William Leslie Bales, Tso Tsungt'ang, soldier and statesman of old China, Kelly and Walsh, Limited, (lire en ligne), p. 278.
(en) Michael Dillon, China's Muslim Hui community : migration, settlement and sects, Richmond, Curzon Press, , 208 p. (ISBN0-7007-1026-4, lire en ligne), p. 68, 136.
(en) Jonathan Neaman Lipman, Familiar strangers : a history of Muslims in Northwest China, Seattle, University of Washington Press, , 266 p. (ISBN0-295-97644-6, lire en ligne), p. 127, 140.
(en) Jonathan Neaman Lipman, Familiar strangers : a history of Muslims in Northwest China, Seattle, University of Washington Press, , 266 p. (ISBN0-295-97644-6, lire en ligne), p. 167.
(en) Jonathan Neaman Lipman, Familiar strangers : a history of Muslims in Northwest China, Seattle, University of Washington Press, , 266 p. (ISBN0-295-97644-6, lire en ligne), p. 127, 230.
jstor.org
(en) Jonathan N. Lipman, « Ethnicity and Politics in Republican China: The Ma Family Warlords of Gansu », Modern China, vol. 10, no 3, , p. 294 (JSTOR189017).
nccu.edu.tw
nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw
(zh) « 甘、寧、青三馬家族世系簡表 » [PDF], sur nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw.