Northern Han (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Northern Han" in English language version.

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archive.org

According to Old History of the Five Dynasties, vol. 99, and New History of the Five Dynasties, vol. 10. Liu Zhiyuan was of Shatuo origin. According to Wudai Huiyao, vol. 1 Liu Zhiyuan's great-great-grandfather Liu Tuan (劉湍) (titled as Emperor Mingyuan posthumously, granted the temple name of Wenzu) descended from Liu Bing (劉昞), Prince of Huaiyang, a son of Emperor Ming of Han.

books.google.com

Wilkinson, Endymion Porter (2000). Chinese History: A Manual. Harvard Univ Asia Center. p. 12. ISBN 9780674002494.
Mote, Frederick W. (2003). Imperial China 900-1800. Harvard University Press. pp. 67–68. ISBN 9780674012127.

wikipedia.org

zh.wikipedia.org

According to Old History of the Five Dynasties, vol. 99, and New History of the Five Dynasties, vol. 10. Liu Zhiyuan was of Shatuo origin. According to Wudai Huiyao, vol. 1 Liu Zhiyuan's great-great-grandfather Liu Tuan (劉湍) (titled as Emperor Mingyuan posthumously, granted the temple name of Wenzu) descended from Liu Bing (劉昞), Prince of Huaiyang, a son of Emperor Ming of Han.
History of the Five Dynasties, vol. 59.