Plastic pollution (English Wikipedia)

"The Teskey Brothers lead this year's Plastic Free July initiative". Beat. 2 July 2018. Retrieved 7 May 2026. GMA's first international ambassador Jack Johnson is sacking plastic bottles.

biologicaldiversity.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Ocean Plastics Pollution". Center for Biological Diversity. Archived from the original on 25 August 2012. Retrieved 17 May 2019.

bloomberg.com (Global: 118^th place; English: 85^th place)

Dottle, Rachael (30 December 2022). "The Climate Impact of Our Insatiable Plastic Addiction". Bloomberg.com. Retrieved 8 April 2024.

bnnbloomberg.ca (Global: low place; English: 6,121^st place)

BNN Bloomberg, 17 Sept. 2020, "Voluntary Efforts Curb the World's Plastic Problem Aren't Working"

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Hester, Ronald E.; Harrison, R. M. (editors) (2011). Marine Pollution and Human Health. Royal Society of Chemistry. pp. 84–85. ISBN 184973240X
Aggarwal, Poonam; (et al.) Interactive Environmental Education Book VIII. Pitambar Publishing. p. 86. ISBN 8120913736

britannica.com (Global: 37^th place; English: 64^th place)

"Plastic pollution". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 1 August 2013.

byebyeplasticbags.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Global". Bye Bye Plastic Bags. 12 January 2018. Retrieved 21 January 2022.

changingmarkets.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Changing Markets Foundation, 17 Sept. 2020, "Ground-Breaking Report Reveals Hypocrisy of World's Biggest Plastic Polluters: 'Talking Trash' Exposes How Big Plastic Has Obstructed and Undermined Proven Legislative Solutions to The Crisis for Decades"

ciel.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Plastic & Climate The Hidden Costs of a Plastic Planet (PDF). Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL), Environmental Integrity Project (EIP), FracTracker Alliance, Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives (GAIA), 5Gyres, Break free from plastic. 2019. pp. 69–77. Retrieved 7 February 2024.

cnbc.com (Global: 303^rd place; English: 191^st place)

Lee, Yen Nee (25 January 2019). "Malaysia, following in China's footsteps, bans imports of plastic waste". CNBC. Retrieved 26 January 2022.
Newburger, Emma (21 June 2022). "Canada is banning single-use plastics, including grocery bags and straws". CNBC. Retrieved 4 July 2022.

cnn.com (Global: 36^th place; English: 26^th place)

cnn.com

Sutter, John D. (12 December 2016). "How to stop the sixth mass extinction". CNN. Retrieved 18 September 2017.

edition.cnn.com

Narula, Maheshpreet Kaur (8 June 2021). "A 'Bubble Barrier' is trapping plastic waste before it can get into the sea". CNN. Retrieved 26 November 2021.

coastalcare.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Le Guern, Claire (March 2018). "When The Mermaids Cry: The Great Plastic Tide". Coastal Care.

copip.eu (Global: low place; English: low place)

Anyiego, Beldine (15 August 2022). "AFRICA: The Clean Oceans initiative will fund twice as many projects as expected?". COPIP. Retrieved 27 January 2023.

creativecommons.org (Global: 580^th place; English: 287^th place)

Barrett, Justine; Chase, Zanna; Zhang, Jing; Holl, Mark M. Banaszak; Willis, Kathryn; Williams, Alan; Hardesty, Britta D.; Wilcox, Chris (2020). "Microplastic Pollution in Deep-Sea Sediments From the Great Australian Bight". Frontiers in Marine Science. 7. Bibcode:2020FrMaS...776170B. doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.576170. ISSN 2296-7745. S2CID 222125532. Available under CC BY 4.0.

csis.org (Global: 2,377^th place; English: 1,686^th place)

Benson, Emily; Mortensen, Sarah (7 October 2021). "The Basel Convention: From Hazardous Waste to Plastic Pollution".

csmonitor.com (Global: 982^nd place; English: 614^th place)

"Plastics have shaped nearly every aspect of society. Now what?". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 14 July 2023.

dailyiowan.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Hildahl, Grace. "Opinion | Stop buying the bottle and embrace the environmentally friendly benefits of refill stations". The Daily Iowan. Retrieved 21 February 2022.

dailypost.ng (Global: 4,619^th place; English: 2,626^th place)

Opara, George (21 May 2019). "Reps pass bill banning plastic bags, prescribe fines against offenders". Daily Post. Lagos, Nigeria. Daily Post. Retrieved 27 May 2019.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Hammer, J; Kraak, MH; Parsons, JR (2012). "Plastics in the Marine Environment: The Dark Side of a Modern Gift". Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Vol. 220. pp. 1–44. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-3414-6_1. ISBN 978-1-4614-3413-9. PMID 22610295. S2CID 5842747.
Worm, Boris; Lotze, Heike K.; Jubinville, Isabelle; Wilcox, Chris; Jambeck, Jenna (17 October 2017). "Plastic as a Persistent Marine Pollutant". Annual Review of Environment and Resources. 42 (1): 1–26. doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-102016-060700. ISSN 1543-5938.
Ong, Sandy (24 August 2023). "The living things that feast on plastic". Knowable Magazine. doi:10.1146/knowable-082423-1.
Meijer, Lourens J. J.; Van Emmerik, Tim; Van Der Ent, Ruud; Schmidt, Christian; Lebreton, Laurent (2021). "More than 1000 rivers account for 80% of global riverine plastic emissions into the ocean". Science Advances. 7 (18). Bibcode:2021SciA....7.5803M. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz5803. PMC 8087412. PMID 33931460.
Shams, Mehnaz; Alam, Iftaykhairul; Mahbub, Md Shahriar (October 2021). "Plastic pollution during COVID-19: Plastic waste directives and its long-term impact on the environment". Environmental Advances. 5 100119. Bibcode:2021EnvAd...500119S. doi:10.1016/j.envadv.2021.100119. ISSN 2666-7657. PMC 8464355. PMID 34604829.
Ana, Silva (2021). "Increased Plastic Pollution Due to Covid-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Recommendations". Chemical Engineering Journal. 405 126683. Bibcode:2021ChEnJ.40526683P. doi:10.1016/j.cej.2020.126683. PMC 7430241. PMID 32834764.
Mathieu-Denoncourt, Justine; Wallace, Sarah J.; de Solla, Shane R.; Langlois, Valerie S. (November 2014). "Plasticizer endocrine disruption: Highlighting developmental and reproductive effects in mammals and non-mammalian aquatic species". General and Comparative Endocrinology. 219: 74–88. doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.11.003. PMID 25448254.
Walker, Tony R.; Xanthos, Dirk (2018). "A call for Canada to move toward zero plastic waste by reducing and recycling single-use plastics". Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 133: 99–100. Bibcode:2018RCR...133...99W. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.02.014. S2CID 117378637.
Jambeck, Jenna R.; Geyer, Roland; Wilcox, Chris; Siegler, Theodore R.; Perryman, Miriam; Andrady, Anthony; Narayan, Ramani; Law, Kara Lavender (13 February 2015). "Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean". Science. 347 (6223): 768–771. Bibcode:2015Sci...347..768J. doi:10.1126/science.1260352. PMID 25678662. S2CID 206562155.
Li, Penghui; Wang, Xiaodan; Su, Min; Zou, Xiaoyan; Duan, Linlin; Zhang, Hongwu (1 October 2021). "Characteristics of Plastic Pollution in the Environment: A Review". Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 107 (4): 577–584. Bibcode:2021BuECT.107..577L. doi:10.1007/s00128-020-02820-1. ISSN 1432-0800. PMID 32166334. S2CID 212681362.
Geyer R, Jambeck JR, Law KL (July 2017). "Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made". Science Advances. 3 (7) e1700782. Bibcode:2017SciA....3E0782G. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1700782. PMC 5517107. PMID 28776036.
Zimmermann, Wolfgang (2025). "Biocatalytic recycling of plastics: Facts and fiction". Chemical Science. 16 (16): 6573–6582. doi:10.1039/d5sc00083a. PMC 11955835. PMID 40171028.
Barnes, D. K. A.; Galgani, F.; Thompson, R. C.; Barlaz, M. (14 June 2009). "Accumulation and fragmentation of plastic debris in global environments". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 364 (1526): 1985–1998. doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0205. PMC 2873009. PMID 19528051.
Walker, T.R.; Reid, K.; Arnould, J.P.Y.; Croxall, J.P. (1997). "Marine debris surveys at Bird Island, South Georgia 1990–1995". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 34 (1): 61–65. Bibcode:1997MarPB..34...61W. doi:10.1016/S0025-326X(96)00053-7.
Pettipas, Shauna; Bernier, Meagan; Walker, Tony R. (2016). "A Canadian policy framework to mitigate plastic marine pollution". Marine Policy. 68: 117–122. Bibcode:2016MarPo..68..117P. doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2016.02.025.
Driedger, Alexander G.J.; Dürr, Hans H.; Mitchell, Kristen; Van Cappellen, Philippe (March 2015). "Plastic debris in the Laurentian Great Lakes: A review" (PDF). Journal of Great Lakes Research. 41 (1): 9–19. Bibcode:2015JGLR...41....9D. doi:10.1016/j.jglr.2014.12.020.
Otaga, Y. (2009). "International Pellet Watch: Global monitoring of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in coastal waters. 1. Initial phase data on PCBs, DDTs, and HCHs" (PDF). Marine Pollution Bulletin. 58 (10): 1437–1446. Bibcode:2009MarPB..58.1437O. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.06.014. PMID 19635625.
Barrett, Justine; Chase, Zanna; Zhang, Jing; Holl, Mark M. Banaszak; Willis, Kathryn; Williams, Alan; Hardesty, Britta D.; Wilcox, Chris (2020). "Microplastic Pollution in Deep-Sea Sediments From the Great Australian Bight". Frontiers in Marine Science. 7. Bibcode:2020FrMaS...776170B. doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.576170. ISSN 2296-7745. S2CID 222125532. Available under CC BY 4.0.
Law, Kara Lavender; Starr, Natalie; Siegler, Theodore R.; Jambeck, Jenna R.; Mallos, Nicholas J.; Leonard, George H. (2020). "The United States' contribution of plastic waste to land and ocean". Science Advances. 6 (44). Bibcode:2020SciA....6..288L. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abd0288. PMC 7608798. PMID 33127684.
Lebreton, Laurent; Andrady, Anthony (2019). "Future scenarios of global plastic waste generation and disposal". Palgrave Communications. 5 (1). Nature. doi:10.1057/s41599-018-0212-7. ISSN 2055-1045. Lebreton2019. the Asian continent was in 2015 the leading generating region of plastic waste with 82 Mt, followed by Europe (31 Mt) and Northern America (29 Mt). Latin America (including the Caribbean) and Africa each produced 19 Mt of plastic waste while Oceania generated about 0.9 Mt.
Christian Schmidt; Tobias Krauth; Stephan Wagner (11 October 2017). "Export of Plastic Debris by Rivers into the Sea" (PDF). Environmental Science & Technology. 51 (21): 12246–12253. Bibcode:2017EnST...5112246S. doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b02368. PMID 29019247. The 10 top-ranked rivers transport 88–95% of the global load into the sea
Hardesty, Britta Denise (2017). "Plastic Pollution Challenges in Marine and Coastal Environments: From Local to Global Governance". Restoration Ecology. 25 (1): 123–128. Bibcode:2017ResEc..25..123V. doi:10.1111/rec.12388. S2CID 55423492.
De Matteis, Alessandro; Turkmen Ceylan, Fethiye Burcu; Daoud, Mona; Kahuthu, Anne (2022). "A systemic approach to tackling ocean plastic debris". Environment Systems and Decisions. 42 (1): 136–145. Bibcode:2022EnvSD..42..136D. doi:10.1007/s10669-021-09832-0. ISSN 2194-5403. S2CID 238208588.
Thushari, G. G. N.; Senevirathna, J. D. M. (1 August 2020). "Plastic pollution in the marine environment". Heliyon. 6 (8) e04709. Bibcode:2020Heliy...604709T. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04709. ISSN 2405-8440. PMC 7475234. PMID 32923712.
Kibria, Md. Golam; Masuk, Nahid Imtiaz; Safayet, Rafat; Nguyen, Huy Quoc; Mourshed, Monjur (20 January 2023). "Plastic Waste: Challenges and Opportunities to Mitigate Pollution and Effective Management". International Journal of Environmental Research. 17 (1): 20. Bibcode:2023IJEnR..17...20K. doi:10.1007/s41742-023-00507-z. ISSN 2008-2304. PMC 9857911. PMID 36711426.
Honingh, Dorien; van Emmerik, Tim; Uijttewaal, Wim; Kardhana, Hadi; Hoes, Olivier; van de Giesen, Nick (2020). "Urban River Water Level Increase Through Plastic Waste Accumulation at a Rack Structure". Frontiers in Earth Science. 8: 28. Bibcode:2020FrEaS...8...28H. doi:10.3389/feart.2020.00028. ISSN 2296-6463.
Li, P., Wang, X., Su, M., Zou, X., Duan, L., & Zhang, H. (2020). Characteristics of plastic pollution in the environment: A Review. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 107(4), 577–584. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-020-02820-1
Mbachu, O., Jenkins, G., Kaparaju, P., & Pratt, C. (2021). The rise of artificial soil carbon inputs: Reviewing microplastic pollution effects in the soil environment. Science of the Total Environment, 780, 146569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146569
Chae, Y., & An, Y.-J. (2018). Current research trends on plastic pollution and ecological impacts on the soil ecosystem: A Review. Environmental Pollution, 240, 387–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.05.008
Wei, F., Xu, C., Chen, C., Wang, Y., Lan, Y., Long, L., Xu, M., Wu, J., Shen, F., Zhang, Y., Xiao, Y., & Yang, G. (2022). Distribution of microplastics in the sludge of wastewater treatment plants in Chengdu, China. Chemosphere, 287, 132357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132357
Yang, J., Li, L., Li, R., Xu, L., Shen, Y., Li, S., Tu, C., Wu, L., Christie, P., & Luo, Y. (2021). Microplastics in an agricultural soil following repeated application of three types of sewage sludge: A field study. Environmental Pollution, 289, 117943. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117943
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Schmidt, Christian; Krauth, Tobias; Wagner, Stephan (7 November 2017). "Export of Plastic Debris by Rivers into the Sea". Environmental Science & Technology. 51 (21): 12246–12253. Bibcode:2017EnST...5112246S. doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b02368. ISSN 0013-936X. PMID 29019247.
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Mohammed, Musa; Shafiq, Nasir; Elmansoury, Ali; Al-Mekhlafi, Al-Baraa Abdulrahman; Rached, Ehab Farouk; Zawawi, Noor Amila; Haruna, Abdulrahman; Rafindadi, Aminu Darda'u; Ibrahim, Muhammad Bello (January 2021). "Modeling of 3R (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) for Sustainable Construction Waste Reduction: A Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM)". Sustainability. 13 (19) 10660. Bibcode:2021Sust...1310660M. doi:10.3390/su131910660. ISSN 2071-1050.
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Meijer, Lourens J. J.; van Emmerik, Tim; van der Ent, Ruud; Schmidt, Christian; Lebreton, Laurent (30 April 2021). "More than 1000 rivers account for 80% of global riverine plastic emissions into the ocean". Science Advances. 7 (18) eaaz5803. Bibcode:2021SciA....7.5803M. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz5803. ISSN 2375-2548. PMC 8087412. PMID 33931460.
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ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

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"Small, Smaller, Microscopic!". The Great Nurdle Hunt. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 30 November 2017.

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pbs.org (Global: 260^th place; English: 176^th place)

"Plastics Industry Insiders Reveal the Truth About Recycling". Frontline. PBS. 31 March 2020.

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plasticfreefoundation.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

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plasticseurope.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

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pollstar.com (Global: 4,742^nd place; English: 2,558^th place)

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"Breakthrough in separating plastic waste: Machines can now distinguish 12 different types of plastic". Aarhus University. Retrieved 19 January 2022.

theatlantic.com (Global: 322^nd place; English: 198^th place)

Enck, Judith; Dell, Jan (30 May 2022). "Plastic Recycling Doesn't Work and Will Never Work". The Atlantic. Retrieved 3 July 2022.

theconversation.com (Global: 840^th place; English: 594^th place)

Farrelly, Trisia (18 March 2019). "We need a legally binding treaty to make plastic pollution history". The Conversation. Retrieved 14 April 2021.

theguardian.com (Global: 16^th place; English: 11^th place)

Laville, Sandra (9 December 2020). "Human-made materials now outweigh Earth's entire biomass – study". The Guardian. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
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Plastic pollution (English Wikipedia)

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hdl.handle.net (Global: 66th place; English: 34th place)

himachal.nic.in (Global: low place; English: low place)

hrw.org (Global: 601st place; English: 472nd place)

huffpost.com (Global: 558th place; English: 364th place)

iisd.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

impakter.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

independent.co.uk (Global: 46th place; English: 29th place)

indianexpress.com (Global: 108th place; English: 58th place)

interregeurope.eu (Global: low place; English: low place)

iucn.org (Global: 3,361st place; English: 2,917th place)

acs.org (Global: 865^th place; English: 887^th place)

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14^th place; English: 9^th place)

amsterdam.nl (Global: 6,144^th place; English: 8,412^th place)

annualreviews.org (Global: 2,959^th place; English: 2,678^th place)

bbc.com (Global: 26^th place; English: 23^rd place)

beat.com.au (Global: low place; English: 7,329^th place)

bloomberg.com (Global: 118^th place; English: 85^th place)

bnnbloomberg.ca (Global: low place; English: 6,121^st place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

britannica.com (Global: 37^th place; English: 64^th place)

cnbc.com (Global: 303^rd place; English: 191^st place)

cnn.com (Global: 36^th place; English: 26^th place)

creativecommons.org (Global: 580^th place; English: 287^th place)

csis.org (Global: 2,377^th place; English: 1,686^th place)

csmonitor.com (Global: 982^nd place; English: 614^th place)

dailypost.ng (Global: 4,619^th place; English: 2,626^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

downtoearth.org.in (Global: low place; English: 7,241^st place)

dw.com (Global: 205^th place; English: 320^th place)

economist.com (Global: 331^st place; English: 272^nd place)

eib.org (Global: 7,617^th place; English: 5,083^rd place)

elsevier.com (Global: 365^th place; English: 372^nd place)

epa.gov (Global: 961^st place; English: 595^th place)

euractiv.com (Global: 2,945^th place; English: 2,167^th place)

euronews.com (Global: 587^th place; English: 729^th place)

europa.eu (Global: 62^nd place; English: 100^th place)

forbes.com (Global: 71^st place; English: 54^th place)

ft.com (Global: 193^rd place; English: 127^th place)

go.com (Global: 97^th place; English: 79^th place)

grist.org (Global: low place; English: 6,921^st place)

haaretz.com (Global: 379^th place; English: 278^th place)

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

hrw.org (Global: 601^st place; English: 472^nd place)

huffpost.com (Global: 558^th place; English: 364^th place)

independent.co.uk (Global: 46^th place; English: 29^th place)

indianexpress.com (Global: 108^th place; English: 58^th place)

iucn.org (Global: 3,361^st place; English: 2,917^th place)

kci.go.kr (Global: 9,355^th place; English: 7,862^nd place)

knowablemagazine.org (Global: low place; English: 9,041^st place)

nap.edu (Global: 2,540^th place; English: 1,815^th place)

nationalacademies.org (Global: 5,043^rd place; English: 4,239^th place)

nationalgeographic.com (Global: 489^th place; English: 425^th place)

ncsl.org (Global: 6,928^th place; English: 3,815^th place)

newindianexpress.com (Global: 279^th place; English: 132^nd place)

nhm.ac.uk (Global: 416^th place; English: 865^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

npr.org (Global: 114^th place; English: 75^th place)

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

nzherald.co.nz (Global: 390^th place; English: 205^th place)

oecd.org (Global: 1,345^th place; English: 1,190^th place)

ourworldindata.org (Global: 2,491^st place; English: 1,740^th place)

pbs.org (Global: 260^th place; English: 176^th place)

phys.org (Global: 1,595^th place; English: 1,363^rd place)

pollstar.com (Global: 4,742^nd place; English: 2,558^th place)

reuters.com (Global: 38^th place; English: 30^th place)

science.org (Global: 1,007^th place; English: 665^th place)

sciencedaily.com (Global: 1,390^th place; English: 1,286^th place)

sciencedirect.com (Global: 137^th place; English: 146^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

statista.com (Global: 1,214^th place; English: 1,277^th place)

straitstimes.com (Global: 461^st place; English: 263^rd place)

theatlantic.com (Global: 322^nd place; English: 198^th place)

theconversation.com (Global: 840^th place; English: 594^th place)

theguardian.com (Global: 16^th place; English: 11^th place)

thehindu.com (Global: 72^nd place; English: 37^th place)

themusicnetwork.com (Global: 7,280^th place; English: 3,803^rd place)

time.com (Global: 84^th place; English: 63^rd place)

treehugger.com (Global: low place; English: 8,238^th place)

ucsb.edu (Global: 1,099^th place; English: 630^th place)

un.org (Global: 117^th place; English: 160^th place)

unep.org (Global: 4,173^rd place; English: 3,588^th place)

unesco.org (Global: 104^th place; English: 170^th place)

uwaterloo.ca (Global: 3,649^th place; English: 2,434^th place)