Hans G. Kippenberg; Yme B. Kuiper; Andy F. Sanders (1990). Concepts of Person in Religion and Thought. Walter de Gruyter. p. 295. ISBN978-3-11-087437-2., Quote: "The foundations of emotional devotionalism (bhakti) were laid in south India in the second half of the first millennium of our era (...)".
Karunaratna, Indumathie (2000). "Devotion". Encyclopaedia of Buddhism. Vol. IV. Government of Ceylon. p. 435. Archived from the original on 2022-11-04. Retrieved 2025-04-23.
Karunaratna, Indumathie (2000). "Devotion". Encyclopaedia of Buddhism. Vol. IV. Government of Ceylon. p. 435. Archived from the original on 2022-11-04. Retrieved 2025-04-23.