Rwandan genocide (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Rwandan genocide" in English language version.

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  • McDoom, Omar Shahabudin (2020). "Contested Counting: Toward a Rigorous Estimate of the Death Toll in the Rwandan Genocide" (PDF). Journal of Genocide Research. 22 (1): 83–93. doi:10.1080/14623528.2019.1703252. S2CID 214032255. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 July 2021. Retrieved 6 July 2021. If one examines the claims for the overall number killed, at the higher end lies the figure of 1,074,017 Rwandan dead. This number originates with the Rwandan government which conducted a nationwide census in July 2000, six years after the genocide. Toward the lower end lies an estimate from Human Rights Watch, one of the first organizations on the ground to investigate the genocide, of 507,000 Tutsi killed... I have estimated between 491,000 and 522,000 Tutsi, nearly two thirds of Rwanda's pre-genocide Tutsi population, were killed between 6 April and 19 July 1994. I calculated this death toll by subtracting my estimate of between 278,000 and 309,000 Tutsi survivors from my estimate of a baseline Tutsi population of almost exactly 800,000, or 10.8% of the overall population, on the eve of the genocide... In comparison with estimates at the higher and lower ends, my estimate is significantly lower than the Government of Rwanda's genocide census figure of 1,006,031 Tutsi killed. I believe this number is not credible.

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  • "TWA". Minority Rights Group International. 19 June 2015. Archived from the original on 16 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.

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  • Meierhenrich, Jens (2020). "How Many Victims Were There in the Rwandan Genocide? A Statistical Debate". Journal of Genocide Research. 22 (1): 72–82. doi:10.1080/14623528.2019.1709611. S2CID 213046710. The lower bound for Tutsi deaths is 491,000 (McDoom), see page 75 mention
  • Meierhenrich, Jens (2020). "How Many Victims Were There in the Rwandan Genocide? A Statistical Debate". Journal of Genocide Research. 22 (1): 72–82. doi:10.1080/14623528.2019.1709611. S2CID 213046710. Despite the various methodological disagreements among them, none of the scholars who participated in this forum gives credence to the official figure of 1,074,107 victims... Given the rigour of the various quantitative methodologies involved, this forum's overarching finding that the death toll of 1994 is nowhere near the one-million-mark is – scientifically speaking – incontrovertible.
  • McDoom, Omar Shahabudin (2020). "Contested Counting: Toward a Rigorous Estimate of the Death Toll in the Rwandan Genocide" (PDF). Journal of Genocide Research. 22 (1): 83–93. doi:10.1080/14623528.2019.1703252. S2CID 214032255. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 July 2021. Retrieved 6 July 2021. If one examines the claims for the overall number killed, at the higher end lies the figure of 1,074,017 Rwandan dead. This number originates with the Rwandan government which conducted a nationwide census in July 2000, six years after the genocide. Toward the lower end lies an estimate from Human Rights Watch, one of the first organizations on the ground to investigate the genocide, of 507,000 Tutsi killed... I have estimated between 491,000 and 522,000 Tutsi, nearly two thirds of Rwanda's pre-genocide Tutsi population, were killed between 6 April and 19 July 1994. I calculated this death toll by subtracting my estimate of between 278,000 and 309,000 Tutsi survivors from my estimate of a baseline Tutsi population of almost exactly 800,000, or 10.8% of the overall population, on the eve of the genocide... In comparison with estimates at the higher and lower ends, my estimate is significantly lower than the Government of Rwanda's genocide census figure of 1,006,031 Tutsi killed. I believe this number is not credible.
  • Reydams, Luc (2020). "'More than a million': the politics of accounting for the dead of the Rwandan genocide". Review of African Political Economy. 48 (168): 235–256. doi:10.1080/03056244.2020.1796320. S2CID 225356374. The government eventually settled on 'more than a million', a claim which few outside Rwanda have taken seriously.
  • Guichaoua, André (2 January 2020). "Counting the Rwandan Victims of War and Genocide: Concluding Reflections". Journal of Genocide Research. 22 (1): 125–141. doi:10.1080/14623528.2019.1703329. ISSN 1462-3528. S2CID 213471539. Archived from the original on 17 February 2022. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  • Kamusella, Tomasz (19 July 2022). "Ethnicity and Estate: The Galician Jacquerie and the Rwandan Genocide Compared". Nationalities Papers. 50 (4): 684–703. doi:10.1017/nps.2021.12. hdl:10023/23154. S2CID 235573417. Archived from the original on 6 June 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2021 – via Cambridge University Press.
  • Fujii, Lee Ann (April 2007). "Jean Hatzfeld. Machete Season: The Killers in Rwanda Speak. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005/Picador, 2006. Translated by Linda Coverdale. Preface by Susan Sontag. xiv + 253 pp. Maps. Chronology of Events. Photograph. Index. $24.00. Cloth. $14.00. Paper". African Studies Review. 50 (1): 155–156. doi:10.1353/arw.2005.0101. S2CID 142781769.
  • Bibliography on ICTR, ICTY and IRMCT 2018. International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) Special Bibliography. 2018. doi:10.18356/59527281-en-fr. ISBN 978-92-1-047319-4. S2CID 239791188.[page needed]
  • Straus, Scott (December 2007). "What Is the Relationship between Hate Radio and Violence? Rethinking Rwanda's "Radio Machete"". Politics & Society. 35 (4): 609–637. doi:10.1177/0032329207308181. S2CID 154402375.
  • Danning, Gordon (2 October 2018). "Did Radio RTLM Really Contribute Meaningfully to the Rwandan Genocide?: Using Qualitative Information to Improve Causal Inference from Measures of Media Availability". Civil Wars. 20 (4): 529–554. doi:10.1080/13698249.2018.1525677. S2CID 150075267.
  • Reydams, Luc (2016). "NGO Justice: African Rights as Pseudo-Prosecutor of the Rwandan Genocide" (PDF). Human Rights Quarterly. 38 (3): 582. doi:10.1353/hrq.2016.0041. S2CID 151351680. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 February 2019. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  • James, Paul (2015). "Despite the Terrors of Typologies: The Importance of Understanding Categories of Difference and Identity". Interventions: International Journal of Postcolonial Studies. 17 (2): 174–95. doi:10.1080/1369801x.2014.993332. S2CID 142378403. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
  • Elbe 2002. Elbe, Stefan (2002). "HIV/AIDS and the Changing Landscape of War in Africa" (PDF). International Security. 27 (2): 159–77. doi:10.1162/016228802760987851. JSTOR 3092146. S2CID 57560544. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 October 2013.
  • Emizet, Kisangani N. F. (July 2000). "The Massacre of Refugees in Congo: A Case of UN Peacekeeping Failure and International Law". Journal of Modern African Studies. 38 (2): 163–202. doi:10.1017/S0022278X0000330X. JSTOR 161648. S2CID 154818651.
  • Sarkin 2001. Sarkin, Jeremy (2001). "The Tension between Justice and Reconciliation in Rwanda: Politics, Human Rights, Due Process, and the Role of the Gacaca Courts in Dealing with the Genocide". Journal of African Law. 45 (2): 143–72. doi:10.1017/s0221855301001675. JSTOR 3558953. S2CID 145601527.
  • Rettig 2008. Rettig, Max (2008). "Gacaca: Truth, Justice, and Reconciliation in Post-conflict in Rwanda?". African Studies Review. 51 (3): 25–50. doi:10.1353/arw.0.0091. JSTOR 27667378. S2CID 144438458.
  • Akhavan 1996. Akhavan, Payam (1996). "The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda: The Politics and Pragmatics of Punishment". American Journal of International Law. 90 (3): 501–10. doi:10.2307/2204076. JSTOR 2204076. S2CID 147317048.

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  • Drumbl 2012. Drumbl, Mark A. (2012). "'She makes me ashamed to be a woman': The Genocide Conviction of Pauline Nyiramasuhuko, 2011". Michigan Journal of International Law. 2013. SSRN 2155937.

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  • Sam Munderere (10 February 2014). "Come Together". Survivors Fund. Archived from the original on 13 July 2020. Retrieved 5 April 2019.

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