Warsaw Ghetto (English Wikipedia)

Grzesik, Julian (2011). Holocaust – Zagłada Żydów (1939–1945) [Holocaust – Destruction of the Jews (1939–1945)] (PDF). Lublin, 3rd edition, revised. pp. 43–44, 54. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 12, 2013 – via direct download.

academia.edu

Theater as Imperative in the Warsaw Ghetto: Artists and Audience in Jerzy Jurandot's FEMINA 1940–1942
Lenarczyk, Wojciech; Libionka, Dariusz (2009). "Obóz pracy dla Żydów w Trawnikach" (PDF / HTML). Erntefest 3–4 Listopada 1943 – Zapomniany Epizod Zagłady, Pp. 183–210. Państwowe Muzeum na Majdanku: 189–191. ISBN 978-83-925187-5-4. Transfer szopów Schultza z getta warszawskiego.

archive.org

Shapiro, Robert Moses (1999). Holocaust Chronicles. Published by KTAV Publishing. p. 35. ISBN 0-88125-630-7 – via Internet Archive, 302 pages. 300,000 Jews murdered by bullet or gas.^{[page 35]}
Berg, Mary; Pentlin, Susan Lee (2007) [1945]. The Diary of Mary Berg: Growing up in the Warsaw Ghetto. New York: L. B. Fischer Publishing / Oxford: Oneworld Publications (2nd ed). pp. 2–5, 38. ISBN 978-1851684724. Hardcover. Chapter I: Warsaw Besieged: ... the roads were jammed, and gradually we were completely engulfed in the slow but steady flow of humanity toward the capital. Mile after mile it was the same ... as tens of thousands of provincials entered Warsaw in the hope of finding shelter there.
Roland, Charles G. (1992). "Scenes of Hunger and Starvation". Courage Under Siege: Disease, Starvation and Death in the Warsaw Ghetto. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 99–104. ISBN 978-0-19-506285-4. Retrieved January 25, 2008.
Gutman, Israel (1994). Resistance : the Warsaw Ghetto uprising. Boston: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. pp. 87. ISBN 0395601991. OCLC 29548576.

badacz.org

izrael.badacz.org

Statistical data compiled on the basis of "Glossary of 2,077 Jewish towns in Poland" Archived February 8, 2016, at the Wayback Machine by Virtual Shtetl Museum of the History of the Polish Jews (in English), as well as "Getta Żydowskie" by Gedeon (in Polish) and "Ghetto List" by Michael Peters at ARC.

bho.pl

treblinka.bho.pl

Kopówka, Edward (February 4, 2010). The Memorial. Muzeum Walki i Męczeństwa w Treblince. Oddział Muzeum Regionalnego w Siedlcach [Museum of Struggle and Martyrdom at Treblinka. Division of the Regional Museum in Siedlce]. Archived from the original on October 19, 2013 – via Internet Archive. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

books.google.com

Though he succeeded in convincing a number of historians of the veracity of his story, according to new research by a Polish-Israeli team of historians, Iwanski's unit never entered the ghetto. See: Dariusz Libionka; Laurence Weinbaum (2011). Bohaterowie, hochsztaplerzy, opisywacze: wokół Żydowskiego Związku Wojskowego. Warsaw: Stowarzyszenie Centrum Badań nad Zagładą Żydów. ISBN 9788393220281. [also in] Joshua D. Zimmerman (2015). The Polish Underground and the Jews, 1939–1945. Cambridge University Press. p. 218. ISBN 978-1107014268.
Engelking & Leociak (2013), p. 71. Engelking, Barbara; Leociak, Jacek (2013) [2001]. Getto warszawskie. Przewodnik po nieistniejącym mieście. Warszawa: Stowarzyszenie Centrum Badań nad Zagładą Żydów. ISBN 978-83-63444-27-3.
Philpott, Colin (2016). Relics of the Reich: The Buildings The Nazis Left Behind. Pen and Sword. p. 122. ISBN 978-1473844254 – via Google Books.
Bains, Alisha (2016). World War II. Encyclopædia Britannica. pp. 190–200. ISBN 978-1680483529. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
Gutman, Israel (1998). Resistance: The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. pp. 118–119, 200. ISBN 0395901308.
Melzer, Emanuel (1997). No way out: the politics of Polish Jewry, 1935–1939. Hebrew Union College Press. pp. 131–144. ISBN 0878204180 – via Google Books, 235 pages.
Trunk, Isaiah (1972). Judenrat: The Jewish Councils in Eastern Europe Under Nazi Occupation. U of Nebraska Press. pp. 191, 475, 543–544. ISBN 080329428X. The Jewish police have learned how to hit, to enforce order, and to send people to the labor camps, and they are one of the contributing factors that keep people in line. — Emanuel Ringelblum ^[544]
Czerniaków, Adam; Fuks, Marian (1983). Adama Czerniakowa dziennik getta warszawskiego 6 IX 1939 – 23 VII 1942. Opracowanie i przypisy Marian Fuks. Warszawa 1983: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe. p. 101. ISBN 9788301030421 – via Google Books.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
McDonough, Frank (2008). The Holocaust. London: Macmillan International Higher Education. p. 41. ISBN 978-1-137-02048-2.
Sakowska, Ruta (1996). The Warsaw Ghetto 1940–1945. R. Nowicki. p. 7. ISBN 978-83-904639-1-9.
Levin, Itamar; Neiman, Rachel (2004). Walls Around: The Plunder of Warsaw Jewry During World War II and Its Aftermath. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 29. ISBN 0275976491.
Gutman, Yisrael (1989). The Jews of Warsaw, 1939–1943: Ghetto, Underground, Revolt. Indiana University Press. pp. 50, 98. ISBN 0253205115.
Dawidowicz, Lucy S. (1975). The war against the Jews 1933–1945. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. pp. 228–229. ISBN 9781453203064.
Dariusz Libionka (2005). "Antisemitism, Anti-Judaism, and the Polish Catholic Clergy during the Second World War, 1939–1945". In Robert Blobaum (ed.). Antisemitism and Its Opponents in Modern Poland. Cornell University Press. p. 256. ISBN 0801489695.
Laqueur, Walter; Baumel, Judith Tydor (2001). The Holocaust Encyclopedia. Yale University Press. pp. 260–262. ISBN 0300138113.
Farbstein, Esther (2007). Hidden in Thunder: Perspectives on faith, halachah and leadership during the Holocaust. Vol. 1. Feldheim Publishers. p. 31. ISBN 9789657265055. Friedman sought to inform world Jewry of the initial transports, he sent a telegram stating: 'Mr. Amos kept his promise from the fifth-third.' This is an allusion to Amos 5:3: 'The city that goes out a thousand strong will have a hundred left, and the one that goes out a hundred strong will have ten left to the House of Israel'.
Frydman, A. Zisha (1986) [1974]. Wellsprings of Torah. Judaica Press. pp. xii–xxiii. ISBN 0910818045 – via Google Books snippet.
Kurzman, Dan (2009). Tobbens Poniatow factories. Da Capo Press. p. 346. ISBN 978-0786748266. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
Powell, Lawrence N. (2000). Troubled Memory. Univ of North Carolina Press. p. 114. ISBN 0807825042.
Nicosia, Francis; Niewyk, Donald (2000). The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 232. ISBN 0231528787. The Jews of Poland were augmented by around 3,000 Slovakian and Austrian Jews (the camp elite) expelled to Poland beforehand, and housed separately from the rest.
Arad, Yitzhak (1987). Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indianapolis. pp. 97–99. ISBN 9780253342935.
Patt, Avinoam (2014). Henry, Patrick (ed.). Resistance in the Warsaw Ghetto. CUA Press. pp. 414–425. ISBN 978-0813225890 – via Google Books. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
Schoenberner, Gerhard (2004). The Yellow Star: The Persecution of the Jews in Europe, 1933–1945. Fordham Univ Press. pp. 204–205. ISBN 0823223906 – via Google Books. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

buffalo.edu

info-poland.buffalo.edu

Peter K. Gessner (2000). "Warsaw: Life and Death in the Ghetto during WWII". Polish Academic Information Center, University at Buffalo. Archived from the original on January 30, 2012. Retrieved December 12, 2016.

deathcamps.org

Statistical data compiled on the basis of "Glossary of 2,077 Jewish towns in Poland" Archived February 8, 2016, at the Wayback Machine by Virtual Shtetl Museum of the History of the Polish Jews (in English), as well as "Getta Żydowskie" by Gedeon (in Polish) and "Ghetto List" by Michael Peters at ARC.

diapozytyw.pl

Piotr M. A. Cywinski, ed. (2004). "Adam Czerniakow". Dia-pozytyw: People. Translated by Christina Manetti. Adam Mickiewicz Institute. Archived from the original on August 22, 2004.

doi.org

Though Apfelbaum is listed in many books and articles devoted to the revolt in the Warsaw Ghetto as one of the commanders of the Jewish Military Union (see: Arens, Moshe (January 2008). "The Development of the Narrative of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising". Israel Affairs. 14 (1): 6–28. doi:10.1080/13537120701705924. ISSN 1353-7121. S2CID 144134946.), and a square was named for him in Warsaw, historians Dariusz Libionka and Laurence Weinbaum have cast doubt about his existence.^[76]

echomatkibozejniepokalaniepoczetej.com

Kopówka & Rytel-Andrianik (2011), p. 94. Kopówka, Edward; Rytel-Andrianik, Paweł (2011). Treblinka II – Obóz zagłady [Monograph, chapt. 3: Treblinka II Death Camp] (PDF) (in Polish). Dam im imię na wieki [I will give them an everlasting name. Isaiah 56:5]. Drohiczyńskie Towarzystwo Naukowe [The Drohiczyn Scientific Society]. ISBN 978-83-7257-496-1. With list of Catholic rescuers of Jews from around Treblinka, selected testimonies, bibliography, alphabetical indexes, photographs, English language summaries, and forewords by Holocaust scholars. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 10, 2014. Retrieved February 9, 2014 – via direct download 20.2 MB.

fzp.net.pl

Robert Mielcarek (2016). "Book review". Rafał Chwiszczuk, Ulica Próżna i dzielnica żydowska w Warszawie, Warszawa: Austriackie Forum Kultury, 2013. Forum Żydów Polskich. Archived from the original on August 6, 2019. Retrieved December 11, 2016.

getto.pl

warszawa.getto.pl

"database search". Getto Warszawskie (in Polish). Centrum Badań nad Zagładą Żydów. Archived from the original on October 29, 2018. Retrieved December 19, 2016.

ghostarchive.org

Yad Vashem. "Treblinka Extermination Camp in the Generalgouvernement" (PDF). Aktion Reinhard. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022.
Gawryszewski, Andrzej (2009). Ludność Warszawy w XX wieku [Population of Warsaw in the 20th Century] (PDF). Warsaw: Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania PAN im. Stanisława Leszczyckiego. pp. 191, 193, 195, 202–203. ISBN 978-83-61590-96-5. ISSN 1643-2312. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022 – via direct download, 425 pages. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
Browning, Christopher (2005). "Before the "Final Solution": Nazi Ghettoization Policy in Poland (1940–1941)" (PDF). Ghettos 1939–1945. New Research and Perspectives on Definition, Daily Life, and Survival. Symposium Presentations, USHMM. 18 of 175 in PDF. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022.
Yad Vashem. "Auerswald, Heinz" (PDF). Shoah Resource Center, The International School for Holocaust Studies. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022 – via direct download. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) [Also in:] Browning, Christopher (2005). "Ghettos 1939–1945. New Research and Perspectives on Definition, Daily Life, and Survival" (PDF). Before the 'Final Solution'. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. PDF file, direct download. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022.

google.com

Chłodna Street. Warsaw: Google Maps. 2016. 52°14'13.0"N 20°59'18.0"E.

haaretz.com

Dariusz Libionka; Laurence Weinbaum (June 22, 2007). "A legendary commander". Haaretz.

hampshirehigh.com

Browning (1998), p. 41. Browning, Christopher R. (1998) [1992]. Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland (PDF). Penguin Books. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 19, 2013.
Browning (1998), "The August Deportations to Treblinka". pp. 88–96 (115–123 in PDF). Browning, Christopher R. (1998) [1992]. Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland (PDF). Penguin Books. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 19, 2013.

holocaustsurvivors.org

Menszer, John (2015). "Tobbens' Shop in the Warsaw ghetto". Background Information to Survivor Stories. Holocaust Survivors: Encyclopedia.

ipn.gov.pl

Dr. Marcin Urynowicz. "Gross Aktion – Zagłada Warszawskiego Getta" [Gross Aktion – Annihilation of the Warsaw Ghetto]. Biuletyn Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej, 7 /7 (2007) Pp. 105–114 (in Polish). Institute of National Remembrance (IPN). Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 11, 2016 – via direct download. Likwidacja getta warszawskiego wiosną 1943 r. oznaczała natychmiastową lub chwilowo odwleczoną śmierć ok. 50 tys. osób. Tymczasem Gross Aktion, tzw. Wielka Akcja, zakończyła się wysłaniem do obozu zagłady w Treblince ok. 250 tys. osób. Zatem to lato 1942 r., a nie wiosna 1943, było okresem faktycznej likwidacji społeczności warszawskich Żydów.

jcpa.org

Laurence Weinbaum, "Shaking the Dust Off" The Story of the Warsaw Ghetto's Forgotten Chronicler, Jewish Political Studies Review Vol. 22 No. 3-4 (Fall 2010).

jdc.org

archives.jdc.org

"In Memoriam: David Guzik". JDC Archives. Retrieved October 10, 2019.

jhi.pl

Kajczyk, Agnieszka (February 3, 2015). "The bridge over Chłodna Street". Jewish Historical Institute.
Marian Fuks (November 25, 2013). "Polyhymnia in the Warsaw Ghetto". Jewish Historical Institute. Archived from the original on August 21, 2020. Retrieved July 4, 2019.

johndclare.net

John D Clare (2014), The Warsaw Ghetto, 1940–43. Modern World History Topics.

korczak.com

Lifton, Betty Jean (2006). The King of Children: The Life and Death of Janusz Korczak. St. Martin's Griffin. 1st edition. ISBN 0-312-15560-3. Archived from the original on March 7, 2016. Retrieved February 24, 2024. [Also in:] "The Janusz Korczak Living Heritage Association". Stockholm, Sweden: The Florida Center for Instructional Technology. Archived from the original on March 9, 2015. Retrieved February 24, 2024.

memorialmuseums.org

Memorial Museums.org (2013). "Treblinka Museum of Struggle and Martyrdom". Remembrance. Uwe Neumärker (Director). Portal to European Sites of Remembrance.

newspapers.com

thenewsstar.newspapers.com

"Businessman Sol Rosenthal dies". The News-Star. Monroe, Louisiana. January 31, 2009. Retrieved December 12, 2019.

nizkor.org

Edelman, Marek (n.d.). "The Ghetto Fights". The Warsaw Ghetto: The 45th Anniversary of the Uprising. Interpress Publishers. pp. 17–39. via "The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, by Marek Edelman". Literature of the Holocaust.
[Also in:] Musiał, Bogdan (2004). "Treblinka — ein Todeslager der "Aktion Reinhard"". "Aktion Reinhardt": der Völkermord an den Juden im Generalgouvernement 1941–1944. Osnabrück. pp. 257–281. ISBN 978-3-929-75983-9.
[As well as:] "Operation Reinhard: Treblinka Deportations". The Nizkor Project. Archived from the original on September 23, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2016. [Source:] AZ-LG Dusseldorf: II 931638, p. 49 ff., and AZ-LG Dusseldorf, XI-148/69 S, pp. 111 ff.

pamiec.pl

Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Intelligenzaktion (PDF). Warsaw: Instytut Pamięci Narodowej Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu. pp. 46, 51–55, 88–89. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 10, 2019 – via direct download. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

rcin.org.pl

Gawryszewski, Andrzej (2009). Ludność Warszawy w XX wieku [Population of Warsaw in the 20th Century] (PDF). Warsaw: Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania PAN im. Stanisława Leszczyckiego. pp. 191, 193, 195, 202–203. ISBN 978-83-61590-96-5. ISSN 1643-2312. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022 – via direct download, 425 pages. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

remember.org

Roland, Charles G. (1992). "Scenes of Hunger and Starvation". Courage Under Siege: Disease, Starvation and Death in the Warsaw Ghetto. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 99–104. ISBN 978-0-19-506285-4. Retrieved January 25, 2008.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Though Apfelbaum is listed in many books and articles devoted to the revolt in the Warsaw Ghetto as one of the commanders of the Jewish Military Union (see: Arens, Moshe (January 2008). "The Development of the Narrative of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising". Israel Affairs. 14 (1): 6–28. doi:10.1080/13537120701705924. ISSN 1353-7121. S2CID 144134946.), and a square was named for him in Warsaw, historians Dariusz Libionka and Laurence Weinbaum have cast doubt about his existence.^[76]

spme.org

Seeman, Mary V. (August 25, 2013). "Review of Bohaterowie, Hochsztaplerzy, Opisywacze, Wokol Żydowskiego Związku Wojskowego". Heroes, Hucksters and Story-Tellers: On the Jewish Military Union in the Warsaw Ghetto. Scholars for Peace in the Middle East (SPME).

sztetl.org.pl

Statistical data compiled on the basis of "Glossary of 2,077 Jewish towns in Poland" Archived February 8, 2016, at the Wayback Machine by Virtual Shtetl Museum of the History of the Polish Jews (in English), as well as "Getta Żydowskie" by Gedeon (in Polish) and "Ghetto List" by Michael Peters at ARC.
Bielawski, Krzysztof; Dylewski, Adam; Kraus, Anna; Laskowska, Justyna. "Warszawa (part 7)". Virtual Shtetl. POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews. [Also in:] "The Warsaw Ghetto (part 2)". Translated by Magdalena Wójcik. Virtual Shtetl. Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
Bergman, Eleonora. Ludność żydowska w Warszawie [Jewish population of Warsaw]. Virtual Shtetl. Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 14, 2016. Nie masz bóżnicy powszechnej. Synagogi i domy modlitwy w Warszawie od końca XVIII do początku XXI wieku

theguardian.com

"Controversy over Adolf Hitler statue in Warsaw ghetto". The Guardian. December 28, 2012. Retrieved August 11, 2016.

upenn.edu

writing.upenn.edu

Edelman, Marek (n.d.). "The Ghetto Fights". The Warsaw Ghetto: The 45th Anniversary of the Uprising. Interpress Publishers. pp. 17–39. via "The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, by Marek Edelman". Literature of the Holocaust.
[Also in:] Musiał, Bogdan (2004). "Treblinka — ein Todeslager der "Aktion Reinhard"". "Aktion Reinhardt": der Völkermord an den Juden im Generalgouvernement 1941–1944. Osnabrück. pp. 257–281. ISBN 978-3-929-75983-9.
[As well as:] "Operation Reinhard: Treblinka Deportations". The Nizkor Project. Archived from the original on September 23, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2016. [Source:] AZ-LG Dusseldorf: II 931638, p. 49 ff., and AZ-LG Dusseldorf, XI-148/69 S, pp. 111 ff.

usf.edu

fcit.coedu.usf.edu

Lifton, Betty Jean (2006). The King of Children: The Life and Death of Janusz Korczak. St. Martin's Griffin. 1st edition. ISBN 0-312-15560-3. Archived from the original on March 7, 2016. Retrieved February 24, 2024. [Also in:] "The Janusz Korczak Living Heritage Association". Stockholm, Sweden: The Florida Center for Instructional Technology. Archived from the original on March 9, 2015. Retrieved February 24, 2024.

ushmm.org

Browning, Christopher (2005). "Before the "Final Solution": Nazi Ghettoization Policy in Poland (1940–1941)" (PDF). Ghettos 1939–1945. New Research and Perspectives on Definition, Daily Life, and Survival. Symposium Presentations, USHMM. 18 of 175 in PDF. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022.
Yad Vashem. "Auerswald, Heinz" (PDF). Shoah Resource Center, The International School for Holocaust Studies. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022 – via direct download. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) [Also in:] Browning, Christopher (2005). "Ghettos 1939–1945. New Research and Perspectives on Definition, Daily Life, and Survival" (PDF). Before the 'Final Solution'. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. PDF file, direct download. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022.
Holocaust Encyclopedia (June 10, 2013). "Treblinka: Chronology". United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Archived from the original on June 5, 2012. Deportations from Theresienstadt and Bulgarian-occupied territory among others.
Robert Moses Shapiro; Tadeusz Epsztein, eds. (2009). The Warsaw Ghetto Oyneg Shabes—Ringelblum Archive. Catalog and Guide. Introduction by Samuel D. Kassow. Indiana University Press in association with USHMM and the Jewish Historical Institute, Warsaw. ISBN 978-0-253-35327-6 – via Academic Publications of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. For years, Oyneg Shabbos had discreetly chronicled conditions and hid their photos, writings, and short films in improvised time capsules. In May 1942, the Germans began filming a propaganda movie titled "Das Ghetto" which was never completed. Footage is shown in the 2010 documentary called "A Film Unfinished" which concerns the making of "Das Ghetto" and correlates scenes from the film with descriptions of them that Czerniakow mentioned in his own diary.

encyclopedia.ushmm.org

Holocaust Encyclopedia (February 22, 2023). "Warsaw". United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
Holocaust Encyclopedia (April 17, 2023). "Warsaw Ghetto Uprising". United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.

warsaw-life.com

The Warsaw Ghetto. Local Life Warsaw, Guide.

warsawtour.pl

UMSW (2016). "Miejsca historyczne związane z ludnością żydowską w Warszawie" [Historic places connected to Jewish people of Warsaw]. Judaica. Urząd m.st. Warszawy (official website). Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 11, 2016.

web.archive.org

Dr. Marcin Urynowicz. "Gross Aktion – Zagłada Warszawskiego Getta" [Gross Aktion – Annihilation of the Warsaw Ghetto]. Biuletyn Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej, 7 /7 (2007) Pp. 105–114 (in Polish). Institute of National Remembrance (IPN). Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 11, 2016 – via direct download. Likwidacja getta warszawskiego wiosną 1943 r. oznaczała natychmiastową lub chwilowo odwleczoną śmierć ok. 50 tys. osób. Tymczasem Gross Aktion, tzw. Wielka Akcja, zakończyła się wysłaniem do obozu zagłady w Treblince ok. 250 tys. osób. Zatem to lato 1942 r., a nie wiosna 1943, było okresem faktycznej likwidacji społeczności warszawskich Żydów.
Statistical data compiled on the basis of "Glossary of 2,077 Jewish towns in Poland" Archived February 8, 2016, at the Wayback Machine by Virtual Shtetl Museum of the History of the Polish Jews (in English), as well as "Getta Żydowskie" by Gedeon (in Polish) and "Ghetto List" by Michael Peters at ARC.
Peter K. Gessner (2000). "Warsaw: Life and Death in the Ghetto during WWII". Polish Academic Information Center, University at Buffalo. Archived from the original on January 30, 2012. Retrieved December 12, 2016.
Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Intelligenzaktion (PDF). Warsaw: Instytut Pamięci Narodowej Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu. pp. 46, 51–55, 88–89. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 10, 2019 – via direct download. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
Bielawski, Krzysztof; Dylewski, Adam; Kraus, Anna; Laskowska, Justyna. "Warszawa (part 7)". Virtual Shtetl. POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews. [Also in:] "The Warsaw Ghetto (part 2)". Translated by Magdalena Wójcik. Virtual Shtetl. Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
Grzesik, Julian (2011). Holocaust – Zagłada Żydów (1939–1945) [Holocaust – Destruction of the Jews (1939–1945)] (PDF). Lublin, 3rd edition, revised. pp. 43–44, 54. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 12, 2013 – via direct download.
Bergman, Eleonora. Ludność żydowska w Warszawie [Jewish population of Warsaw]. Virtual Shtetl. Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 14, 2016. Nie masz bóżnicy powszechnej. Synagogi i domy modlitwy w Warszawie od końca XVIII do początku XXI wieku
Browning (1998), p. 41. Browning, Christopher R. (1998) [1992]. Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland (PDF). Penguin Books. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 19, 2013.
Piotr M. A. Cywinski, ed. (2004). "Adam Czerniakow". Dia-pozytyw: People. Translated by Christina Manetti. Adam Mickiewicz Institute. Archived from the original on August 22, 2004.
Marian Fuks (November 25, 2013). "Polyhymnia in the Warsaw Ghetto". Jewish Historical Institute. Archived from the original on August 21, 2020. Retrieved July 4, 2019.
"database search". Getto Warszawskie (in Polish). Centrum Badań nad Zagładą Żydów. Archived from the original on October 29, 2018. Retrieved December 19, 2016.
Browning (1998), "The August Deportations to Treblinka". pp. 88–96 (115–123 in PDF). Browning, Christopher R. (1998) [1992]. Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland (PDF). Penguin Books. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 19, 2013.
Kopówka, Edward (February 4, 2010). The Memorial. Muzeum Walki i Męczeństwa w Treblince. Oddział Muzeum Regionalnego w Siedlcach [Museum of Struggle and Martyrdom at Treblinka. Division of the Regional Museum in Siedlce]. Archived from the original on October 19, 2013 – via Internet Archive. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
Edelman, Marek (n.d.). "The Ghetto Fights". The Warsaw Ghetto: The 45th Anniversary of the Uprising. Interpress Publishers. pp. 17–39. via "The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, by Marek Edelman". Literature of the Holocaust.
[Also in:] Musiał, Bogdan (2004). "Treblinka — ein Todeslager der "Aktion Reinhard"". "Aktion Reinhardt": der Völkermord an den Juden im Generalgouvernement 1941–1944. Osnabrück. pp. 257–281. ISBN 978-3-929-75983-9.
[As well as:] "Operation Reinhard: Treblinka Deportations". The Nizkor Project. Archived from the original on September 23, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2016. [Source:] AZ-LG Dusseldorf: II 931638, p. 49 ff., and AZ-LG Dusseldorf, XI-148/69 S, pp. 111 ff.
Kopówka & Rytel-Andrianik (2011), p. 94. Kopówka, Edward; Rytel-Andrianik, Paweł (2011). Treblinka II – Obóz zagłady [Monograph, chapt. 3: Treblinka II Death Camp] (PDF) (in Polish). Dam im imię na wieki [I will give them an everlasting name. Isaiah 56:5]. Drohiczyńskie Towarzystwo Naukowe [The Drohiczyn Scientific Society]. ISBN 978-83-7257-496-1. With list of Catholic rescuers of Jews from around Treblinka, selected testimonies, bibliography, alphabetical indexes, photographs, English language summaries, and forewords by Holocaust scholars. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 10, 2014. Retrieved February 9, 2014 – via direct download 20.2 MB.
Lifton, Betty Jean (2006). The King of Children: The Life and Death of Janusz Korczak. St. Martin's Griffin. 1st edition. ISBN 0-312-15560-3. Archived from the original on March 7, 2016. Retrieved February 24, 2024. [Also in:] "The Janusz Korczak Living Heritage Association". Stockholm, Sweden: The Florida Center for Instructional Technology. Archived from the original on March 9, 2015. Retrieved February 24, 2024.
Holocaust Encyclopedia (June 10, 2013). "Treblinka: Chronology". United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Archived from the original on June 5, 2012. Deportations from Theresienstadt and Bulgarian-occupied territory among others.
Jürgen Stroop. "The Warsaw Ghetto Is No More". Nazi Conspriracy and Aggression Volume 3 – Document No. 1061-PS. The Avalon Project: Lillian Goldman Law Library. Archived from the original on November 26, 2010.
Robert Mielcarek (2016). "Book review". Rafał Chwiszczuk, Ulica Próżna i dzielnica żydowska w Warszawie, Warszawa: Austriackie Forum Kultury, 2013. Forum Żydów Polskich. Archived from the original on August 6, 2019. Retrieved December 11, 2016.
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worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Though Apfelbaum is listed in many books and articles devoted to the revolt in the Warsaw Ghetto as one of the commanders of the Jewish Military Union (see: Arens, Moshe (January 2008). "The Development of the Narrative of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising". Israel Affairs. 14 (1): 6–28. doi:10.1080/13537120701705924. ISSN 1353-7121. S2CID 144134946.), and a square was named for him in Warsaw, historians Dariusz Libionka and Laurence Weinbaum have cast doubt about his existence.^[76]
Gawryszewski, Andrzej (2009). Ludność Warszawy w XX wieku [Population of Warsaw in the 20th Century] (PDF). Warsaw: Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania PAN im. Stanisława Leszczyckiego. pp. 191, 193, 195, 202–203. ISBN 978-83-61590-96-5. ISSN 1643-2312. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022 – via direct download, 425 pages. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
Engelking, Barbara (2002). Holocaust and memory : the experience of the Holocaust and its consequences : an investigation based on personal narratives. London: Leicester University Press, in association with the European Jewish Publication Society. pp. 110–111. ISBN 9780567342775. OCLC 741690863.
Gutman, Israel (1994). Resistance : the Warsaw Ghetto uprising. Boston: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. pp. 87. ISBN 0395601991. OCLC 29548576.
Mazzeo, Tilar J. (2016). Irena's children : the extraordinary story of the woman who saved 2,500 children from the Warsaw ghetto (First Gallery books hardcover ed.). New York: Simon and Schuster. pp. 66–67. ISBN 9781476778501. OCLC 928481017.

yadvashem.org

www1.yadvashem.org

Yad Vashem. "Treblinka Extermination Camp in the Generalgouvernement" (PDF). Aktion Reinhard. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022.

yadvashem.org

Yad Vashem. "Auerswald, Heinz" (PDF). Shoah Resource Center, The International School for Holocaust Studies. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022 – via direct download. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) [Also in:] Browning, Christopher (2005). "Ghettos 1939–1945. New Research and Perspectives on Definition, Daily Life, and Survival" (PDF). Before the 'Final Solution'. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. PDF file, direct download. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022.

yale.edu

avalon.law.yale.edu

Jürgen Stroop. "The Warsaw Ghetto Is No More". Nazi Conspriracy and Aggression Volume 3 – Document No. 1061-PS. The Avalon Project: Lillian Goldman Law Library. Archived from the original on November 26, 2010.