(en) Mary Ann Maslak, « School as a site of Tibetan ethnic identity construction in India », China: An International Journal, vol. 60, no 1, , p. 85-106 (DOI10.1080/00131910701794671)
(en) Gerard A Postiglione, Ben Jiao et Sonam Gyatso, « Education in Rural Tibet: Development, Problems and Adaptations », China: An International Journal, vol. 3, no 1, , p. 1-23 (lire en ligne)« Each class was about 45 minutes. Primary school children were taught Tibetan with some Chinese in the morning, followed by mathematics in the afternoon. Most children had school books in Tibetan script, except for the subject of Chinese language. »« Graduates of the xiang central school may go on to attend junior secondary school in the county seat, or designated secondary schools for Tibetans in Chinese cities across the country. »
(en) Barry Sautman, "Cultural genocide" and Tibet, in Texas International Law Journal, 1er avril 2003 : « […] none of the many recent studies of endangered languages deems Tibetan to be imperiled, and language maintenance among Tibetans contrasts with language loss even in the remote areas of Western states renowned for liberal policies ». « […] claims that primary schools in Tibet teach putonghua are in error. Tibetan was the main language of instruction in 98% of TAR primary schools in 1986 ; today putonghua is introduced in early grades only in urban schools ».
