Kurgan (Russian: Курган, IPA: ) is the largest city and the administrative center of Kurgan Oblast in the south of the Urals Federal District of Russia. Population: 310,911 (2021 Census); 333,606 (2010 Census); 345,515 (2002 Census); 355,517 (1989 Census).. Until 1782 Kurgan bore the name Tsaryovo Gorodishche. An urban settlement was established here between 1659 and 1662 as Tsaryovo Gorodishche (Царёво Городи́ще, meaning Imperial Citadel) by Timofey Nevezhin, a farmer from Tyumen. In the ensuing years it was developed as a fortress town. It served as a frontier post and its fortified position enabled it to defend other Russian settlements from nomad attacks. Nevertheless, it was itself not always able to withstand such attacks, and was sometimes plundered and burnt down. More information...
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