url=http://www.zdnet.com/article/happy-20th-birthday-gsm/ |title=Happy 20th birthday, GSM |auteur=ZDNet. On 7 September, 1987, representatives from 13 countries sat around a table in Copenhagen and signed the Groupe Spécial Mobile memorandum of understanding. [..] The memorandum of understanding that created all this was merely an agreement, not an organisation — the GSM Association didn't actually exist until 1995.
