العصر الجليدي الصغير (Arabic Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "العصر الجليدي الصغير" in Arabic language version.

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17doi.org

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12web.archive.org

1^st place

9harvard.edu

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4nih.gov

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3semanticscholar.org

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3psu.edu

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2archive.org

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2nasa.gov

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1worldcat.org

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1ipcc.ch

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1grida.no

6,903^rd place

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1nps.gov

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1jstor.org

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1usgcrp.gov

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1tribune.com.pk

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1handle.net

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1uliege.be

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archive.org

Ladurie, Emmanuel Le Roy (1971). Times of Feast, Times of Famine: a History of Climate Since the Year 1000. Barbara Bray. Garden City, NY: Doubleday. ISBN:978-0-374-52122-6. OCLC:164590.
Lamb, HH (1972). "The cold Little Ice Age climate of about 1550 to 1800". Climate: present, past and future. London: Methuen. ص. 107. CiteSeerX:10.1.1.408.1689. ISBN:978-0-416-11530-7. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2022-08-14. (noted in Grove 2004:4).

doi.org

Matthes، François E. (1939). "Report of Committee on Glaciers, April 1939". Transactions, American Geophysical Union. ج. 20 ع. 4: 518. Bibcode:1939TrAGU..20..518M. DOI:10.1029/TR020i004p00518. Matthes described glaciers in the سييرا نيفادا of California that he believed could not have survived the مناخ هولوسيني أمثل; his usage of "Little Ice Age" has been superseded by "Neoglaciation".
Matthews، John A.؛ Briffa، Keith R. (2005). "The 'little ice age': Re‐evaluation of an evolving concept". Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography. ج. 87: 17–36. DOI:10.1111/j.0435-3676.2005.00242.x. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-03.
Miller، Gifford H.؛ Geirsdóttir، Áslaug؛ Zhong، Yafang؛ Larsen، Darren J.؛ Otto-Bliesner، Bette L.؛ Holland، Marika M.؛ Bailey، David A.؛ Refsnider، Kurt A.؛ Lehman، Scott J.؛ Southon، John R.؛ Anderson، Chance؛ Björnsson، Helgi؛ Thordarson، Thorvaldur (2012). "Abrupt onset of the Little Ice Age triggered by volcanism and sustained by sea-ice/ocean feedbacks". Geophysical Research Letters. ج. 39 ع. 2: n/a. Bibcode:2012GeoRL..39.2708M. CiteSeerX:10.1.1.639.9076. DOI:10.1029/2011GL050168.
Koch، Alexander؛ Brierley، Chris؛ Maslin، Mark M.؛ Lewis، Simon L. (2019). "Earth system impacts of the European arrival and Great Dying in the Americas after 1492". Quaternary Science Reviews. ج. 207: 13–36. DOI:10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.12.004.
Broecker، Wallace S. (2000). "Was a change in thermohaline circulation responsible for the Little Ice Age?". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. ج. 97 ع. 4: 1339–42. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.1339B. DOI:10.1073/pnas.97.4.1339. JSTOR:121471. PMC:34299. PMID:10677462.
Hodell، David A.؛ Brenner، Mark؛ Curtis، Jason H.؛ Medina-González، Roger؛ Ildefonso-Chan Can، Enrique؛ Albornaz-Pat، Alma؛ Guilderson، Thomas P. (2005). "Climate change on the Yucatan Peninsula during the Little Ice Age". Quaternary Research. ج. 63 ع. 2: 109. Bibcode:2005QuRes..63..109H. DOI:10.1016/j.yqres.2004.11.004.
Reiter، Paul (2000). "From Shakespeare to Defoe: Malaria in England in the Little Ice Age". Emerging Infectious Diseases. ج. 6 ع. 1: 1–11. DOI:10.3201/eid0601.000101. PMC:2627969. PMID:10653562.
Fan، Ka-wai (2010). "Climatic change and dynastic cycles in Chinese history: A review essay". Climatic Change. ج. 101 ع. 3–4: 565–573. DOI:10.1007/s10584-009-9702-3.
Liu، Kam-biu؛ Shen، Caiming؛ Louie، Kin-Sheun (2001). "A 1,000-Year History of Typhoon Landfalls in Guangdong, Southern China, Reconstructed from Chinese Historical Documentary Records". Annals of the Association of American Geographers. ج. 91 ع. 3: 453–464. DOI:10.1111/0004-5608.00253. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-03.
MacKay، Anson W.؛ Bamford، Marion K.؛ Grab، Stefan W.؛ Fitchett، Jennifer M. (2016). "A multi-disciplinary review of late Quaternary palaeoclimates and environments for Lesotho". South African Journal of Science. ج. 112. DOI:10.17159/sajs.2016/20160045.
Johnson، Thomas C.؛ Barry، Sylvia L.؛ Chan، Yvonne؛ Wilkinson، Paul (2001). "Decadal record of climate variability spanning the past 700 yr in the Southern Tropics of East Africa". Geology. ج. 29 ع. 1: 83. Bibcode:2001Geo....29...83J. DOI:10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0083:DROCVS>2.0.CO;2. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2022-06-24.
Bertrand، Sébastien؛ Boës، Xavier؛ Castiaux، Julie؛ Charlet، François؛ Urrutia، Roberto؛ Espinoza، Cristian؛ Lepoint، Gilles؛ Charlier، Bernard؛ Fagel، Nathalie (2005). "Temporal evolution of sediment supply in Lago Puyehue (Southern Chile) during the last 600 yr and its climatic significance". Quaternary Research. ج. 64 ع. 2: 163. Bibcode:2005QuRes..64..163B. DOI:10.1016/j.yqres.2005.06.005. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-03.
Villalba، Ricardo (1994). "Tree-ring and glacial evidence for the medieval warm epoch and the little ice age in southern South America". Climatic Change. ج. 26 ع. 2–3: 183–197. Bibcode:1994ClCh...26..183V. DOI:10.1007/BF01092413.
Villalba، Ricardo (1990). "Climatic fluctuations in northern Patagonia during the last 1000 years as inferred from tree-ring records". Quaternary Research. ج. 34 ع. 3: 346–360. Bibcode:1990QuRes..34..346V. DOI:10.1016/0033-5894(90)90046-N.
Thompson، L. G.؛ Mosley-Thompson، E.؛ Davis، M. E.؛ Lin، P. N.؛ Henderson، K.؛ Mashiotta، T. A. (2003). "Tropical Glacier and Ice Core Evidence of Climate Change on Annual to Millennial Time Scales". Climate Variability and Change in High Elevation Regions: Past, Present & Future. Advances in Global Change Research. ج. 15. ص. 137. DOI:10.1007/978-94-015-1252-7_8. ISBN:978-90-481-6322-9.
Meyer، Inka؛ Wagner، Sebastian (2009). "The Little Ice Age in Southern South America: Proxy and Model Based Evidence". Past Climate Variability in South America and Surrounding Regions. Developments in Paleoenvironmental Research. ج. 14. ص. 395–412. DOI:10.1007/978-90-481-2672-9_16. ISBN:978-90-481-2671-2.
Araneda، Alberto؛ Torrejón، Fernando؛ Aguayo، Mauricio؛ Torres، Laura؛ Cruces، Fabiola؛ Cisternas، Marco؛ Urrutia، Roberto (2007). "Historical records of San Rafael glacier advances (North Patagonian Icefield): Another clue to 'Little Ice Age' timing in southern Chile?". The Holocene. ج. 17 ع. 7: 987. Bibcode:2007Holoc..17..987A. DOI:10.1177/0959683607082414.

grida.no

"Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis". UNEP/GRID-Arendal. مؤرشف من الأصل في 29 مايو 2006. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2 أغسطس 2007.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Holmgren, K., Tyson, P.D., Moberg, A., Svanered, O. (2001). "A preliminary 3000-year regional temperature reconstruction for South Africa". South African Journal of Science. ج. 97: 49–51. hdl:10520/EJC97278.{{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: صيانة الاستشهاد: أسماء متعددة: قائمة المؤلفين (link)

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Matthes، François E. (1939). "Report of Committee on Glaciers, April 1939". Transactions, American Geophysical Union. ج. 20 ع. 4: 518. Bibcode:1939TrAGU..20..518M. DOI:10.1029/TR020i004p00518. Matthes described glaciers in the سييرا نيفادا of California that he believed could not have survived the مناخ هولوسيني أمثل; his usage of "Little Ice Age" has been superseded by "Neoglaciation".
Miller، Gifford H.؛ Geirsdóttir، Áslaug؛ Zhong، Yafang؛ Larsen، Darren J.؛ Otto-Bliesner، Bette L.؛ Holland، Marika M.؛ Bailey، David A.؛ Refsnider، Kurt A.؛ Lehman، Scott J.؛ Southon، John R.؛ Anderson، Chance؛ Björnsson، Helgi؛ Thordarson، Thorvaldur (2012). "Abrupt onset of the Little Ice Age triggered by volcanism and sustained by sea-ice/ocean feedbacks". Geophysical Research Letters. ج. 39 ع. 2: n/a. Bibcode:2012GeoRL..39.2708M. CiteSeerX:10.1.1.639.9076. DOI:10.1029/2011GL050168.
Broecker، Wallace S. (2000). "Was a change in thermohaline circulation responsible for the Little Ice Age?". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. ج. 97 ع. 4: 1339–42. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.1339B. DOI:10.1073/pnas.97.4.1339. JSTOR:121471. PMC:34299. PMID:10677462.
Hodell، David A.؛ Brenner، Mark؛ Curtis، Jason H.؛ Medina-González، Roger؛ Ildefonso-Chan Can، Enrique؛ Albornaz-Pat، Alma؛ Guilderson، Thomas P. (2005). "Climate change on the Yucatan Peninsula during the Little Ice Age". Quaternary Research. ج. 63 ع. 2: 109. Bibcode:2005QuRes..63..109H. DOI:10.1016/j.yqres.2004.11.004.
Johnson، Thomas C.؛ Barry، Sylvia L.؛ Chan، Yvonne؛ Wilkinson، Paul (2001). "Decadal record of climate variability spanning the past 700 yr in the Southern Tropics of East Africa". Geology. ج. 29 ع. 1: 83. Bibcode:2001Geo....29...83J. DOI:10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0083:DROCVS>2.0.CO;2. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2022-06-24.
Bertrand، Sébastien؛ Boës، Xavier؛ Castiaux، Julie؛ Charlet، François؛ Urrutia، Roberto؛ Espinoza، Cristian؛ Lepoint، Gilles؛ Charlier، Bernard؛ Fagel، Nathalie (2005). "Temporal evolution of sediment supply in Lago Puyehue (Southern Chile) during the last 600 yr and its climatic significance". Quaternary Research. ج. 64 ع. 2: 163. Bibcode:2005QuRes..64..163B. DOI:10.1016/j.yqres.2005.06.005. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-03.
Villalba، Ricardo (1994). "Tree-ring and glacial evidence for the medieval warm epoch and the little ice age in southern South America". Climatic Change. ج. 26 ع. 2–3: 183–197. Bibcode:1994ClCh...26..183V. DOI:10.1007/BF01092413.
Villalba، Ricardo (1990). "Climatic fluctuations in northern Patagonia during the last 1000 years as inferred from tree-ring records". Quaternary Research. ج. 34 ع. 3: 346–360. Bibcode:1990QuRes..34..346V. DOI:10.1016/0033-5894(90)90046-N.
Araneda، Alberto؛ Torrejón، Fernando؛ Aguayo، Mauricio؛ Torres، Laura؛ Cruces، Fabiola؛ Cisternas، Marco؛ Urrutia، Roberto (2007). "Historical records of San Rafael glacier advances (North Patagonian Icefield): Another clue to 'Little Ice Age' timing in southern Chile?". The Holocene. ج. 17 ع. 7: 987. Bibcode:2007Holoc..17..987A. DOI:10.1177/0959683607082414.

ipcc.ch

archive.ipcc.ch

"1.4.3 Solar Variability and the Total Solar Irradiance – AR4 WGI Chapter 1: Historical Overview of Climate Change Science". Ipcc.ch. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-12-19. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2013-06-24.

jstor.org

Broecker، Wallace S. (2000). "Was a change in thermohaline circulation responsible for the Little Ice Age?". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. ج. 97 ع. 4: 1339–42. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.1339B. DOI:10.1073/pnas.97.4.1339. JSTOR:121471. PMC:34299. PMID:10677462.

nasa.gov

earthobservatory.nasa.gov

"Earth observatory Glossary L-N". NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Green Belt MD: NASA. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-12-08. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2015-07-17. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: الاستشهاد بدورية محكمة يطلب |دورية محكمة= (مساعدة)

svs.gsfc.nasa.gov

"SVS Science Story: Ice Age". NASA Scientific Visualization Studio. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-08-11. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2007-08-02.

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Broecker، Wallace S. (2000). "Was a change in thermohaline circulation responsible for the Little Ice Age?". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. ج. 97 ع. 4: 1339–42. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.1339B. DOI:10.1073/pnas.97.4.1339. JSTOR:121471. PMC:34299. PMID:10677462.
Reiter، Paul (2000). "From Shakespeare to Defoe: Malaria in England in the Little Ice Age". Emerging Infectious Diseases. ج. 6 ع. 1: 1–11. DOI:10.3201/eid0601.000101. PMC:2627969. PMID:10653562.

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Broecker، Wallace S. (2000). "Was a change in thermohaline circulation responsible for the Little Ice Age?". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. ج. 97 ع. 4: 1339–42. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.1339B. DOI:10.1073/pnas.97.4.1339. JSTOR:121471. PMC:34299. PMID:10677462.
Reiter، Paul (2000). "From Shakespeare to Defoe: Malaria in England in the Little Ice Age". Emerging Infectious Diseases. ج. 6 ع. 1: 1–11. DOI:10.3201/eid0601.000101. PMC:2627969. PMID:10653562.

nps.gov

www2.nature.nps.gov

"Ice Ages". National Park Service. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2005-04-12.

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Miller، Gifford H.؛ Geirsdóttir، Áslaug؛ Zhong، Yafang؛ Larsen، Darren J.؛ Otto-Bliesner، Bette L.؛ Holland، Marika M.؛ Bailey، David A.؛ Refsnider، Kurt A.؛ Lehman، Scott J.؛ Southon، John R.؛ Anderson، Chance؛ Björnsson، Helgi؛ Thordarson، Thorvaldur (2012). "Abrupt onset of the Little Ice Age triggered by volcanism and sustained by sea-ice/ocean feedbacks". Geophysical Research Letters. ج. 39 ع. 2: n/a. Bibcode:2012GeoRL..39.2708M. CiteSeerX:10.1.1.639.9076. DOI:10.1029/2011GL050168.
Lamb, HH (1972). "The cold Little Ice Age climate of about 1550 to 1800". Climate: present, past and future. London: Methuen. ص. 107. CiteSeerX:10.1.1.408.1689. ISBN:978-0-416-11530-7. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2022-08-14. (noted in Grove 2004:4).

meteo.psu.edu

Mann, Michael (2003). "Little Ice Age" (PDF). في Michael C MacCracken؛ John S Perry (المحررون). Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Change, Volume 1, The Earth System: Physical and Chemical Dimensions of Global Environmental Change. John Wiley & Sons. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2012-11-17.

semanticscholar.org

Matthews، John A.؛ Briffa، Keith R. (2005). "The 'little ice age': Re‐evaluation of an evolving concept". Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography. ج. 87: 17–36. DOI:10.1111/j.0435-3676.2005.00242.x. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-03.
Liu، Kam-biu؛ Shen، Caiming؛ Louie، Kin-Sheun (2001). "A 1,000-Year History of Typhoon Landfalls in Guangdong, Southern China, Reconstructed from Chinese Historical Documentary Records". Annals of the Association of American Geographers. ج. 91 ع. 3: 453–464. DOI:10.1111/0004-5608.00253. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-03.
Johnson، Thomas C.؛ Barry، Sylvia L.؛ Chan، Yvonne؛ Wilkinson، Paul (2001). "Decadal record of climate variability spanning the past 700 yr in the Southern Tropics of East Africa". Geology. ج. 29 ع. 1: 83. Bibcode:2001Geo....29...83J. DOI:10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0083:DROCVS>2.0.CO;2. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2022-06-24.

tribune.com.pk

"From Zardaris to Makranis: How the Baloch came to Sindh". The Express Tribune. 28 مارس 2014. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-06-07.

uliege.be

orbi.uliege.be

Bertrand، Sébastien؛ Boës، Xavier؛ Castiaux، Julie؛ Charlet، François؛ Urrutia، Roberto؛ Espinoza، Cristian؛ Lepoint، Gilles؛ Charlier، Bernard؛ Fagel، Nathalie (2005). "Temporal evolution of sediment supply in Lago Puyehue (Southern Chile) during the last 600 yr and its climatic significance". Quaternary Research. ج. 64 ع. 2: 163. Bibcode:2005QuRes..64..163B. DOI:10.1016/j.yqres.2005.06.005. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-03.

usgcrp.gov

"Abrupt Climate Changes Revisited: How Serious and How Likely?". USGCRP Seminar. US Global Change Research Program. 23 فبراير 1998. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2013-02-21.

web.archive.org

Matthews، John A.؛ Briffa، Keith R. (2005). "The 'little ice age': Re‐evaluation of an evolving concept". Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography. ج. 87: 17–36. DOI:10.1111/j.0435-3676.2005.00242.x. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-03.
"1.4.3 Solar Variability and the Total Solar Irradiance – AR4 WGI Chapter 1: Historical Overview of Climate Change Science". Ipcc.ch. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-12-19. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2013-06-24.
"Earth observatory Glossary L-N". NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Green Belt MD: NASA. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-12-08. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2015-07-17. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: الاستشهاد بدورية محكمة يطلب |دورية محكمة= (مساعدة)
Lamb, HH (1972). "The cold Little Ice Age climate of about 1550 to 1800". Climate: present, past and future. London: Methuen. ص. 107. CiteSeerX:10.1.1.408.1689. ISBN:978-0-416-11530-7. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2022-08-14. (noted in Grove 2004:4).
"Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis". UNEP/GRID-Arendal. مؤرشف من الأصل في 29 مايو 2006. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2 أغسطس 2007.
"SVS Science Story: Ice Age". NASA Scientific Visualization Studio. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-08-11. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2007-08-02.
"Ice Ages". National Park Service. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2005-04-12.
"Abrupt Climate Changes Revisited: How Serious and How Likely?". USGCRP Seminar. US Global Change Research Program. 23 فبراير 1998. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2013-02-21.
Liu، Kam-biu؛ Shen، Caiming؛ Louie، Kin-Sheun (2001). "A 1,000-Year History of Typhoon Landfalls in Guangdong, Southern China, Reconstructed from Chinese Historical Documentary Records". Annals of the Association of American Geographers. ج. 91 ع. 3: 453–464. DOI:10.1111/0004-5608.00253. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-03.
"From Zardaris to Makranis: How the Baloch came to Sindh". The Express Tribune. 28 مارس 2014. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-06-07.
Johnson، Thomas C.؛ Barry، Sylvia L.؛ Chan، Yvonne؛ Wilkinson، Paul (2001). "Decadal record of climate variability spanning the past 700 yr in the Southern Tropics of East Africa". Geology. ج. 29 ع. 1: 83. Bibcode:2001Geo....29...83J. DOI:10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0083:DROCVS>2.0.CO;2. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2022-06-24.
Bertrand، Sébastien؛ Boës، Xavier؛ Castiaux، Julie؛ Charlet، François؛ Urrutia، Roberto؛ Espinoza، Cristian؛ Lepoint، Gilles؛ Charlier، Bernard؛ Fagel، Nathalie (2005). "Temporal evolution of sediment supply in Lago Puyehue (Southern Chile) during the last 600 yr and its climatic significance". Quaternary Research. ج. 64 ع. 2: 163. Bibcode:2005QuRes..64..163B. DOI:10.1016/j.yqres.2005.06.005. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-03.

worldcat.org

Ladurie, Emmanuel Le Roy (1971). Times of Feast, Times of Famine: a History of Climate Since the Year 1000. Barbara Bray. Garden City, NY: Doubleday. ISBN:978-0-374-52122-6. OCLC:164590.