Palestinian refugees (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Palestinian refugees" in English language version.

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  • Susan Akram (2011). International law and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Taylor & Francis. pp. 19–20, 38. ISBN 978-0415573221. The term 'refugees' applies to all persons, Arabs, Jews and others who have been displaced from their homes in Palestine. This would include Arabs in Israel who have been shifted from their normal places of residence. It would also include Jews who had their homes in Arab Palestine, such as the inhabitants of the Jewish quarter of the Old City. It would not include Arabs who lost their lands but not their houses, such as the inhabitants of Tulkarm
  • Brynen, Rex (2006). Perspectives on Palestinian repatriation. Palestinian Refugee Repatriation: Global Perspectives. Taylor & Francis. pp. 63–86 [66, 80]. ISBN 978-0415384971. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
  • Dumper 2006, p. 2: the right of return of the Palestinian refugees to their homes was accepted and supported by the United Nations Resolution 194. Dumper, Michael (2006). "Introduction". Palestinian Refugee Repatriation: Global Perspectives. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-415-38497-1.
  • Chiller-Glaus 2007, p. 82: Those exiled during or since 1967 are with their offspring known as "displaced persons" (nazihun) – although a high proportion of them are 1948 refugees Chiller-Glaus, Michael (2007). Tackling the Intractable: Palestinian Refugees and the Search for Middle East Peace. Peter Lang. ISBN 978-3-03911-298-2.
  • Research Fellow Truman Institute Benny Morris; Benny Morris; Morris Benny (2004). The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited. Cambridge University Press. pp. 597–. ISBN 978-0-521-00967-6. But no expulsion policy was ever enunciated and Ben-Gurion always refrained from issuing clear or written expulsion orders; he preferred that his generals 'understand' what he wanted. He probably wished to avoid going down in history as the 'great expeller' and he did not want his government to be blamed for a morally questionable policy.
  • Bowker 2003, p. 81. Bowker, Robert (2003). Palestinian Refugees: Mythology, Identity, and the Search for Peace. Lynne Rienner Publishers. ISBN 978-1-58826-202-8.
  • United Nations (1992). Yearbook of the United Nations. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 285. ISBN 978-0-7923-1970-2.
  • Albanese & Takkenberg 2020, p. 183: "The vast majority of the Palestinians who became refugees in 1948, continues to live in the places where they initially took refuge: Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, as well as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank. Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria, known as the traditional ‘host countries’, had no choice but to accept the presence of the refugees, while the United Nations (UN) through the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) and the United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine (UNCCP) provided them assistance and attempted to negotiate a political solution. Smaller groups of refugees who had settled in Egypt and Iraq were assisted by local governments, rather than the UN. Difficult living conditions in the host countries prompted thousands of refugees to seek better opportunities not only in the Arabian Peninsula, but also in North Africa." Albanese, Francesca P.; Takkenberg, Lex (2020). Palestinian Refugees in International Law. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-108678-6.
  • Albanese & Takkenberg 2020, p. 183-184: "Arab countries have generally supported Palestinians, including refugees, in the name of Arab brotherhood and solidarity, but at times also despised them, as a result of political factors and interests. For example, in Jordan former King Abdullah’s aspiration to modernize the East Bank of the Jordan River and re-establish ‘Greater Syria’ resulted in the annexation of the West Bank in 1950, and the extension of Jordanian citizenship to Palestinians under its control (refugees and non-refugee alike). In Lebanon, the Palestinian influx, dominated by Sunni Muslims, was perceived as a threat to the delicate balance between different religious confessions and the related political status quo. In Syria, the Palestinian refugees never constituted more than three per cent of the population and their presence was therefore far less sensitive than in Lebanon. In North Africa and the countries of the Arabian Peninsula, Palestinians were not recognized as refugees as they largely moved there as migrant workers seeking better opportunities, rather than international protection. Arab rulers generally welcomed them as a much needed work-force and also offered political support to their national cause, but subliminally despised the political message of freedom and emancipation that their ‘Palestinian-ness’ carried. With time, Palestinian refugees’ identity crystalized as a ‘nation-in-exile’, but it also became part of the national fabric of some of these countries, not only in Jordan and Lebanon, but also in Egypt, Iraq, and Kuwait. In the national history of some of those countries, Palestinians are somewhat associated with strife and unrest. This, coupled with lack of application of international human rights and refugee laws, as well as a high degree of politicization, has compounded their situation. While socio-economic differences exist across Palestinians in exile, and those who have thrived in host communities are all but rare, the large majority has come to constitute a ‘politically, socially, and economically disadvantaged group’ that has often experienced poverty, discrimination, and, not infrequently, persecution because of their nationality, including in countries where they were initially well received and either legally or de facto integrated. As a result, pending the quest for a political settlement, many have been forced to move from one country to another, often more than once, finding themselves going from one unstable situation to the next." Albanese, Francesca P.; Takkenberg, Lex (2020). Palestinian Refugees in International Law. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-108678-6.
  • Albanese & Takkenberg 2020, p. 268: "While cases of Palestinians acquiring citizenship in Arab states are not rare – with Jordan standing out for conferring its citizenship to a large group of Palestinians en masse – they have been ad hoc and are not well documented. The subject remains sensitive, as it is often perceived as allowing Israel to evade its responsibility towards the refugees. In general, the treatment has ranged from favourable in certain countries and at given times in history (e.g. in Libya and the Arabian Peninsula until the 1990s and in Iraq until 2003), to discriminatory and often degrading in others (such as Lebanon and Egypt after the 1970s, as well as many states on multiple occasions since the 1990s). Such treatment has also reflected self-interest, since Palestinians were largely welcome as qualified work-force at the time it was needed. Political circumstances surrounding the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, as well as shifts in the relations between Arab states and the Palestinian leadership (PLO and PA) have often impacted Arab states’ approach to Palestinians. Vindictive policies, often aiming at targeting the PLO, have resulted in the punishment of hundreds of thousands and the ongoing displacement of many more. About 700,000 Palestinians, mostly children and grandchildren of the 1948 refugees, have been cumulatively displaced from Arab countries alone, from the 1970s onward. While the legacy of Palestinian militant resistance in a number of Arab countries cannot be ignored, as a whole, the Palestinian people – and the refugees in particular – have paid the brunt for the political deadlock." Albanese, Francesca P.; Takkenberg, Lex (2020). Palestinian Refugees in International Law. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-108678-6.

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  • Yann Le Troquer and Rozenn Hommery al-Oudat (Spring 1999). "From Kuwait to Jordan: The Palestinians' Third Exodus". Journal of Palestine Studies. 28 (3): 37–51. doi:10.2307/2538306. ISSN 0377-919X. JSTOR 2538306.

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  • Yann Le Troquer and Rozenn Hommery al-Oudat (Spring 1999). "From Kuwait to Jordan: The Palestinians' Third Exodus". Journal of Palestine Studies. 28 (3): 37–51. doi:10.2307/2538306. ISSN 0377-919X. JSTOR 2538306.

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  • Simon Haddad, The Origins of Popular Opposition to Palestinian Resettlement in Lebanon, International Migration Review, Volume 38 Number 2 (Summer 2004):470-492. Also Peteet [1].

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  • R. Brynen, 'Addressing the Palestinian Refugee Issue: A Brief Overview' (McGill University, background paper for the Refugee Coordination Forum, Berlin, April 2007), p. 15, available here (08/08/09)

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  • A/RES/194 (III). "A/RES/194 (III) of 11 December 1948". unispal.un.org. UNISPAL.
  • UN Doc A/8389 of 5 October 1971. Para 57. appearing in the Sunday Times (London) on 11 October 1970, where reference is made not only to the villages of Jalou, Beit Nuba, and Imwas, also referred to by the Special Committee in its first report, but in addition to villages like Surit, Beit Awwa, Beit Mirsem and El-Shuyoukh in the Hebron area and Jiflik, Agarith and Huseirat, in the Jordan Valley. The Special Committee has ascertained that all these villages have been completely destroyed Para 58. the village of Nebi Samwil was in fact destroyed by Israeli armed forces on 22 March 1971. "A/8389 of 5 October 1971". Archived from the original on 9 March 2012. Retrieved 14 August 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  • "Yearbook of the United Nations 1948–49 (excerpts)". UNISPAL. 31 December 1949. Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 8 August 2009.

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  • "Consolidated Eligibility and Registration Instructions" (PDF). UNRWA. Persons who meet UNRWA's Palestine Refugee criteria These are persons whose normal place of residence was Palestine during the period 1 June 1946 to 15 May 1948, and who lost both home and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 conflict. Palestine Refugees, and descendants of Palestine refugee males, including legally adopted children, are eligible to register for UNRWA services. The Agency accepts new applications from persons who wish to be registered as Palestine Refugees. Once they are registered with UNRWA, persons in this category are referred to as Registered Refugees or as Registered Palestine Refugees.
  • UNRWA: FAQ: As of 2019, over 5.6 million Palestine refugees were registered as such with the Agency "Frequently asked questions". UNRWA. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
  • UNRWA: more than 1.5 million individuals, live in 58 recognized Palestine refugee camps in ... "Palestine refugees". UNRWA. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
  • UNRWA: In the aftermath of the hostilities of June 1967 and the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, ten camps were established to accommodate a new wave of displaced persons, both refugees and non-refugees. "Palestine refugees". UNRWA. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
  • UNRWA. "Palestine refugees". UNRWA. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
  • UNRWA: UNRWA services are available to all those living in its area of operations who meet this definition, who are registered with the Agency and who need assistance. "Palestine refugees". UNRWA. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
  • UNRWA: A Palestine refugee camp is defined as a plot of land placed at the disposal of UNRWA by the host government to accommodate Palestine refugees and set up facilities to cater to their needs. "Palestine refugees". UNRWA. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
  • "Who are Palestine refugees?". Palestine refugees. United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
  • "UNRWA's Frequently Asked Questions under "Who is a Palestine refugee?"". United Nations. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
  • "Palestine refugees". UNRWA.
  • "RSS in Syria". UNRWA. 2013. Retrieved 8 November 2013.
  • "UNRWA in figures" (PDF). UNRWA.
  • "Where We Work". UNRWA. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
  • "Camp Profiles". unrwa.org. United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East. Retrieved 2 July 2015.

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  • Yann Le Troquer and Rozenn Hommery al-Oudat (Spring 1999). "From Kuwait to Jordan: The Palestinians' Third Exodus". Journal of Palestine Studies. 28 (3): 37–51. doi:10.2307/2538306. ISSN 0377-919X. JSTOR 2538306.

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