Syców [ˈsɨt͡suf] (German: Groß Wartenberg, until 1888 Polnisch Wartenberg) is a town in Oleśnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of the administrative district (gmina) called Gmina Syców and part of the larger Wrocław metropolitan area. It lies approximately 27 kilometres (17 mi) north-east of Oleśnica, and 47 kilometres (29 mi) north-east of the regional capital Wrocław. Located within Poland since the establishment of the state in the 10th century, the settlement was first mentioned under the Old Polish name Syczowe in a document issued by Polish Duke Henryk IV Probus in February 1276. The name comes from the old Polish name Syc, who possibly was the owner of the settlement. According to another theory as well as folk traditions, the name comes from the Polish word "syty". Soon after it also appeared under the name Wrathenberc, when a local castellan on the trade route to Kalisz in Greater Poland was documented. In the early 14th-century Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis it appears under the names of Syczow and Wartinbergk. After the fragmentation of Poland in 1138, Syców was part of the duchies of Silesia, Głogów (from 1291) and Oleśnica (from 1312). It was granted town rights before 1312. Duke Konrad I of Oleśnica, who inherited it in 1321, fell under Bohemian suzerainty as a vassal of King John of Bohemia in 1329, however the town remained under rule of local Polish dukes of the Piast dynasty until 1489. More information...
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