پنانگ (Persian Wikipedia)

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aliran.com

"Tsunami impact in Penang, Malaysia: Our island, our world". aliran.com. Retrieved 2017-12-06.

anilnetto.com

Netto, Anil (6 October 2013). "Old Penang: The Sook Ching massacres of World War II - anilnetto.com". anilnetto.com (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 15 October 2016.

archive.org

Lewis, Su Lin (2016). Cities in Motion: Urban Life and Cosmopolitanism in Southeast Asia, 1920–1940. United Kingdom: Cambridge University. ISBN 978-1-107-10833-2.
Khoo, Su Nin (2007). Streets of George Town, Penang. Penang: Areca Books. ISBN 978-983-9886-00-9.
Bayly, Christopher (2005). Forgotten Armies: The Fall of British Asia, 1941–1945. Harvard University.
Christie, Clive (1998). A Modern History of Southeast Asia: Decolonization, Nationalism and Separatism. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1-86064-354-5.
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archive.today

"Malaysia: metropolitan areas". World Gazetteer. Archived from the original on 5 December 2012. Retrieved 14 July 2008.

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Abdul Rahman, Noor Ashikin (10 January 2017). "Paradise in Penang". AsiaOne (به انگلیسی). Archived from the original on 7 March 2017. Retrieved 2017-03-07.

books.google.com

Ashley Jackson (November 2013). Buildings of Empire. OUP Oxford. pp. 7–. ISBN 978-0-19-958938-8.
Paul H. Kratoska (1998). The Japanese Occupation of Malaya: A Social and Economic History. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. pp. 296–. ISBN 978-1-85065-284-7.

britannica.com

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Lianne Chia (26 January 2017). "A Silicon Valley of the East: Penang's thriving start-up community". Channel NewsAsia (به انگلیسی). Archived from the original on 29 January 2018. Retrieved 27 May 2017.

freemalaysiatoday.com

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"Sister cities". City of Fremantle (به انگلیسی). Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 11 March 2017.

ghostarchive.org

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historynet.com

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investpenang.gov.my

"List of Company Secretaries, Taxation and Accounting Services" (PDF). Invest Penang. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 November 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.

iwm.org.uk

"THE ALLIED REOCCUPATION OF THE ANDAMAN ISLANDS, 1945". www.iwm.org.uk (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2017-05-25.

komchadluek.net

ปีนัง: พันเรื่องถิ่นแผ่นดินไทย โดยศ. ดร. เอนก เหล่าธรรมทัศน์ (Press release) (به تایلندی). Komchadluek. Archived from the original on 29 March 2013. Retrieved 13 January 2013.

kwsp.gov.my

"Pulau Pinang". Malaysian Employees Provident Fund (به مالایی). Archived from the original on 28 May 2017. Retrieved 27 May 2017.

malaysiaairports.com.my

"Malaysia Airports". Archived from the original on 28 March 2014. Retrieved 18 November 2016.

malaysiakini.com

Chow, Mei Mei (6 March 2018). "Penang's commitment to safeguard its forests". Malaysiakini. Retrieved 8 March 2018.

mpsp.gov.my

"History". Seberang Perai City Council (به انگلیسی). Archived from the original on 5 December 2020. Retrieved 2017-05-01.

navy.gov.au

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nii.ac.jp

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Nordin, Hussin (1 December 2005). "Networks of Malay Merchants and the Rise of Penang as a Regional Trading Centre". Southeast Asian Studies. 43 (3): 215–237. ISSN 0563-8682.

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nus.edu.sg

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Daniel Goh, P. S. (2014). "Between History and Heritage: Post-Colonialism, Globalisation, and the Remaking of Malacca, Penang and Singapore" (PDF). Trans-Regional and -National Studies of Southeast Asia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 اكتبر 2016. Retrieved 8 August 2023. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)

nytimes.com

Bangkok, Barbara Crossette; BARBARA CROSSETTE is chief of The Times bureau in (1985-06-30). "Correspondent's Choice; on Penang Island, a Legend Lives". The New York Times (به انگلیسی). ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2017-12-10.

pccc.org.my

"Penang health statistics" (PDF). Penang State Health Department.^{^{[پیوند مرده]}}

penang.gov.my

"Penang Info". Penang State Government. Archived from the original on 2 March 2018. Retrieved 2 March 2018.
Zabidi, Nor Diana (11 August 2014). "Fort Cornwallis 228th Anniversary Celebration". Penang State Government (به مالایی). Archived from the original on 18 September 2017. Retrieved 15 May 2017.
"Education" (PDF). Penang State Government.^{^{[پیوند مرده]}}

botanicalgardens.penang.gov.my

"History". Penang Botanical Gardens (به انگلیسی).

penangmonthly.com

Julia Tan (November 2014). "The last Siamese village of Penang". Penang Monthly. Archived from the original on 28 November 2020. Retrieved 13 May 2017.
Ooi, Kee Beng (2014). "When Penang Became A Spice Island". Penang Monthly. Archived from the original on 29 May 2017. Retrieved 2017-05-25.
Koay Su Lin, Steven Sim (2014). "A history of local elections in Penang Part I: Democracy Comes Early". Penang Monthly. Archived from the original on 18 September 2017. Retrieved 2017-05-25.
Nicholas Chan (June 2015). "The history of Bukit Mertajam Part I – From agrarian village to economic hub". Penang Monthly. Archived from the original on 22 September 2017. Retrieved 4 March 2018.
Koay, Su Lin (September 2016). "Penang: The Rebel State (Part One)". Penang Monthly. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 2017-11-26.
Koay, Su Lin (1 October 2016). "Penang: The Rebel State (Part Two)". Penang Monthly (به انگلیسی). Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
Ooi, Kee Beng (December 2009). "Tun Lim Chong Eu: The past is not passé". Penang Monthly. Archived from the original on 8 August 2020. Retrieved 2017-11-30.
Lakhwani, Nanda (March 2016). "Sensitising Visitors to Mother Nature's Wealth". Penang Monthly. Archived from the original on 18 February 2018. Retrieved 8 March 2018.
Ong, Siou Woon (June 2012). "Safeguarding Penang's water supply". Penang Monthly. Archived from the original on 13 October 2017. Retrieved 9 March 2018.

pht.org.my

Clement Liang. "Penang's Disappearing Thai Heritage". Penang Heritage Trust (به انگلیسی).

pihec.com.my

Idris, Imran. "About Penang". Penang International Halal Expo Conference (به انگلیسی). Archived from the original on 16 December 2017. Retrieved 16 December 2017.

pnm.my

sejarahmalaysia.pnm.my

"Pulau Pinang Pulau Mutiara". Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia. 2000. Archived from the original on 9 April 2008. Retrieved 14 July 2008.

rbth.com

Ajay Kamalakaran (20 May 2015). "Battle of Penang: When Malay fishermen rescued Russian sailors". Russia Beyond the Headlines. Retrieved 12 January 2016.

sabrizain.org

"Betel Nut Island". Retrieved 13 September 2014.
"The Founding of Penang". www.sabrizain.org. Retrieved 2017-05-25.

seasia.co

"Brunei is Home to Southeast Asia's Longest Oversea Bridge. Soon | Seasia.co". Good News from Southeast Asia (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2019-02-18.

star2.com

Arnold Loh (30 December 2016). "Gurney Drive's reclamation project will transform the seaside promenade". The Star (به انگلیسی). Archived from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 26 May 2017.

starproperty.my

Wong, Chun Wai (30 March 2013). "Transformation of Bayan Lepas into free trade area does not diminish its attractions". The Star. Archived from the original on 4 March 2018. Retrieved 4 March 2018.

statistics.gov.my

"Laporan Kiraan Permulaan 2010". Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia. p. 27. Archived from the original on 8 July 2011. Retrieved 24 January 2011.
"Population Distribution by Local Authority Areas and Mukims, 2010 (page 1 & 8)" (PDF). Department of Statistics, Malaysia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2015. Retrieved 19 July 2013.

newss.statistics.gov.my

"Current Population Estimates Malaysia, 2018". Department of Statistics Malaysia. July 2018.
"My Local Stats - Penang 2017". Department of Statistics Malaysia. July 2018.

stp2.my

"GURNEY WHARF - A Penang State Project". Retrieved 2020-05-04.

sunyatsenpenang.com

"SUN YAT SEN | SUN YAT SEN MUSEUM". sunyatsenpenang.com (به انگلیسی). Archived from the original on 17 March 2018. Retrieved 2017-05-25.

telegraph.co.uk

"Penang, pearl of the Orient, in conservation struggle". The Daily Telegraph. 8 October 2005. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022.

theedgemarkets.com

"Cover Story: IJM Land to unveil two much-awaited projects". The Edge Markets. 2017-04-13. Retrieved 2017-05-26.

themalaymailonline.com

"Massive projects in place to alleviate urbanisation in Penang". 2016-10-29. Retrieved 2016-11-17.
Opalyn Mok (19 August 2017). "Has Mandarin replaced Hokkien in Penang?". Malay Mail.
"Unconstitutional to wipe Penang off Malaysia's map, Kedah told". Malay Mail. 11 February 2017. Retrieved 4 March 2017.
Opalyn Mok (1 October 2017). "Take a walk around old Butterworth to discover the town's heritage". Malay Mail.
Sandeep Chaurley (27 December 2013). "Nine years on, Penang's tsunami pain still lingers". Malay Mail. Retrieved 24 June 2017.
"Gurney Wharf, Penang's new waterfront park-in-the-city". 2016-02-23. Retrieved 2017-04-10.
Opalyn Mok (16 December 2016). "A boyhood passion that became the Penang Bird Park". Malay Mail.
"Penang will host 2018 first Asia Pacific Masters Games". Malay Mail. 1 December 2016.
"Penang Free WiFi to get speed boost in 50 spots soon". Malay Mail. 19 October 2015. Retrieved 18 October 2016.

thestar.com.my

"Penang to seek Unesco heritage status for Guar Kepah neolithic site". The Star. 26 April 2017.
Habibu, Sira (9 December 2013). "Lembah Bujang covers a larger area". The Star.
Wong, Chun Wai (20 April 2013). "A cowboy town that was old Penang". The Star.
Ng, Su-Ann (7 November 2004). "Penang losing its tourism lustre". The Star.
"E & O gains more time to finish Seri Tg Pinang reclamation". The Star. 21 January 2016.
CHOW, TAN SIN. "Makeover for Gurney Drive". The Star.
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"MPSP sets sights on city status". The Star. 1 August 2016.
Wong, Chun Wai (6 July 2013). "The Jewish community in Penang is all but gone leaving only tombs behind". The Star.
Francis, Jolynn (3 June 2016). "Paperless library option". The Star.
"US Navy ship calls at Penang". The Star. 30 September 2005.
Lo, Tern Chern (13 May 2017). "Chinese warships visit Penang". The Star. Retrieved 16 May 2017.
"Penang attractions painted on two ferries". The Star. 7 August 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2017.

thesundaily.my

"Kedah MB said to be asking RM100m a year for 'lease' of Penang". www.thesundaily.my (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2021-10-27.

thevibes.com

"1786 Kedah-Penang lease agreement a myth, says historian". The Vibes (به انگلیسی). 2021-10-28. Retrieved 2021-11-11.
"After MB's 'leased' remark, historical group's Kedah arm renews calls for review of the past". The Vibes (به انگلیسی). 2021-09-24. Retrieved 2021-11-11.

timeout.com

"The smallest national park in the world: Penang National Park". Time Out Penang (به انگلیسی). 27 October 2014.

todayonline.com

"Prehistoric human skeleton found at Penang neolithic site". TODAY. 19 April 2017. Retrieved 2017-04-29.

tropicalspicegarden.com

"The Tropical Spice Garden Story". Tropical Spice Garden (به انگلیسی). Archived from the original on 18 February 2018.

uboat.net

"uboat.net - U-boat Operations- The Monsun U-boats - 3. Monsun boats". www.uboat.net. Retrieved 15 October 2016.

ukm.edu.my

Nordin, Hussin. "Malaysian Journal of Society and Space" (PDF). Charting the Early History of Penang Trading Networks and Its Connections with the New ASEAN Growth Triangle (Malaysia-Indonesia-Thailand). Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 September 2017. Retrieved 4 March 2018.

umich.edu

quod.lib.umich.edu

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Ooi, Keat Gin (2015). "Disparate Identities: Penang from a Historical Perspective, 1780–1941" (PDF). Kajian Malaysia. 33 (Supp. 2): 27–52. ISSN 0127-4082. Retrieved 7 March 2023.

utusan.com.my

A. Murad Merican (12 October 2006). "Sejarah dari sudut Timur". Utusan Melayu (M) Bhd. Archived from the original on 16 January 2014. Retrieved 14 January 2014.

visitpenang.gov.my

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"Laporan Kiraan Permulaan 2010". Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia. p. 27. Archived from the original on 8 July 2011. Retrieved 24 January 2011.
"Population Distribution by Local Authority Areas and Mukims, 2010 (page 1 & 8)" (PDF). Department of Statistics, Malaysia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2015. Retrieved 19 July 2013.
Julia Tan (November 2014). "The last Siamese village of Penang". Penang Monthly. Archived from the original on 28 November 2020. Retrieved 13 May 2017.
Lianne Chia (26 January 2017). "A Silicon Valley of the East: Penang's thriving start-up community". Channel NewsAsia (به انگلیسی). Archived from the original on 29 January 2018. Retrieved 27 May 2017.
Idris, Imran. "About Penang". Penang International Halal Expo Conference (به انگلیسی). Archived from the original on 16 December 2017. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
"Pulau Pinang Pulau Mutiara". Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia. 2000. Archived from the original on 9 April 2008. Retrieved 14 July 2008.
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Zabidi, Nor Diana (11 August 2014). "Fort Cornwallis 228th Anniversary Celebration". Penang State Government (به مالایی). Archived from the original on 18 September 2017. Retrieved 15 May 2017.
"Light, Francis (The Light Letters)". AIM25. Part of The Malay Documents now held by School of Oriental and African Studies. Archived from the original on 7 March 2021. Retrieved 29 October 2019.{{cite web}}: نگهداری CS1: سایر موارد (link)
"History". Seberang Perai City Council (به انگلیسی). Archived from the original on 5 December 2020. Retrieved 2017-05-01.
Ooi, Kee Beng (2014). "When Penang Became A Spice Island". Penang Monthly. Archived from the original on 29 May 2017. Retrieved 2017-05-25.
Nordin, Hussin. "Malaysian Journal of Society and Space" (PDF). Charting the Early History of Penang Trading Networks and Its Connections with the New ASEAN Growth Triangle (Malaysia-Indonesia-Thailand). Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 September 2017. Retrieved 4 March 2018.
Koay Su Lin, Steven Sim (2014). "A history of local elections in Penang Part I: Democracy Comes Early". Penang Monthly. Archived from the original on 18 September 2017. Retrieved 2017-05-25.
Wong, Chun Wai (30 March 2013). "Transformation of Bayan Lepas into free trade area does not diminish its attractions". The Star. Archived from the original on 4 March 2018. Retrieved 4 March 2018.
Nicholas Chan (June 2015). "The history of Bukit Mertajam Part I – From agrarian village to economic hub". Penang Monthly. Archived from the original on 22 September 2017. Retrieved 4 March 2018.
"SUN YAT SEN | SUN YAT SEN MUSEUM". sunyatsenpenang.com (به انگلیسی). Archived from the original on 17 March 2018. Retrieved 2017-05-25.
Koay, Su Lin (September 2016). "Penang: The Rebel State (Part One)". Penang Monthly. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 2017-11-26.
Koay, Su Lin (1 October 2016). "Penang: The Rebel State (Part Two)". Penang Monthly (به انگلیسی). Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
Daniel Goh, P. S. (2014). "Between History and Heritage: Post-Colonialism, Globalisation, and the Remaking of Malacca, Penang and Singapore" (PDF). Trans-Regional and -National Studies of Southeast Asia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 اكتبر 2016. Retrieved 8 August 2023. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)
Ooi, Kee Beng (December 2009). "Tun Lim Chong Eu: The past is not passé". Penang Monthly. Archived from the original on 8 August 2020. Retrieved 2017-11-30.
Arnold Loh (30 December 2016). "Gurney Drive's reclamation project will transform the seaside promenade". The Star (به انگلیسی). Archived from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 26 May 2017.
"The Tropical Spice Garden Story". Tropical Spice Garden (به انگلیسی). Archived from the original on 18 February 2018.
Lakhwani, Nanda (March 2016). "Sensitising Visitors to Mother Nature's Wealth". Penang Monthly. Archived from the original on 18 February 2018. Retrieved 8 March 2018.
"Sister cities". City of Fremantle (به انگلیسی). Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
"List of Company Secretaries, Taxation and Accounting Services" (PDF). Invest Penang. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 November 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
"Pulau Pinang". Malaysian Employees Provident Fund (به مالایی). Archived from the original on 28 May 2017. Retrieved 27 May 2017.
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"Malaysia Airports". Archived from the original on 28 March 2014. Retrieved 18 November 2016.
Ong, Siou Woon (June 2012). "Safeguarding Penang's water supply". Penang Monthly. Archived from the original on 13 October 2017. Retrieved 9 March 2018.

world-gazetteer.com

"Malaysia: metropolitan areas". World Gazetteer. Archived from the original on 5 December 2012. Retrieved 14 July 2008.

worldcat.org

Ooi, Keat Gin (2015). "Disparate Identities: Penang from a Historical Perspective, 1780–1941" (PDF). Kajian Malaysia. 33 (Supp. 2): 27–52. ISSN 0127-4082. Retrieved 7 March 2023.
Nordin, Hussin (1 December 2005). "Networks of Malay Merchants and the Rise of Penang as a Regional Trading Centre". Southeast Asian Studies. 43 (3): 215–237. ISSN 0563-8682.
Bangkok, Barbara Crossette; BARBARA CROSSETTE is chief of The Times bureau in (1985-06-30). "Correspondent's Choice; on Penang Island, a Legend Lives". The New York Times (به انگلیسی). ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2017-12-10.