Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "الديناميكيات الدوائية للسبيرونولاكتون" in Arabic language version.
Spironolactone has been used successfully in dosages of 100 to 200 mg daily for the treatment of idiopathic hirsutism and hirsutism associated with polycystic ovarian disease (see Chaps. 96 and 101).184 [...] Spironolactone also is both an antiandrogen and a progestagen, and this explains many of its distressing side effects; decreased libido, mastodynia, and gynecomastia may occur in 50% or more of men, and menometrorrhagia and breast pain may occur in an equally large number of women taking the drug.27
The most rational treatment of cirrhotic patients with ascites appears to be the administration of an aldosterone antagonist. A stepwise equential therapy with increasing oral doses of an aldosterone antagonist (up to 400 mg/day) may be effective in mobilizing ascites in 60-80% of non-azotemic cirrhotic patients with ascites who do not respond to bed rest and dietary sodium restriction (11,12,74). The effective dosage of aldosterone antagonists depends on plasma aldosterone levels (75). Patients with moderately increased plasma levels require low doses of those drugs (100-150 mg/day), whereas patients with marked hyperaldosteronism may require as much as 200-400 mg/day. A further increase of the dosage up to 500-600 mg/day is of limited usefulness (11,12).
The incidence of spironolactone in men is dose related. It is estimated that 50% of men treated with ≥150 mg/day of spironolactone will develop gynecomastia. The degree of gynecomastia varies considerably from patient to patient but in most instances causes mild symptoms. Associated breast tenderness is common but an inconsistent feature.
Spironolactone has been used successfully in dosages of 100 to 200 mg daily for the treatment of idiopathic hirsutism and hirsutism associated with polycystic ovarian disease (see Chaps. 96 and 101).184 [...] Spironolactone also is both an antiandrogen and a progestagen, and this explains many of its distressing side effects; decreased libido, mastodynia, and gynecomastia may occur in 50% or more of men, and menometrorrhagia and breast pain may occur in an equally large number of women taking the drug.27
The most rational treatment of cirrhotic patients with ascites appears to be the administration of an aldosterone antagonist. A stepwise equential therapy with increasing oral doses of an aldosterone antagonist (up to 400 mg/day) may be effective in mobilizing ascites in 60-80% of non-azotemic cirrhotic patients with ascites who do not respond to bed rest and dietary sodium restriction (11,12,74). The effective dosage of aldosterone antagonists depends on plasma aldosterone levels (75). Patients with moderately increased plasma levels require low doses of those drugs (100-150 mg/day), whereas patients with marked hyperaldosteronism may require as much as 200-400 mg/day. A further increase of the dosage up to 500-600 mg/day is of limited usefulness (11,12).
The incidence of spironolactone in men is dose related. It is estimated that 50% of men treated with ≥150 mg/day of spironolactone will develop gynecomastia. The degree of gynecomastia varies considerably from patient to patient but in most instances causes mild symptoms. Associated breast tenderness is common but an inconsistent feature.
