Van Wyk, G (2003). "Illuminated signs: style and meaning in the beadwork of the Xhosa-and Zulu-speaking peoples". African Arts. 36 (3): 12–94. doi:10.1162/afar.2003.36.3.12. JSTOR3337941.
SIPHE POTELWA. (2016) The visual narrative relating to social performance of the Xhosa people during burial. MASTER OF VISUAL ARTS. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22189 Accessed 15 October 2018
Anne Hutchings. Ritual cleansing, incense and the tree of life-observations on some indigenous plant usage in traditional Zulu and Xhosa purification and burial rites. Alternation 14 (2), 189-217, 2007 https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA10231757_488 Accessed 15 October 2018
Van Wyk, G (2003). "Illuminated signs: style and meaning in the beadwork of the Xhosa-and Zulu-speaking peoples". African Arts. 36 (3): 12–94. doi:10.1162/afar.2003.36.3.12. JSTOR3337941.