi (2009b). "Thābit ibn Qurra: From Ḥarrān to Baghdad". In Rashed, Roshdi (ed.). Thābit ibn Qurra: Science and Philosophy in Ninth-Century Baghdad. Scientia Graeco-Arabica. Berlin: De Gruyter. pp. 15–24. doi:10.1515/9783110220797.1.15. ISBN 978-3-11-022078-0. Roberts, Alexandre M. (2017). "Being a Sabian at Court in Tenth-Century Baghdad". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 137 (2): 253–277. doi:10.17613/M6GB8Z.
    - Arabestani, Mehrdad (December 19, 2016). "The Mandaeans' Religious System: From Mythos to Logos". Iran and the Caucasus. 20 (3–4). Brill: 261–276. doi:10.1163/1573384x-20160302. ISSN 1609-8498.
    - Müller-Kessler, Christa (2004). "The Mandaeans and the Question of Their Origin". ARAM Periodical. 16 (16): 47–60. doi:10.2143/ARAM.16.0.504671.
    - Yamauchi, Edwin (2004). Gnostic Ethics and Mandaean Origins. Gorgias Press. doi:10.31826/9781463209476. ISBN 978-1-4632-0947-6.
    - Van Bladel 2017; McGrath 2019. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
      - Drower 1960b, p. xiv; Rudolph 1977, p. 4; Gündüz 1994, pp. vii, 256; Macuch & Drower 1963;^{[page needed]} Segelberg 1969, pp. 228–239; Buckley 2002^{[page needed]} Drower, Ethel Stephana (1960b). The Secret Adam: A Study of Nasoraean Gnosis. Oxford: Clarendon Press. OCLC 654318531. Rudolph, Kurt (1977). "Mandaeism". In Moore, Albert C. (ed.). Iconography of Religions: An Introduction. Vol. 21. Chris Robertson. ISBN 978-0-8006-0488-2. Gündüz, Şinasi [in Turkish] (1994). The Knowledge of Life: The Origins and Early History of the Mandaeans and Their Relation to the Sabians of the Qur'ān and to the Harranians. Journal of Semitic Studies Supplement. Vol. 3. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-922193-6. Macuch, Rudolf; Drower, E. S. (1963). A Mandaic Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Segelberg, Eric (1969). "Old and New Testament figures in Mandaean version". Scripta Instituti Donneriani Aboensis. 3: 228–239. doi:10.30674/scripta.67040. Buckley, Jorunn J. (2002). The Mandaeans: Ancient Texts and Modern People. New York: Oxford University Press.
      - Häberl, Charles (2021). "Mandaic and the Palestinian Question". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 141 (1): 171–184. doi:10.7817/jameroriesoci.141.1.0171. S2CID 234204741.
      - Van Bladel 2017, p. 5. On the Sabians generally, see De Blois 1960–2007; De Blois 2004; Fahd 1960–2007; Van Bladel 2009. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
        Review: McGrath, James F. (2019). "James F. McGrath Reviews From Sasanian Mandaeans to Sabians (van Bladel)". Enoch Seminar Online. De Blois, F.C. (1960–2007). "Ṣābiʾ". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0952. De Blois, François (2004). "Sabians". In McAuliffe, Jane Dammen (ed.). Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān. doi:10.1163/1875-3922_q3_EQSIM_00362. Fahd, Toufic (1960–2007). "Ṣābiʾa". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0953. Van Bladel, Kevin (2009). "Hermes and the Ṣābians of Ḥarrān". The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 64–118. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376135.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-537613-5.
        Van Bladel 2017, p. 5. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
        Review: McGrath, James F. (2019). "James F. McGrath Reviews From Sasanian Mandaeans to Sabians (van Bladel)". Enoch Seminar Online.
        Van Bladel 2017, p. 47; on the identification of al-Hasan ibn Bahlul's source (named merely "Abu Ali") as Abu Ali Muhammad ibn Muqla, see p. 58. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
        Review: McGrath, James F. (2019). "James F. McGrath Reviews From Sasanian Mandaeans to Sabians (van Bladel)". Enoch Seminar Online.
        Van Bladel 2017, p. 54. On Ibn Muqla's possible motivations for applying the Quranic epithet to the Mandaeans rather than to the Harranian pagans (who were more commonly identified as 'Sabians' in the Baghdad of his time), see p. 66. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
        Review: McGrath, James F. (2019). "James F. McGrath Reviews From Sasanian Mandaeans to Sabians (van Bladel)". Enoch Seminar Online.
        Most notably Chwolsohn 1856 and Gündüz 1994, both cited by Van Bladel 2009, p. 67. Chwolsohn, Daniel (1856). Die Ssabier und die Ssabismus [The Sabians and the Sabianism]. Vols. 1–2. (in German). St. Petersburg: Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. OCLC 64850836. Gündüz, Şinasi [in Turkish] (1994). The Knowledge of Life: The Origins and Early History of the Mandaeans and Their Relation to the Sabians of the Qur'ān and to the Harranians. Journal of Semitic Studies Supplement. Vol. 3. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-922193-6. Van Bladel, Kevin (2009). "Hermes and the Ṣābians of Ḥarrān". The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 64–118. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376135.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-537613-5.
        As noted by Van Bladel 2009, pp. 67–68, modern scholars have variously identified the Sabians of the Quran as Mandaeans, Manichaeans (De Blois 1995), Sabaeans, Elchasaites, Archontics, ḥunafāʾ (either as a type of Gnostics or as "sectarians"), or as adherents of the astral religion of Harran. Various scholarly identifications are discussed by Green 1992, pp. 101–120. Van Bladel, Kevin (2009). "Hermes and the Ṣābians of Ḥarrān". The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 64–118. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376135.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-537613-5. De Blois, François (1995). "The "Sabians" (Ṣābi'ūn) in pre-Islamic Arabia". Acta Orientalia. 56: 39–61. Green, Tamara M. (1992). The City of the Moon God: Religious Traditions of Harran. Religions in the Graeco-Roman World. Vol. 114. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-09513-7.
        Green 1992, pp. 119–120; Stroumsa 2004, pp. 335–341; Hämeen-Anttila 2006, p. 50; Van Bladel 2009, p. 68. Green, Tamara M. (1992). The City of the Moon God: Religious Traditions of Harran. Religions in the Graeco-Roman World. Vol. 114. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-09513-7. Stroumsa, Sarah (2004). "Sabéens de Ḥarrān et Sabéens de Maïmonide". In Lévy, Tony; Rashed, Roshdi (eds.). Maïmonide: Philosophe et savant (1138–1204). Leuven: Peeters. pp. 335–352. ISBN 978-90-429-1458-2. Hämeen-Anttila, Jaakko (2006). The Last Pagans of Iraq: Ibn Waḥshiyya and His Nabatean Agriculture. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-15010-2. Van Bladel, Kevin (2009). "Hermes and the Ṣābians of Ḥarrān". The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 64–118. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376135.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-537613-5.

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De Blois 1960–2007; Van Bladel 2017, p. 5. De Blois, F.C. (1960–2007). "Ṣābiʾ". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0952. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
- Van Bladel 2017, p. 5. For a critical review of van Bladel's thesis, see McGrath 2019. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
  - Van Bladel 2017, pp. 14, cf. pp. 7–15. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
    - Van Bladel 2017; McGrath 2019. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
      - Van Bladel 2017, p. 5. On the Sabians generally, see De Blois 1960–2007; De Blois 2004; Fahd 1960–2007; Van Bladel 2009. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
        Review: McGrath, James F. (2019). "James F. McGrath Reviews From Sasanian Mandaeans to Sabians (van Bladel)". Enoch Seminar Online. De Blois, F.C. (1960–2007). "Ṣābiʾ". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0952. De Blois, François (2004). "Sabians". In McAuliffe, Jane Dammen (ed.). Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān. doi:10.1163/1875-3922_q3_EQSIM_00362. Fahd, Toufic (1960–2007). "Ṣābiʾa". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0953. Van Bladel, Kevin (2009). "Hermes and the Ṣābians of Ḥarrān". The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 64–118. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376135.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-537613-5.
        Van Bladel 2017, p. 5. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
        Review: McGrath, James F. (2019). "James F. McGrath Reviews From Sasanian Mandaeans to Sabians (van Bladel)". Enoch Seminar Online.
        Van Bladel 2017, p. 47; on the identification of al-Hasan ibn Bahlul's source (named merely "Abu Ali") as Abu Ali Muhammad ibn Muqla, see p. 58. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
        Review: McGrath, James F. (2019). "James F. McGrath Reviews From Sasanian Mandaeans to Sabians (van Bladel)". Enoch Seminar Online.
        Van Bladel 2017, p. 54. On Ibn Muqla's possible motivations for applying the Quranic epithet to the Mandaeans rather than to the Harranian pagans (who were more commonly identified as 'Sabians' in the Baghdad of his time), see p. 66. Van Bladel, Kevin (2017). From Sasanian Mandaeans to Ṣābians of the Marshes. Leiden: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004339460. ISBN 978-90-04-33943-9.
        Review: McGrath, James F. (2019). "James F. McGrath Reviews From Sasanian Mandaeans to Sabians (van Bladel)". Enoch Seminar Online.

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  - De Blois 1960–2007; Van Bladel 2009, p. 65; Rashed 2009a, p. 646; Rashed 2009b, p. 21; Roberts 2017, pp. 253, 261–262. De Blois, F.C. (1960–2007). "Ṣābiʾ". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0952. Van Bladel, Kevin (2009). "Hermes and the Ṣābians of Ḥarrān". The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 64–118. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376135.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-537613-5. Rashed, Marwan (2009a). "Thabit ibn Qurra sur l'existence et l'infini: les réponses aux questions posées par Ibn Usayyid". In Rashed, Roshdi (ed.). Thābit ibn Qurra: Science and Philosophy in Ninth-Century Baghdad. Scientia Graeco-Arabica. Berlin: De Gruyter. pp. 619–673. doi:10.1515/9783110220797.6.619. ISBN 978-3-11-022078-0. Rashed, Roshdi (2009b). "Thābit ibn Qurra: From Ḥarrān to Baghdad". In Rashed, Roshdi (ed.). Thābit ibn Qurra: Science and Philosophy in Ninth-Century Baghdad. Scientia Graeco-Arabica. Berlin: De Gruyter. pp. 15–24. doi:10.1515/9783110220797.1.15. ISBN 978-3-11-022078-0. Roberts, Alexandre M. (2017). "Being a Sabian at Court in Tenth-Century Baghdad". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 137 (2): 253–277. doi:10.17613/M6GB8Z.
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    Review: McGrath, James F. (2019). "James F. McGrath Reviews From Sasanian Mandaeans to Sabians (van Bladel)". Enoch Seminar Online. De Blois, F.C. (1960–2007). "Ṣābiʾ". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0952. De Blois, François (2004). "Sabians". In McAuliffe, Jane Dammen (ed.). Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān. doi:10.1163/1875-3922_q3_EQSIM_00362. Fahd, Toufic (1960–2007). "Ṣābiʾa". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0953. Van Bladel, Kevin (2009). "Hermes and the Ṣābians of Ḥarrān". The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 64–118. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376135.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-537613-5.
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  - Most notably Chwolsohn 1856 and Gündüz 1994, both cited by Van Bladel 2009, p. 67. Chwolsohn, Daniel (1856). Die Ssabier und die Ssabismus [The Sabians and the Sabianism]. Vols. 1–2. (in German). St. Petersburg: Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. OCLC 64850836. Gündüz, Şinasi [in Turkish] (1994). The Knowledge of Life: The Origins and Early History of the Mandaeans and Their Relation to the Sabians of the Qur'ān and to the Harranians. Journal of Semitic Studies Supplement. Vol. 3. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-922193-6. Van Bladel, Kevin (2009). "Hermes and the Ṣābians of Ḥarrān". The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 64–118. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376135.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-537613-5.
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  - Gelbert, Carlos (2013). The Mandaeans and the Christians in the time of Jesus Christ: enemies from the first days of the church. Fairfield, N.S.W.: Living Water Books. ISBN 978-0-9580346-4-7. OCLC 853508149.
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