Hicks GE، Gaines JM، Shardell M، Simonsick EM (سبتمبر 2008). "Associations of back and leg pain with health status and functional capacity of older adults: findings from the retirement community back pain study". Arthritis and Rheumatism. ج. 59 ع. 9: 1306–13. DOI:10.1002/art.24006. PMID:18759261.
Frymoyer JW (يناير 1994). "Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: Diagnosis and Treatment". The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. ج. 2 ع. 1: 9–15. DOI:10.5435/00124635-199401000-00002. PMID:10708989.
nih.gov
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Hicks GE، Gaines JM، Shardell M، Simonsick EM (سبتمبر 2008). "Associations of back and leg pain with health status and functional capacity of older adults: findings from the retirement community back pain study". Arthritis and Rheumatism. ج. 59 ع. 9: 1306–13. DOI:10.1002/art.24006. PMID:18759261.
Frymoyer JW (يناير 1994). "Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: Diagnosis and Treatment". The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. ج. 2 ع. 1: 9–15. DOI:10.5435/00124635-199401000-00002. PMID:10708989.