Only Virginia, Tennessee and Texas held referendums to ratify their Fire-Eater declarations of secession, and Virginia's excluded Unionist county votes and included Confederate troops in Richmond voting as regiments viva voce[لغات أخرى].Dabney، Virginius. (1983). Virginia: The New Dominion, a History from 1607 to the Present. Doubleday. ص. 296. ISBN:9780813910154.