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Han, Kin-Lan; Robbins, Mark B.; Braun, Michael J. (1 May 2010). "A multi-gene estimate of phylogeny in the nightjars and nighthawks (Caprimulgidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 55 (2): 443–453. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.01.023. PMID20123032.
Jackson, Hd (September 2003). "A review of foraging and feeding behaviour, and associated anatomical adaptations, in Afrotropical nightjars". Ostrich. 74 (3–4): 187–204. doi:10.2989/00306520309485392. S2CID84495706.