Polyethylene (English Wikipedia)

Wapler, M. C.; Leupold, J.; Dragonu, I.; von Elverfeldt, D.; Zaitsev, M.; Wallrabe, U. (2014). "Magnetic properties of materials for MR engineering, micro-MR and beyond". JMR. 242: 233–242. arXiv:1403.4760. Bibcode:2014JMagR.242..233W. doi:10.1016/j.jmr.2014.02.005. PMID 24705364. S2CID 11545416.

bbc.co.uk

Briggs, Helen. "Plastic-eating caterpillar could munch waste, scientists say". BBC News. Retrieved 24 April 2017.

bnf.fr

gallica.bnf.fr

von Pechmann, H. (1898). "Ueber Diazomethan und Nitrosoacylamine". Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin. 31: 2640–2646.
Bamberger, Eug.; Tschirner, Fred. (1900). "Ueber die Einwirkung von Diazomethan auf β-Arylhydroxylamine" [On the effect of diazomethane on β-arylhydroxylamine]. Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin. 33: 955–959. doi:10.1002/cber.190003301166.
Bamberger, Eugen; Tschirner, Friedrich (1900). "Ueber die Einwirkung von Diazomethan auf β-Arylhydroxylamine" [On the effect of diazomethane on β-arylhydroxylamine]. Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin. 33: 955–959. doi:10.1002/cber.190003301166. [page 956]: Eine theilweise – übrigens immer nur minimale – Umwandlung des Diazomethans in Stickstoff und Polymethylen vollzieht sich auch bei ganz andersartigen Reactionen; ... [A partial – incidentally, always only minimal – conversion of diazomethane into nitrogen and polymethylene takes place also during quite different reactions; ...]

boedeker.com

"How to Identify Plastic Materials Using The Burn Test". Boedeker Plastics. Retrieved 8 May 2012.

books.google.com

"Poly – the all-star plastic". Popular Mechanics. Vol. 91, no. 1. Hearst Magazines. July 1949. pp. 125–129. Retrieved 20 February 2014 – via Google Books.

carbidecamps.net

A History of Union Carbide Corporation (PDF). p. 69.

chemgapedia.de

Chlorsulfoniertes Polyethylen (CSM). ChemgaPedia.de

chemsrc.com

"poly(ethylene)". ChemSrc.

doi.org

Wapler, M. C.; Leupold, J.; Dragonu, I.; von Elverfeldt, D.; Zaitsev, M.; Wallrabe, U. (2014). "Magnetic properties of materials for MR engineering, micro-MR and beyond". JMR. 242: 233–242. arXiv:1403.4760. Bibcode:2014JMagR.242..233W. doi:10.1016/j.jmr.2014.02.005. PMID 24705364. S2CID 11545416.
Hemakumara, G. P. T. S.; Madhusankha, T. G. Shamal (2023). "Challenges of Reducing Polythene and Plastic in Sri Lanka: A Case Study of Attanagalla Secretariat Division". Socially Responsible Plastic. Developments in Corporate Governance and Responsibility. 19: 59–73. doi:10.1108/S2043-052320230000019004. ISBN 978-1-80455-987-1.
Whiteley, Kenneth S.; Heggs, T. Geoffrey; Koch, Hartmut; Mawer, Ralph L.; Immel, Wolfgang (2000). "Polyolefins". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. doi:10.1002/14356007.a21_487. ISBN 3-527-30673-0.
Geyer, Roland; Jambeck, Jenna R.; Law, Kara Lavender (1 July 2017). "Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made". Science Advances. 3 (7): e1700782. Bibcode:2017SciA....3E0782G. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1700782. PMC 5517107. PMID 28776036.
Yao, Zhuang; Jeong Seong, Hyeon; Jang, Yu-Sin (2022). "Environmental toxicity and decomposition of polyethylene". Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 242: 1, 3. Bibcode:2022EcoES.24213933Y. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113933. PMID 35930840.
Bamberger, Eug.; Tschirner, Fred. (1900). "Ueber die Einwirkung von Diazomethan auf β-Arylhydroxylamine" [On the effect of diazomethane on β-arylhydroxylamine]. Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin. 33: 955–959. doi:10.1002/cber.190003301166.
Bamberger, Eugen; Tschirner, Friedrich (1900). "Ueber die Einwirkung von Diazomethan auf β-Arylhydroxylamine" [On the effect of diazomethane on β-arylhydroxylamine]. Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin. 33: 955–959. doi:10.1002/cber.190003301166. [page 956]: Eine theilweise – übrigens immer nur minimale – Umwandlung des Diazomethans in Stickstoff und Polymethylen vollzieht sich auch bei ganz andersartigen Reactionen; ... [A partial – incidentally, always only minimal – conversion of diazomethane into nitrogen and polymethylene takes place also during quite different reactions; ...]
Hoff, Ray; Mathers, Robert T. (2010). "Chapter 10. Review of Phillips Chromium Catalyst for Ethylene Polymerization". In Hoff, Ray; Mathers, Robert T. (eds.). Handbook of Transition Metal Polymerization Catalysts. John Wiley & Sons. doi:10.1002/9780470504437.ch10. ISBN 978-0-470-13798-7.
Kurtz, Steven M. (2015). UHMWPE Biomaterials Handbook. Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene in Total Joint Replacement and Medical Devices (3rd ed.). Elsevier. p. 3. doi:10.1016/C2013-0-16083-7. ISBN 9780323354356.
Kevin Wyss; et al. (11 September 2023). "Synthesis of Clean Hydrogen Gas from Waste Plastic at Zero Net Cost". Advanced Materials. doi:10.1002/adma.202306763.
Tournier, Vincent; Duquesne, Sophie; Guillamot, Frédérique; Cramail, Henri; Taton, Daniel; Marty, Alain; André, Isabelle (2023). "Enzymes' Power for Plastics Degradation" (PDF). Chemical Reviews. 123 (9): 5612–5701. doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00644. PMID 36916764.
Yang, Jun; Yang, Yu; Wu, Wei-Min; Zhao, Jiao; Jiang, Lei (2014). "Evidence of Polyethylene Biodegradation by Bacterial Strains from the Guts of Plastic-Eating Waxworms". Environmental Science & Technology. 48 (23): 13776–84. Bibcode:2014EnST...4813776Y. doi:10.1021/es504038a. PMID 25384056.
Cassone, Bryan J.; Grove, Harald C.; Elebute, Oluwadara; Villanueva, Sachi M. P.; LeMoine, Christophe M. R. (11 March 2020). "Role of the intestinal microbiome in low-density polyethylene degradation by caterpillar larvae of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 287 (1922): 20200112. doi:10.1098/rspb.2020.0112. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 7126078. PMID 32126962.
Sanluis-Verdes, A.; Colomer-Vidal, P.; Rodriguez-Ventura, F.; Bello-Villarino, M.; Spinola-Amilibia, M.; Ruiz-Lopez, E.; Illanes-Vicioso, R.; Castroviejo, P.; Aiese Cigliano, R.; Montoya, M.; Falabella, P.; Pesquera, C.; Gonzalez-Legarreta, L.; Arias-Palomo, E.; Solà, M. (4 October 2022). "Wax worm saliva and the enzymes therein are the key to polyethylene degradation by Galleria mellonella". Nature Communications. 13 (1): 5568. Bibcode:2022NatCo..13.5568S. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33127-w. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 9532405. PMID 36195604.
Royer, Sarah-Jeanne; Ferrón, Sara; Wilson, Samuel T.; Karl, David M. (2018). "Production of methane and ethylene from plastic in the environment". PLOS ONE. 13 (8): e0200574. Bibcode:2018PLoSO..1300574R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0200574. PMC 6070199. PMID 30067755.
Whiteley, Kenneth S. (2011). "Polyethylene". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. doi:10.1002/14356007.a21_487.pub2. ISBN 978-3527306732.
Kahovec, J.; Fox, R. B.; Hatada, K. (2002). "Nomenclature of regular single-strand organic polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2002)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 74 (10): 1921. doi:10.1351/pac200274101921.

emerald.com

Hemakumara, G. P. T. S.; Madhusankha, T. G. Shamal (2023). "Challenges of Reducing Polythene and Plastic in Sri Lanka: A Case Study of Attanagalla Secretariat Division". Socially Responsible Plastic. Developments in Corporate Governance and Responsibility. 19: 59–73. doi:10.1108/S2043-052320230000019004. ISBN 978-1-80455-987-1.

fondriest.com

Balster, Lori (27 January 2015). "Discovery of plastic-eating bacteria may speed waste reduction". fondriest.com.

hal.science

Tournier, Vincent; Duquesne, Sophie; Guillamot, Frédérique; Cramail, Henri; Taton, Daniel; Marty, Alain; André, Isabelle (2023). "Enzymes' Power for Plastics Degradation" (PDF). Chemical Reviews. 123 (9): 5612–5701. doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00644. PMID 36916764.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Wapler, M. C.; Leupold, J.; Dragonu, I.; von Elverfeldt, D.; Zaitsev, M.; Wallrabe, U. (2014). "Magnetic properties of materials for MR engineering, micro-MR and beyond". JMR. 242: 233–242. arXiv:1403.4760. Bibcode:2014JMagR.242..233W. doi:10.1016/j.jmr.2014.02.005. PMID 24705364. S2CID 11545416.
Geyer, Roland; Jambeck, Jenna R.; Law, Kara Lavender (1 July 2017). "Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made". Science Advances. 3 (7): e1700782. Bibcode:2017SciA....3E0782G. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1700782. PMC 5517107. PMID 28776036.
Yao, Zhuang; Jeong Seong, Hyeon; Jang, Yu-Sin (2022). "Environmental toxicity and decomposition of polyethylene". Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 242: 1, 3. Bibcode:2022EcoES.24213933Y. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113933. PMID 35930840.
Yang, Jun; Yang, Yu; Wu, Wei-Min; Zhao, Jiao; Jiang, Lei (2014). "Evidence of Polyethylene Biodegradation by Bacterial Strains from the Guts of Plastic-Eating Waxworms". Environmental Science & Technology. 48 (23): 13776–84. Bibcode:2014EnST...4813776Y. doi:10.1021/es504038a. PMID 25384056.
Sanluis-Verdes, A.; Colomer-Vidal, P.; Rodriguez-Ventura, F.; Bello-Villarino, M.; Spinola-Amilibia, M.; Ruiz-Lopez, E.; Illanes-Vicioso, R.; Castroviejo, P.; Aiese Cigliano, R.; Montoya, M.; Falabella, P.; Pesquera, C.; Gonzalez-Legarreta, L.; Arias-Palomo, E.; Solà, M. (4 October 2022). "Wax worm saliva and the enzymes therein are the key to polyethylene degradation by Galleria mellonella". Nature Communications. 13 (1): 5568. Bibcode:2022NatCo..13.5568S. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33127-w. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 9532405. PMID 36195604.
Royer, Sarah-Jeanne; Ferrón, Sara; Wilson, Samuel T.; Karl, David M. (2018). "Production of methane and ethylene from plastic in the environment". PLOS ONE. 13 (8): e0200574. Bibcode:2018PLoSO..1300574R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0200574. PMC 6070199. PMID 30067755.

iupac.org

Compendium of Polymer Terminology and Nomenclature – IUPAC Recommendations 2008 (PDF). Retrieved 28 August 2018.

old.iupac.org

"IUPAC Provisional Recommendations on the Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry". International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. 27 October 2004. Retrieved 20 February 2014.

japantimes.co.jp

Prideaux, Eric (3 November 2007). "Plastic incineration rise draws ire". The Japan Times. Archived from the original on 22 November 2012. Retrieved 8 May 2012.

kunststoffe.de

Baur, Erwin; Osswald, Tim A. (October 2013). Saechtling Kunststoff Taschenbuch. Hanser, Carl. p. 443. ISBN 978-3-446-43729-6. Vorschau auf kunststoffe.de

newscientist.com

Alex Wilkins (29 September 2023). "Waste plastic can be recycled into hydrogen fuel and graphene". New Scientist.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Wapler, M. C.; Leupold, J.; Dragonu, I.; von Elverfeldt, D.; Zaitsev, M.; Wallrabe, U. (2014). "Magnetic properties of materials for MR engineering, micro-MR and beyond". JMR. 242: 233–242. arXiv:1403.4760. Bibcode:2014JMagR.242..233W. doi:10.1016/j.jmr.2014.02.005. PMID 24705364. S2CID 11545416.
Geyer, Roland; Jambeck, Jenna R.; Law, Kara Lavender (1 July 2017). "Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made". Science Advances. 3 (7): e1700782. Bibcode:2017SciA....3E0782G. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1700782. PMC 5517107. PMID 28776036.
Yao, Zhuang; Jeong Seong, Hyeon; Jang, Yu-Sin (2022). "Environmental toxicity and decomposition of polyethylene". Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 242: 1, 3. Bibcode:2022EcoES.24213933Y. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113933. PMID 35930840.
Tournier, Vincent; Duquesne, Sophie; Guillamot, Frédérique; Cramail, Henri; Taton, Daniel; Marty, Alain; André, Isabelle (2023). "Enzymes' Power for Plastics Degradation" (PDF). Chemical Reviews. 123 (9): 5612–5701. doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00644. PMID 36916764.
Yang, Jun; Yang, Yu; Wu, Wei-Min; Zhao, Jiao; Jiang, Lei (2014). "Evidence of Polyethylene Biodegradation by Bacterial Strains from the Guts of Plastic-Eating Waxworms". Environmental Science & Technology. 48 (23): 13776–84. Bibcode:2014EnST...4813776Y. doi:10.1021/es504038a. PMID 25384056.
Cassone, Bryan J.; Grove, Harald C.; Elebute, Oluwadara; Villanueva, Sachi M. P.; LeMoine, Christophe M. R. (11 March 2020). "Role of the intestinal microbiome in low-density polyethylene degradation by caterpillar larvae of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 287 (1922): 20200112. doi:10.1098/rspb.2020.0112. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 7126078. PMID 32126962.
Sanluis-Verdes, A.; Colomer-Vidal, P.; Rodriguez-Ventura, F.; Bello-Villarino, M.; Spinola-Amilibia, M.; Ruiz-Lopez, E.; Illanes-Vicioso, R.; Castroviejo, P.; Aiese Cigliano, R.; Montoya, M.; Falabella, P.; Pesquera, C.; Gonzalez-Legarreta, L.; Arias-Palomo, E.; Solà, M. (4 October 2022). "Wax worm saliva and the enzymes therein are the key to polyethylene degradation by Galleria mellonella". Nature Communications. 13 (1): 5568. Bibcode:2022NatCo..13.5568S. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33127-w. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 9532405. PMID 36195604.
Royer, Sarah-Jeanne; Ferrón, Sara; Wilson, Samuel T.; Karl, David M. (2018). "Production of methane and ethylene from plastic in the environment". PLOS ONE. 13 (8): e0200574. Bibcode:2018PLoSO..1300574R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0200574. PMC 6070199. PMID 30067755.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Geyer, Roland; Jambeck, Jenna R.; Law, Kara Lavender (1 July 2017). "Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made". Science Advances. 3 (7): e1700782. Bibcode:2017SciA....3E0782G. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1700782. PMC 5517107. PMID 28776036.
Cassone, Bryan J.; Grove, Harald C.; Elebute, Oluwadara; Villanueva, Sachi M. P.; LeMoine, Christophe M. R. (11 March 2020). "Role of the intestinal microbiome in low-density polyethylene degradation by caterpillar larvae of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 287 (1922): 20200112. doi:10.1098/rspb.2020.0112. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 7126078. PMID 32126962.
Sanluis-Verdes, A.; Colomer-Vidal, P.; Rodriguez-Ventura, F.; Bello-Villarino, M.; Spinola-Amilibia, M.; Ruiz-Lopez, E.; Illanes-Vicioso, R.; Castroviejo, P.; Aiese Cigliano, R.; Montoya, M.; Falabella, P.; Pesquera, C.; Gonzalez-Legarreta, L.; Arias-Palomo, E.; Solà, M. (4 October 2022). "Wax worm saliva and the enzymes therein are the key to polyethylene degradation by Galleria mellonella". Nature Communications. 13 (1): 5568. Bibcode:2022NatCo..13.5568S. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33127-w. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 9532405. PMID 36195604.
Royer, Sarah-Jeanne; Ferrón, Sara; Wilson, Samuel T.; Karl, David M. (2018). "Production of methane and ethylene from plastic in the environment". PLOS ONE. 13 (8): e0200574. Bibcode:2018PLoSO..1300574R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0200574. PMC 6070199. PMID 30067755.

nist.gov

nvlpubs.nist.gov

Paul L. Splitstone and Walter H. Johnson (20 May 1974). "The Enthalpies of Combustion and Formation of Linear Polyethylene" (PDF). Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards.

plasticseurope.org

"Plastics: The Facts" (PDF). Plastics Europe. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 February 2018. Retrieved 29 August 2018.

professionalplastics.com

"Electrical Properties of Plastic Materials" (PDF). professionalplastics.com. Professional Plastics. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 September 2022. Retrieved 11 October 2022.

ptonline.com

Sepe, Michael (8 April 2024). "Understanding the 'Science' of Color". Plastics Technology. Retrieved 25 April 2024.

researchgate.net

Victor Ostrovskii et al. Ethylene Polymerization Heat (abstract) in Doklady Chemistry 184(1):103–104. January 1969.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Wapler, M. C.; Leupold, J.; Dragonu, I.; von Elverfeldt, D.; Zaitsev, M.; Wallrabe, U. (2014). "Magnetic properties of materials for MR engineering, micro-MR and beyond". JMR. 242: 233–242. arXiv:1403.4760. Bibcode:2014JMagR.242..233W. doi:10.1016/j.jmr.2014.02.005. PMID 24705364. S2CID 11545416.

slideshare.net

Batra, Kamal (2014). Role of Additives in Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) Films. p. 9. Retrieved 16 September 2014.

spiegel.de

"Forscherin entdeckt zufällig Plastik-fressende Raupe". Der Spiegel (in German). 24 April 2017. Retrieved 24 April 2017.

thisischeshire.co.uk

archive.thisischeshire.co.uk

"Winnington history in the making". This is Cheshire. 23 August 2006. Archived from the original on 21 January 2010. Retrieved 20 February 2014.

web.archive.org

"Plastics: The Facts" (PDF). Plastics Europe. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 February 2018. Retrieved 29 August 2018.
"Winnington history in the making". This is Cheshire. 23 August 2006. Archived from the original on 21 January 2010. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
"Electrical Properties of Plastic Materials" (PDF). professionalplastics.com. Professional Plastics. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 September 2022. Retrieved 11 October 2022.
Prideaux, Eric (3 November 2007). "Plastic incineration rise draws ire". The Japan Times. Archived from the original on 22 November 2012. Retrieved 8 May 2012.
"CanadaWorld – WCI student isolates microbe that lunches on plastic bags". The Record.com. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
"Braskem & Toyota Tsusho start joint marketing activities for green polyethylene from sugar cane" (Press release). yourindustrynews.com. 26 September 2008. Archived from the original on 21 May 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2014.

woohooreport.com

"CanadaWorld – WCI student isolates microbe that lunches on plastic bags". The Record.com. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 20 February 2014.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Cassone, Bryan J.; Grove, Harald C.; Elebute, Oluwadara; Villanueva, Sachi M. P.; LeMoine, Christophe M. R. (11 March 2020). "Role of the intestinal microbiome in low-density polyethylene degradation by caterpillar larvae of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 287 (1922): 20200112. doi:10.1098/rspb.2020.0112. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 7126078. PMID 32126962.
Sanluis-Verdes, A.; Colomer-Vidal, P.; Rodriguez-Ventura, F.; Bello-Villarino, M.; Spinola-Amilibia, M.; Ruiz-Lopez, E.; Illanes-Vicioso, R.; Castroviejo, P.; Aiese Cigliano, R.; Montoya, M.; Falabella, P.; Pesquera, C.; Gonzalez-Legarreta, L.; Arias-Palomo, E.; Solà, M. (4 October 2022). "Wax worm saliva and the enzymes therein are the key to polyethylene degradation by Galleria mellonella". Nature Communications. 13 (1): 5568. Bibcode:2022NatCo..13.5568S. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33127-w. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 9532405. PMID 36195604.

yourindustrynews.com

"Braskem & Toyota Tsusho start joint marketing activities for green polyethylene from sugar cane" (Press release). yourindustrynews.com. 26 September 2008. Archived from the original on 21 May 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2014.