إثنية (Arabic Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "إثنية" in Arabic language version.

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archive.org

  • People، James؛ Bailey، Garrick (2010). Humanity: An Introduction to Cultural Anthropology (ط. 9th). Wadsworth Cengage learning. ص. 389. In essence, an ethnic group is a named social category of people based on perceptions of shared social experience or one's ancestors' experiences. Members of the ethnic group see themselves as sharing cultural traditions and history that distinguish them from other groups. Ethnic group identity has a strong psychological or emotional component that divides the people of the world into opposing categories of 'us' and 'them'. In contrast to social stratification, which divides and unifies people along a series of horizontal axes based on socioeconomic factors, ethnic identities divide and unify people along a series of vertical axes. Thus, ethnic groups, at least theoretically, cut across socioeconomic class differences, drawing members from all strata of the population.

doi.org

genetics.org

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

nih.gov

publications.gc.ca

  • "Challenges of measuring an ethnic world". Publications.gc.ca. The Government of Canada. 1 أبريل 1992. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2016-09-20. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2016-08-28. Ethnicity is a fundamental factor in human life: it is a phenomenon inherent in human experience.

sciencedirect.com

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

tandfonline.com

tufts.edu

perseus.tufts.edu

web.archive.org

  • Chandra، Kanchan (2012). Constructivist theories of ethnic politics. Oxford University Press. ص. 69–70. ISBN:978-0199893157. OCLC:829678440. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2022-07-30. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2020-09-11.
  • "Insight into Ethnic Differences". National Institutes of Health (NIH) (بالإنجليزية). 25 May 2015. Archived from the original on 2021-08-02. Retrieved 2021-08-02.
  • Banda, Yambazi; Kvale, Mark N.; Hoffmann, Thomas J.; Hesselson, Stephanie E.; Ranatunga, Dilrini; Tang, Hua; Sabatti, Chiara; Croen, Lisa A.; Dispensa, Brad P.; Henderson, Mary; Iribarren, Carlos (1 Aug 2015). "Characterizing Race/Ethnicity and Genetic Ancestry for 100,000 Subjects in the Genetic Epidemiology Research on Adult Health and Aging (GERA) Cohort". Genetics (بالإنجليزية). 200 (4): 1285–1295. DOI:10.1534/genetics.115.178616. ISSN:0016-6731. PMC:4574246. PMID:26092716. Archived from the original on 2021-08-02. Retrieved 2021-08-02.
  • Salter, Frank; Harpending, Henry (1 Jul 2013). "J.P. Rushton's theory of ethnic nepotism". Personality and Individual Differences (بالإنجليزية). 55 (3): 256–260. DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2012.11.014. ISSN:0191-8869. Archived from the original on 2021-08-02. Retrieved 2021-08-02.
  • Bayar, Murat (14 Oct 2009). "Reconsidering primordialism: an alternative approach to the study of ethnicity". Ethnic and Racial Studies (بالإنجليزية). 32 (9): 1639–1657. DOI:10.1080/01419870902763878. S2CID:143391013. Archived from the original on 2022-03-03. Retrieved 2021-01-05.
  • ἐθνικός نسخة محفوظة 2021-02-25 على موقع واي باك مشين., Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
  • ἔθνος نسخة محفوظة 2021-02-24 على موقع واي باك مشين., Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
  • ὅμαιμος نسخة محفوظة 2021-02-25 على موقع واي باك مشين., Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
  • ὁμόγλωσσος نسخة محفوظة 2021-02-25 على موقع واي باك مشين., Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
  • ὁμότροπος نسخة محفوظة 2021-02-25 على موقع واي باك مشين., Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus)
  • "Challenges of measuring an ethnic world". Publications.gc.ca. The Government of Canada. 1 أبريل 1992. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2016-09-20. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2016-08-28. Ethnicity is a fundamental factor in human life: it is a phenomenon inherent in human experience.

wikidata.org

worldcat.org

  • Chandra، Kanchan (2012). Constructivist theories of ethnic politics. Oxford University Press. ص. 69–70. ISBN:978-0199893157. OCLC:829678440. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2022-07-30. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2020-09-11.
  • Banda, Yambazi; Kvale, Mark N.; Hoffmann, Thomas J.; Hesselson, Stephanie E.; Ranatunga, Dilrini; Tang, Hua; Sabatti, Chiara; Croen, Lisa A.; Dispensa, Brad P.; Henderson, Mary; Iribarren, Carlos (1 Aug 2015). "Characterizing Race/Ethnicity and Genetic Ancestry for 100,000 Subjects in the Genetic Epidemiology Research on Adult Health and Aging (GERA) Cohort". Genetics (بالإنجليزية). 200 (4): 1285–1295. DOI:10.1534/genetics.115.178616. ISSN:0016-6731. PMC:4574246. PMID:26092716. Archived from the original on 2021-08-02. Retrieved 2021-08-02.
  • Salter, Frank; Harpending, Henry (1 Jul 2013). "J.P. Rushton's theory of ethnic nepotism". Personality and Individual Differences (بالإنجليزية). 55 (3): 256–260. DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2012.11.014. ISSN:0191-8869. Archived from the original on 2021-08-02. Retrieved 2021-08-02.