a Madrid La Libertad deplored Nationalists' forced mobilisation of proletarian women "when ladies and damsels of Urraca Pastor hide in their homes, where they pray for the fascist cause" - La Libertad 02.11.37, available here,; the anarchist Solidaridad Obrera informed about the Moroccans raping Republican nurses and asked "what would Urraca Pastor say about this?" - Solidaridad Obrera 05.12.37, available here, while the Barcelona La Vanguardia ridiculed the propaganda of "doña Urraca" during the battle of Teruel – La Vanguardia 04.01.38, available here. For some reason her person attracted particular attention of the Republican propaganda, which overemphasized her role; she was even reported as a colonel, touring the frontlines by air accompanied by a personal adjutant, ABC (Madrid) 12.08.36, available here, or a newly appointed Nationalist minister of industry, ABC 01.08.36, referred after Moral Roncal 2013, p. 77. The ridiculing of Urraca persisted well into hostile historiography; a British scholar, Paul Preston, defines Delegación de Frentes y Hospitales as „a patrician welfare organization headed by the Carlist Maria Rosa Urraca Pastor", Paul Preston, Doves of War: Four Women of Spain, Boston 2002, ISBN9781555535605, p. 35
bibliotecavirtualdefensa.es
Diario Oficial de Ministerio de la Guerra 25.08.28, p. 565, available here, Antonio Manuel Moral Roncal, Auge y caída de una líder carlista en le franquismo: María Rosa Urraca Pastor, [in:] Aportes: Revista de historia contemporánea 81 (2013), p. 65
Boletin Oficial del Estado 01.06.39, p. 2996, available here
blogs.com
ianasagasti.blogs.com
Iñaki Mirena Anasagasti Olabeaga, Urraca, el policía franquista que lideró agentes y espías en el exterior, [in:] ianasagasti blog, available here
bne.es
hemerotecadigital.bne.es
La Correspondencia Militar 06.01.13, available here, later promoted to 2nd class, La Correspondencia Militar 07.05.13, available here
like lecture on „Cantos Asturianos" in 1925, El Sol 15.06.25, available here.
El Pensamiento Navarro, El Pensamiento Alavés, La Unión de Sevilla and Boletín de Orientación Tradicionalista, Andrés Prieto 2012, p. 68; she also formed editorial board of Ellas. Semanario de las mujeres españolas (1932-4), see < here
a Madrid La Libertad deplored Nationalists' forced mobilisation of proletarian women "when ladies and damsels of Urraca Pastor hide in their homes, where they pray for the fascist cause" - La Libertad 02.11.37, available here,; the anarchist Solidaridad Obrera informed about the Moroccans raping Republican nurses and asked "what would Urraca Pastor say about this?" - Solidaridad Obrera 05.12.37, available here, while the Barcelona La Vanguardia ridiculed the propaganda of "doña Urraca" during the battle of Teruel – La Vanguardia 04.01.38, available here. For some reason her person attracted particular attention of the Republican propaganda, which overemphasized her role; she was even reported as a colonel, touring the frontlines by air accompanied by a personal adjutant, ABC (Madrid) 12.08.36, available here, or a newly appointed Nationalist minister of industry, ABC 01.08.36, referred after Moral Roncal 2013, p. 77. The ridiculing of Urraca persisted well into hostile historiography; a British scholar, Paul Preston, defines Delegación de Frentes y Hospitales as „a patrician welfare organization headed by the Carlist Maria Rosa Urraca Pastor", Paul Preston, Doves of War: Four Women of Spain, Boston 2002, ISBN9781555535605, p. 35
Un libro recoge 136 testimonios inéditos de la Guerra del 36 recogidos por Barandiaran, [in:] Gara 25.05.06, available here, Diario Vasco 22.10.06, available here
elpais.com
Ressó June 1979, p. 14, available here, this either confusion or intended manipulation persisted well into the 1990s, see El Pais 23.07.96, available here
euskomedia.org
María Dolores Andrés Prieto, La mujer en la política y la política de la memoria. María Rosa Urraca Pastor, una estrella fugaz [MA thesis in Gender Studies], Salamanca 2012, p. 16; some sources claim she was born 1908, see María Rosa Urraca Pastor entry [in:] euskomedia service, available here, or Iker Gonzalez-Allende, ¿Ángeles en la batalla?: Representaciones de la enfermera en Champourcin y Urraca Pastor durante la guerra civil española [paper of Modern Languages and Literatures Department, University of Nebrasca], Lincoln 2009, p. 86. According to a municipal record of Barcelona reproduced by familysearch (available here) she was born on December 31, 1899
familysearch.org
María Dolores Andrés Prieto, La mujer en la política y la política de la memoria. María Rosa Urraca Pastor, una estrella fugaz [MA thesis in Gender Studies], Salamanca 2012, p. 16; some sources claim she was born 1908, see María Rosa Urraca Pastor entry [in:] euskomedia service, available here, or Iker Gonzalez-Allende, ¿Ángeles en la batalla?: Representaciones de la enfermera en Champourcin y Urraca Pastor durante la guerra civil española [paper of Modern Languages and Literatures Department, University of Nebrasca], Lincoln 2009, p. 86. According to a municipal record of Barcelona reproduced by familysearch (available here) she was born on December 31, 1899
fnff.es
María Rosa Urraca Pastor, Así empezaron, [in:] Fundacion Nacional Francisco Franco website, available here
gencat.cat
xacpremsa.cultura.gencat.cat
Ressó June 1979, p. 14, available here, this either confusion or intended manipulation persisted well into the 1990s, see El Pais 23.07.96, available here
both the 1941 obituary of the mother (La Vanguardia 21.12.41, available here) and her certificate of death (available here) refer only to María Rosa as her child
„a él [father] y a mi madre debo el caldo de cultivo en que crecí: familia profundamente cristiana y practicante", La Vanguardia 05.11.82, available here
La Vanguardia 26.01.72, available here; in 1982 she confirmed that „no soy hija de carlista", La Vanguardia 05.11.82
see the account of Ernesto Carratala, a communist and well-known professor of linguistics in Barcelona, who claims when upon having been captured as Republican POW in Sierra de Guadarrama, he got his wounds treated by Urraca herself; later she confronted the crowd of Falangists and Requetes and prevented his execution, La Vanguardia 10.09.99, available here; see also the story of a Nationalist soldier „shouting abuse at prisoners. She reminded him of his Spanish chivalry and his Christian charity, and such were her powers of persuasion that he finished up sharing his rations and his tobacco with the prisoners", Coni 2013, p. 45, also Manuel Martorell Pérez, La continuidad ideológica del carlismo tras la Guerra Civil [PhD thesis in Historia Contemporanea, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia], Valencia 2009, p. 86
a Madrid La Libertad deplored Nationalists' forced mobilisation of proletarian women "when ladies and damsels of Urraca Pastor hide in their homes, where they pray for the fascist cause" - La Libertad 02.11.37, available here,; the anarchist Solidaridad Obrera informed about the Moroccans raping Republican nurses and asked "what would Urraca Pastor say about this?" - Solidaridad Obrera 05.12.37, available here, while the Barcelona La Vanguardia ridiculed the propaganda of "doña Urraca" during the battle of Teruel – La Vanguardia 04.01.38, available here. For some reason her person attracted particular attention of the Republican propaganda, which overemphasized her role; she was even reported as a colonel, touring the frontlines by air accompanied by a personal adjutant, ABC (Madrid) 12.08.36, available here, or a newly appointed Nationalist minister of industry, ABC 01.08.36, referred after Moral Roncal 2013, p. 77. The ridiculing of Urraca persisted well into hostile historiography; a British scholar, Paul Preston, defines Delegación de Frentes y Hospitales as „a patrician welfare organization headed by the Carlist Maria Rosa Urraca Pastor", Paul Preston, Doves of War: Four Women of Spain, Boston 2002, ISBN9781555535605, p. 35
it might have counted that García Escámez, her old-time commander from the 1936 campaign in Sierra de Guadarrama, was appointed military governor of the province, Moral Roncal 2013, p. 87. In the 1950s she lived at Calle Consejo del Ciento 359, La Vanguardia 03.03.60, available here
she provided a foreword opening a promotional meeting of a book El carlismo en el ser de España by Felio Villarublas, see La Vanguardia 15.03.77, available here
mcu.es
prensahistorica.mcu.es
Boletín Oficial de la provincia de Logroño 25.08.1882, available here
Un libro recoge 136 testimonios inéditos de la Guerra del 36 recogidos por Barandiaran, [in:] Gara 25.05.06, available here, Diario Vasco 22.10.06, available here
religionenlibertad.com
compare comments below La Pasionaria, temida líder comunista, se confesó y comulgó antes de morir... católica, [in:] Religión en Libertad 11.04.13, available here; Urraca knew Ibarruri from the early Bilbao days and both remained on correct personal terms; their relationship, after the war somewhat cordial, was maintained at a distance even in the early 1970s, when Ibarruri was in Moscow, La Vanguardia 26.01.72
Krohn 2013; detailed discussion at La bruja y los paisanos: Doña Urraca de Jorge y varios señores normales, [in:] De Todo Un Poco blog 14.05.2011, available here
web.archive.org
Juan Urraca Sáenz's certificate of birth, available here
Rafaela Pastor Ortega's certificate of death, available here
both the 1941 obituary of the mother (La Vanguardia 21.12.41, available here) and her certificate of death (available here) refer only to María Rosa as her child
wikipedia.org
es.wikipedia.org
despite a massive support campaign organised by various Carlist structures Moral Roncal 2011, p. 221-222. Urraca was one of only 8 females among 942 candidates running; the other ones were Julia Becerra Malvar (right-wing independent), Matilde Torre Gutierrez, Margarita Nelken, Julia Álvarez (all PSOE), Maria Mayol (left-wing independent), Dolores Ibárruri (PCE) and Victoria Kent (IR), see the list in Manuel Álvarez Tardío, Roberto Villa García, 1936. Fraude y violencia en las elecciones del Frente Popular, Barcelona 2017, ISBN 9788467049466, pp. 580-599.
despite a massive support campaign organised by various Carlist structures Moral Roncal 2011, p. 221-222. Urraca was one of only 8 females among 942 candidates running; the other ones were Julia Becerra Malvar (right-wing independent), Matilde Torre Gutierrez, Margarita Nelken, Julia Álvarez (all PSOE), Maria Mayol (left-wing independent), Dolores Ibárruri (PCE) and Victoria Kent (IR), see the list in Manuel Álvarez Tardío, Roberto Villa García, 1936. Fraude y violencia en las elecciones del Frente Popular, Barcelona 2017, ISBN 9788467049466, pp. 580-599.
