Prisoner of war (English Wikipedia)

John Hickman (2002). "What is a Prisoner of War For". Scientia Militaria. 36 (2). Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 14 September 2015.

alesandrudutu.wordpress.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Duțu, Alesandru (25 November 2015). "Prizonieri de război sovietici în România (1941–1944)" (in Romanian).
Duțu, Alesandru (2 August 2015). "1943 – 1944. Prizonieri de război americani și englezi în România" (in Romanian).

anneapplebaum.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Anne Applebaum Gulag: A History, Doubleday, April 2003, ISBN 0-7679-0056-1; p. 431.Introduction online Archived 13 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine)

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"Le porte della Memoria". Archived from the original on 6 April 2023. Retrieved 12 November 2006.

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Davies, Norman (1996). Europe: A History. Oxford University Press. p. 362. ISBN 0-19-520912-5.
Nigosian, S. A. (2004). Islam. Its History, Teaching, and Practices. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. p. 115.
Michael Burleigh (2000). The Third Reich – A New History. New York: Hill and Wang. pp. 512–513. ISBN 978-0-8090-9325-0.

army.mil (Global: 249^th place; English: 169^th place)

history.army.mil

George G. Lewis; John Mehwa (1982). "History of Prisoner of War Utilization by the United States Army 1776–1945" (PDF). Center of Military History, United States Army. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2020.

auditorium.ru (Global: low place; English: low place)

POW in the USSR 1939–1956: Documents and Materials Archived 2 November 2007 at the Wayback Machine Moscow Logos Publishers (2000) (Военнопленные в СССР. 1939–1956: Документы и материалы Науч.-исслед. ин-т проблем экон. истории ХХ века и др.; Под ред. М.М. Загорулько. – М.: Логос, 2000. – 1118 с.: ил.) ISBN 5-88439-093-9

b24.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Death March from Stalag Luft 4 during WWII". www.b24.net. Archived from the original on 5 July 2017. Retrieved 26 October 2019.

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"Cartel for the Exchange of Prisoners of War". American Battlefield Trust. Retrieved 7 July 2025.

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; English: 10^th place)

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Japanese POW group says files on over 500,000 held in Moscow , BBC News, 7 March 1998
Thorpe, Nick. Hungarian POW identified . BBC News, 17 September 2000. Accessed 11 December 2016

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Crone, Patricia (2004). God's Rule: Government and Islam. Columbia University Press. pp. 371–372. ISBN 978-0231132909.
Haywood, Anthony (2 May 2012) [1981]. Siberia: A Cultural History. Landscapes of the imagination (revised ed.). Andrews UK Limited. ISBN 9781908493378. Retrieved 26 January 2025. The Treasury [in Tobolsk] [...] built in 1714-17 [...] is also known as the Swedish Chamber, because it was largely the work of Swedish prisoners of war who had been captured during the Battle of Poltava in 1709, a victory in Russia's war against Sweden (1700–21) that gave Russia dominance of the Baltic Sea. Their arrival had added a new layer to Tobolsk's colourful ethic make-up.
Roger Pickenpaugh (2013). Captives in Blue: The Civil War Prisons of the Confederacy. University of Alabama Press. pp. 57–73. ISBN 978-0817317836.
"Disobedience and Conspiracy in the German Army, 1918–1945 Archived 25 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine". Robert B. Kane, Peter Loewenberg (2008). McFarland. p. 240. ISBN 0-7864-3744-8
Miller, Donald L. (2008). D-Days in the Pacific. Simon and Schuster. p. 317. ISBN 978-1439128817.^{[permanent dead link]}
"Livre noir du Communisme: crimes, terreur, répression Archived 25 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine". Stéphane Courtois, Mark Kramer (1999). Harvard University Press. p. 209. ISBN 0-674-07608-7
Inge Weber-Newth; Johannes-Dieter Steinert (2006). "Chapter 2: Immigration policy—immigrant policy". German migrants in post-war Britain: an enemy embrace. Routledge. pp. 24–30. ISBN 978-0-7146-5657-1. Retrieved 15 December 2009. Views in the Media were mirrored in the House of commons, where the arguments were characterized by a series of questions, the substance of which were always the same. Here too the talk was often of slave labour, and this debate was not laid to rest until the government announced its strategy.
Trap Door to the Dark Side Archived 25 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine. William C. Jeffries (2006). p. 388. ISBN 1-4259-5120-1

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Penrose, Mary Margaret. "War Crime". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 6 April 2014.

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"International Humanitarian Law – State Parties / Signatories". Cicr.org. Archived from the original on 5 February 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2012.

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"Photos document brutality in Shanghai". CNN. 23 September 1996. Archived from the original on 6 April 2023. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
CNN Archived 14 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine 23 September 1996 image 2
CNN Archived 14 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine 23 September 1996 image 3

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"An excellent reference for Japan and the treatment of US Airmen Pows is Toru Fukubayashi, "Allied Aircraft and Airmen Lost over Japanese Mainland" 20 May 2007. (PDF File 20 pages)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2023.

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reader.digitale-sammlungen.de

Rochlitz (1822). "Collected Works vol 6" (in German). p. 305ff. Archived from the original on 27 February 2019 – via Munich Digitization Center.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Ferguson, Niall (2004), "Prisoner Taking and Prisoner Killing in the Age of Total War: Towards a Political Economy of Military Defeat", War in History, 11 (2): 148–192, doi:10.1191/0968344504wh291oa, S2CID 159610355, p. 186

dtic.mil (Global: 833^rd place; English: 567^th place)

"Department of Defense Instruction January 8, 2008 Incorporating Change 1, August 14, 2009" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 January 2014. Retrieved 28 July 2014.

etymonline.com (Global: 287^th place; English: 321^st place)

Compare Harper, Douglas. "prisoner". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved 10 October 2021. – "Captives taken in war have been called prisoners since mid-14c.; phrase prisoner of war dates from 1630s".

fff.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Repatriation – The Dark Side of World War II". Fff.org. Archived from the original on 17 January 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2012.

ghostarchive.org (Global: 32^nd place; English: 21^st place)

Harner, Michael (April 1977). "The Enigma of Aztec Sacrifice". Natural History. Latinamericanstudies.org. pp. 46–51. Archived from the original on 19 May 2023. Retrieved 6 April 2010.
"Story of an idea- the Film". International Committee of the Red Cross. 5 May 2008. Archived from the original on 29 October 2021. Retrieved 6 April 2014.

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"Guests of the Third Reich". guestsofthethirdreich.org. Archived from the original on 7 April 2023. Retrieved 26 October 2020.

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"The Practical Guide to Humanitarian Law: Protected Persons". Doctors Without Borders.

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See, for example, Joseph Robert White, 2006, "Flint Whitlock. Given Up for Dead: American GIs in the Nazi Concentration Camp at Berga" Archived 11 June 2007 at the Wayback Machine (book review)

hillsdale.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Forced Repatriation to the Soviet Union: The Secret Betrayal". Hillsdale.edu. Archived from the original on 7 February 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2012.

historia.ro (Global: 9,770^th place; English: low place)

Armă, Alexandru. "Prizonierii americani în "colivia de aur" de la Timișu de Jos" (in Romanian). Retrieved 29 March 2024.

historicengland.org.uk (Global: 816^th place; English: 461^st place)

Historic England. "Site of the Norman Cross Depot for Prisoners of War (1006782)". National Heritage List for England. Archived from the original on 5 April 2023.

historycooperative.org (Global: low place; English: 8,649^th place)

James J. Weingartner, "Americans, Germans, and War Crimes: Converging Narratives from "the Good War" the Journal of American History, Vol. 94, No. 4. March 2008 Archived 14 November 2010 at the Wayback Machine

historynet.com (Global: 2,172^nd place; English: 1,368^th place)

"Soviet Prisoners of War: Forgotten Nazi Victims of World War II". Historynet.com. Archived from the original on 30 March 2008. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
Rees, Simon. "German POWs and the Art of Survival". Historynet.com. Archived from the original on 19 December 2007. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
Battle of Saipan Archived 3 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine, historynet.com

hungarianhistory.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Tarczai, Bela. "Hungarian Prisoners-of-War In French Captivity 1945–1947" (PDF). www.hungarianhistory.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 March 2005.

iar80flyagain.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Operatiunea Reunion (I)". iar80flyagain.org (in Romanian). 28 October 2022.

icrc.org (Global: 2,421^st place; English: 2,218^th place)

"Search results – Resource centre". International Committee of the Red Cross. 3 October 2013. Archived from the original on 19 July 2010. Retrieved 9 April 2010.
"International Humanitarian Law – State Parties / Signatories". Icrc.org. 27 July 1929. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
"Part VIII: Execution of the convention #Section I: General provisions". Retrieved 29 November 2007.
Staff. ICRC in WW II: German prisoners of war in Allied hands Archived 26 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine, 2 February 2005

independent.co.uk (Global: 36^th place; English: 33^rd place)

McCarthy, Terry (12 August 1992). "Japanese troops ate flesh of enemies and civilians". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 12 May 2023.

jafi.org.il (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Ben Aharon Yitzhak". Jafi.org.il. Archived from the original on 18 March 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2012.

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muse.jhu.edu

"Samurai, Warfare and the State in Early Medieval Japan" Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, The Journal of Japanese Studies.

kpows.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Chinese operated three types of POW camps for Americans during the Korean War". April 1997. Archived from the original on 19 April 2023. Retrieved 30 March 2013.

latimes.com (Global: 22^nd place; English: 19^th place)

Burns, Robert (29 August 1993). "Were Korean War POWs Sent to U.S.S.R? New Evidence Surfaces: Probe: Former Marine corporal spent 33 months as a prisoner and was interrogated by Soviet agents who thought he was a pilot". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 9 April 2023.

latinamericanstudies.org (Global: 7,993^rd place; English: 6,741^st place)

Harner, Michael (April 1977). "The Enigma of Aztec Sacrifice". Natural History. Latinamericanstudies.org. pp. 46–51. Archived from the original on 19 May 2023. Retrieved 6 April 2010.

leipzig-lese.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Die Aufzeichnungen des Totengräbers Ahlemann 1813". leipzig-lese.de (in German). Archived from the original on 7 April 2023. Retrieved 21 April 2022.

liv.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

repository.liv.ac.uk

Wickham, Jason (2014) The Enslavement of War Captives by the Romans up to 146 BC, University of Liverpool PhD Dissertation. "The Enslavement of War Captives by the Romans to 146 BC" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 May 2015. Retrieved 24 May 2015. Wickham 2014 notes that for Roman warfare the outcome of capture could lead to release, ransom, execution or enslavement.

msn.com (Global: 117^th place; English: 145^th place)

sankei.jp.msn.com

"シベリア抑留、露に７６万人分の資料軍事公文書館でカード発見". Sankeishinbun. 24 July 2009. Archived from the original on 26 July 2009. Retrieved 21 September 2009.

nationalalliance.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

pp 26–33 Transfer of U.S. Korean War POWs To the Soviet Union. Nationalalliance.org. Retrieved on 24 May 2014. Archived 14 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine

nationalarchives.gov.uk (Global: 744^th place; English: 547^th place)

British National Archives, "The Mesopotamia campaign", at [1] Archived 10 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine;

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"Pride and Peril: Jewish American POWs in Europe". The National WWII Museum. 26 May 2021. Archived from the original on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 21 April 2022.

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"Church Fathers: Church History, Book VII (Socrates Scholasticus)". www.newadvent.org. Archived from the original on 11 May 2023. Retrieved 19 October 2015.

nhk.or.jp (Global: 145^th place; English: 1,388^th place)

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Tsuyoshi, Masuda. "Forgotten tragedy of Italian war detainees". nhk.or.jp. NHK World. Archived from the original on 6 April 2023. Retrieved 30 June 2020.

npr.org (Global: 92^nd place; English: 72^nd place)

Inskeep, Steve (30 May 2005). "'Soldiers and Slaves' Details Saga of Jewish POWs". NPR. p. 1. Retrieved 10 January 2023.

nps.gov (Global: 135^th place; English: 105^th place)

home.nps.gov

"Myth: General Ulysses S. Grant stopped the prisoner exchange, and is thus responsible for all of the suffering in Civil War prisons on both sides – Andersonville National Historic Site". U.S. National Park Service. 18 July 2014. Archived from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 28 July 2014.

nps.gov

"Andersonville: Prisoner of War Camp-Reading 1". U.S. National Park Service. Archived from the original on 21 August 2013. Retrieved 28 November 2008.

nwhp.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Eisenberg, Bonnie; Ruthsdotter, Mary (1998). "History of the Women's Rights Movement". www.nwhp.org. Archived from the original on 12 July 2018.

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Thanh, Ngo Ba; Luce, Don. "In South Vietnamese Jails". NY Books. Archived from the original on 9 April 2023. Retrieved 30 November 2009.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

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Schmitt, Eric (19 February 1991). "War in the Gulf: P.O.W.'s; U.S. Says Prisoners Seem War-Weary". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 7 April 2023.
Butler, Desmond (17 December 2001). "Ex-Death Camp Tells Story of Nazi and Soviet Horrors". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 28 March 2023.
Nazila Fathi (14 March 2003). "Threats and Responses: Briefly Noted; Iran-Iraq Prisoner Deal". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 26 December 2022. Retrieved 14 April 2012.

nytimes.com

"375,000 Austrians Have Died in Siberia; Remaining 125,000 War Prisoner... — Article preview". The New York Times. 8 April 2012. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
Butler, Desmond (17 December 2001). "Ex-Death Camp Tells Story of Nazi and Soviet Horrors". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 28 March 2023. Retrieved 30 December 2013.

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"Ukraine / Russia: Prisoners of war". OHCHR. Archived from the original on 31 December 2022. Retrieved 9 April 2023.

pbs.org (Global: 198^th place; English: 154^th place)

Japanese Atrocities in the Philippines Archived 27 July 2003 at the Wayback Machine". Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)
"The Legacy of Nuremberg", PBS. [2].
"war story: Rhonda Cornum". Frontline. PBS. Archived from the original on 6 April 2023. Retrieved 24 June 2009.

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"Geneva Convention". Peace Pledge Union. Archived from the original on 21 August 2007. Retrieved 6 April 2014.

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Paul M. Cole (1994) POW/MIA Issues: Volume 2, World War II and the Early Cold War Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine National Defense Research Institute. RAND Corporation, p. 28 Retrieved 18 July 2012

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"The Queen and technology". Royal.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 9 May 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2012.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Ferguson, Niall (2004), "Prisoner Taking and Prisoner Killing in the Age of Total War: Towards a Political Economy of Military Defeat", War in History, 11 (2): 148–192, doi:10.1191/0968344504wh291oa, S2CID 159610355, p. 186

slate.com (Global: 259^th place; English: 188^th place)

Richard Wightman Fox (7 January 2008). "National Life After Death". Slate. Archived from the original on 15 June 2013. Retrieved 10 December 2012.

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"Kriegsgefangene: Viele kamen nicht zurück". Stern.de – Politik. 6 February 2012. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 14 April 2012.

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USSR Archived 7 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Taskforceomegainc.org (17 September 1996). Retrieved on 24 May 2014.

telegraph.co.uk (Global: 30^th place; English: 24^th place)

American troops 'murdered Japanese PoWs' Archived 19 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine, "American and Australian soldiers massacred Japanese prisoners of war" according to The Faraway War by Prof Richard Aldrich of Nottingham University. From the diaries of Charles Lindberg: as told by a US officer, "Oh, we could take more if we wanted to", one of the officers replied. "But our boys don't like to take prisoners." "It doesn't encourage the rest to surrender when they hear of their buddies being marched out on the flying field and machine-guns turned loose on them." On Australian soldiers attitudes Eddie Stanton is quoted: "Japanese are still being shot all over the place", "The necessity for capturing them has ceased to worry anyone. Nippo soldiers are just so much machine-gun practice. Too many of our soldiers are tied up guarding them."

tellur.ru (Global: low place; English: low place)

gpw.tellur.ru

"Report at the session of the Russian association of WWII historians in 1998". Gpw.tellur.ru. Archived from the original on 20 March 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2012.

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Cobain, Ian (12 November 2005). "The secrets of the London Cage". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 17 January 2009.
McKernan, Bethan; Graham-Harrison, Emma; Kierszenbaum, Quique; Taha, Sufian (5 August 2024). "Palestinian prisoners describe systemic abuse in Israel's jails". The Guardian.

thewire.in (Global: 1,507^th place; English: 818^th place)

"The True Story of India's Decision to Release 93,000 Pakistani POWs After 1971 War". thewire.in. Retrieved 14 May 2024.

time.com (Global: 61^st place; English: 54^th place)

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Thompson, Mark (17 May 2012). "Pentagon: We Don't Call Them POWs Anymore". Time. Archived from the original on 8 April 2023. Retrieved 28 July 2014.

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"Ike's Revenge?". Time. 2 October 1989. Archived from the original on 10 March 2007. Retrieved 22 May 2010.

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Philpot, Robert (November 2019). "How Britain's German-born Jewish 'secret listeners' helped win World War II". The Times of Israel. Archived from the original on 7 April 2023.

uchicago.edu (Global: 230^th place; English: 214^th place)

penelope.uchicago.edu

"The Roman Gladiator" Archived 26 January 2020 at the Wayback Machine, The University of Chicago – "Originally, captured soldiers had been made to fight with their own weapons and in their particular style of combat. It was from these conscripted prisoners of war that the gladiators acquired their exotic appearance, a distinction being made between the weapons imagined to be used by defeated enemies and those of their Roman conquerors. The Samnites (a tribe from Campania which the Romans had fought in the fourth and third centuries BC) were the prototype for Rome's professional gladiators, and it was their equipment that first was used and later adopted for the arena. [...] Two other gladiatorial categories also took their name from defeated tribes, the Galli (Gauls) and Thraeces (Thracians)."

unhchr.ch (Global: 9,860^th place; English: low place)

UN Press Release Archived 29 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Commission on Human Rights, 56th session, 13 April 2000.

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"Falkland Islands: a gentleman's war". UPI. Archived from the original on 17 May 2022.

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Michael Hope. "Polish deportees in the Soviet Union". Wajszczuk.v.pl. Archived from the original on 16 February 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2012.

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"Central Asian world cities". Faculty.washington.edu. 29 September 2007. Archived from the original on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2012.

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Shaikh Azizur Rahman, "Two Chinese prisoners from '62 war repatriated Archived 28 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine", The Washington Times.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

John Hickman (2002). "What is a Prisoner of War For". Scientia Militaria. 36 (2). Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 14 September 2015.
Wickham, Jason (2014) The Enslavement of War Captives by the Romans up to 146 BC, University of Liverpool PhD Dissertation. "The Enslavement of War Captives by the Romans to 146 BC" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 May 2015. Retrieved 24 May 2015. Wickham 2014 notes that for Roman warfare the outcome of capture could lead to release, ransom, execution or enslavement.
"The Roman Gladiator" Archived 26 January 2020 at the Wayback Machine, The University of Chicago – "Originally, captured soldiers had been made to fight with their own weapons and in their particular style of combat. It was from these conscripted prisoners of war that the gladiators acquired their exotic appearance, a distinction being made between the weapons imagined to be used by defeated enemies and those of their Roman conquerors. The Samnites (a tribe from Campania which the Romans had fought in the fourth and third centuries BC) were the prototype for Rome's professional gladiators, and it was their equipment that first was used and later adopted for the arena. [...] Two other gladiatorial categories also took their name from defeated tribes, the Galli (Gauls) and Thraeces (Thracians)."
Eisenberg, Bonnie; Ruthsdotter, Mary (1998). "History of the Women's Rights Movement". www.nwhp.org. Archived from the original on 12 July 2018.
"Church Fathers: Church History, Book VII (Socrates Scholasticus)". www.newadvent.org. Archived from the original on 11 May 2023. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
"Samurai, Warfare and the State in Early Medieval Japan" Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, The Journal of Japanese Studies.
"Central Asian world cities". Faculty.washington.edu. 29 September 2007. Archived from the original on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
Historic England. "Site of the Norman Cross Depot for Prisoners of War (1006782)". National Heritage List for England. Archived from the original on 5 April 2023.
Rochlitz (1822). "Collected Works vol 6" (in German). p. 305ff. Archived from the original on 27 February 2019 – via Munich Digitization Center.
"Die Aufzeichnungen des Totengräbers Ahlemann 1813". leipzig-lese.de (in German). Archived from the original on 7 April 2023. Retrieved 21 April 2022.
"Myth: General Ulysses S. Grant stopped the prisoner exchange, and is thus responsible for all of the suffering in Civil War prisons on both sides – Andersonville National Historic Site". U.S. National Park Service. 18 July 2014. Archived from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
Richard Wightman Fox (7 January 2008). "National Life After Death". Slate. Archived from the original on 15 June 2013. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
"Andersonville: Prisoner of War Camp-Reading 1". U.S. National Park Service. Archived from the original on 21 August 2013. Retrieved 28 November 2008.
Hall, Yancey (1 July 2003). "US Civil War Prison Camps Claimed Thousands". National Geographic News.
"Geneva Convention". Peace Pledge Union. Archived from the original on 21 August 2007. Retrieved 6 April 2014.
Schmitt, Eric (19 February 1991). "War in the Gulf: P.O.W.'s; U.S. Says Prisoners Seem War-Weary". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 7 April 2023.
Thompson, Mark (17 May 2012). "Pentagon: We Don't Call Them POWs Anymore". Time. Archived from the original on 8 April 2023. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
"Department of Defense Instruction January 8, 2008 Incorporating Change 1, August 14, 2009" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 January 2014. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
"Disobedience and Conspiracy in the German Army, 1918–1945 Archived 25 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine". Robert B. Kane, Peter Loewenberg (2008). McFarland. p. 240. ISBN 0-7864-3744-8
"375,000 Austrians Have Died in Siberia; Remaining 125,000 War Prisoner... — Article preview". The New York Times. 8 April 2012. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
British National Archives, "The Mesopotamia campaign", at [1] Archived 10 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine;
The Postal History Society 1936–2011 – 75th anniversary display to the Royal Philatelic Society, London Archived 21 December 2016 at the Wayback Machine, p. 11
"The Queen and technology". Royal.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 9 May 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
"Search results – Resource centre". International Committee of the Red Cross. 3 October 2013. Archived from the original on 19 July 2010. Retrieved 9 April 2010.
McCarthy, Terry (12 August 1992). "Japanese troops ate flesh of enemies and civilians". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 12 May 2023.
"An excellent reference for Japan and the treatment of US Airmen Pows is Toru Fukubayashi, "Allied Aircraft and Airmen Lost over Japanese Mainland" 20 May 2007. (PDF File 20 pages)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2023.
Tsuyoshi, Masuda. "Forgotten tragedy of Italian war detainees". nhk.or.jp. NHK World. Archived from the original on 6 April 2023. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
Japanese Atrocities in the Philippines Archived 27 July 2003 at the Wayback Machine". Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)
"International Humanitarian Law – State Parties / Signatories". Cicr.org. Archived from the original on 5 February 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
"Pride and Peril: Jewish American POWs in Europe". The National WWII Museum. 26 May 2021. Archived from the original on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 21 April 2022.
"Ben Aharon Yitzhak". Jafi.org.il. Archived from the original on 18 March 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
See, for example, Joseph Robert White, 2006, "Flint Whitlock. Given Up for Dead: American GIs in the Nazi Concentration Camp at Berga" Archived 11 June 2007 at the Wayback Machine (book review)
See: Royal Canadian Air Force Association, "Allied Officers Deported to Buchenwald" and National Museum of the USAF, "Allied Victims of the Holocaust".
"Death March from Stalag Luft 4 during WWII". www.b24.net. Archived from the original on 5 July 2017. Retrieved 26 October 2019.
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