Sign In

Login

Password

Forgot Password ? Sign Up

بيريدين (Arabic Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "بيريدين" in Arabic language version.

refsWebsite
Global rank Arabic rank
56doi.org
2nd place
5th place
20web.archive.org
1st place
1st place
10archive.org
6th place
3rd place
9nih.gov
4th place
6th place
5harvard.edu
18th place
33rd place
3espacenet.com
800th place
1,795th place
2wikidata.org
43rd place
2nd place
2alfa.com
7,745th place
low place
2orgsyn.org
2,971st place
3,717th place
2inchem.org
4,334th place
5,367th place
2books.google.com
3rd place
8th place
1britannica.com
40th place
15th place
1sigmaaldrich.com
924th place
2,173rd place
1iupac.org
538th place
267th place
1bnf.fr
124th place
112th place
1ukim.edu.mk
low place
low place
1iarc.fr
4,025th place
5,889th place
1dguv.de
813th place
4,878th place
1acadsoft.co.uk
low place
low place
1agrochemex.net
low place
low place
1uni-jena.de
4,878th place
low place
1epa.gov
882nd place
634th place
1wikimedia.org
low place
low place
1illinois.edu
1,349th place
1,549th place
1sciencemadness.org
low place
low place

acadsoft.co.uk

agrochemex.net

alfa.com

archive.org

bnf.fr

gallica.bnf.fr

books.google.com

britannica.com

dguv.de

gestis.dguv.de

doi.org

  • Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. ص. 141. DOI:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN:978-0-85404-182-4.
  • Powell، W. H. (1983). "Revision of the extended Hantzsch-Widman system of nomenclature for hetero mono-cycles" (PDF). Pure and Applied Chemistry. ج. 55 ع. 2: 409–416. DOI:10.1351/pac198855020409. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2018-09-20.
  • Shimizu، S.؛ Watanabe، N.؛ Kataoka، T.؛ Shoji، T.؛ Abe، N.؛ Morishita، S.؛ Ichimura، H. (2005)، "Pyridine and Pyridine Derivatives"، موسوعة أولمان للكيمياء الصناعية، فاينهايم: وايلي-في سي إتش، DOI:10.1002/14356007.a22_399
  • Chichibabin، A. E. (1924). "Über Kondensation der Aldehyde mit Ammoniak zu Pyridinebasen" [On condensation of aldehydes with ammonia to make pyridines]. Journal für Praktische Chemie. ج. 107: 122. DOI:10.1002/prac.19241070110. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-09-20.
  • Frank، R. L.؛ Seven، R. P. (1949). "Pyridines. IV. A Study of the Chichibabin Synthesis". Journal of the American Chemical Society. ج. 71 ع. 8: 2629–2635. DOI:10.1021/ja01176a008.
  • Hantzsch، A. (1881). "Condensationsprodukte aus Aldehydammoniak und ketonartigen Verbindungen" [Condensation products from aldehyde ammonia and ketone-type compounds]. Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft. ج. 14 ع. 2: 1637. DOI:10.1002/cber.18810140214.
  • Knoevenagel، E.؛ Fries، A. (1898). "Synthesen in der Pyridinreihe. Ueber eine Erweiterung der Hantzsch'schen Dihydropyridinsynthese" [Syntheses in the pyridine series. On an extension of the Hantzsch dihydropyridine synthesis]. Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft. ج. 31: 761. DOI:10.1002/cber.189803101157.
  • Kroehnke، Fritz (1976). "The Specific Synthesis of Pyridines and Oligopyridines". Synthesis. ج. 1976 ع. 1: 1–24. DOI:10.1055/s-1976-23941..
  • Skell، P. S.؛ Sandler، R. S. (1958). "Reactions of 1,1-Dihalocyclopropanes with Electrophilic Reagents. Synthetic Route for Inserting a Carbon Atom Between the Atoms of a Double Bond". Journal of the American Chemical Society. ج. 80 ع. 8: 2024. DOI:10.1021/ja01541a070.
  • Jones، R. L.؛ Rees، C. W. (1969). "Mechanism of heterocyclic ring expansions. Part III. Reaction of pyrroles with dichlorocarbene". Journal of the Chemical Society C: Organic ع. 18: 2249. DOI:10.1039/J39690002249.
  • Gambacorta، A.؛ Nicoletti، R.؛ Cerrini، S.؛ Fedeli، W.؛ Gavuzzo، E. (1978). "Trapping and structure determination of an intermediate in the reaction between 2-methyl-5-t-butylpyrrole and dichlorocarbene". Tetrahedron Letters. ج. 19 ع. 27: 2439. DOI:10.1016/S0040-4039(01)94795-1.
  • Gattermann، L.؛ Skita، A. (1916). "Eine Synthese von Pyridin-Derivaten" [A synthesis of pyridine derivatives]. Chemische Berichte. ج. 49 ع. 1: 494–501. DOI:10.1002/cber.19160490155.
  • Tarr، J. B.؛ Arditti، J. (1982). "Niacin Biosynthesis in Seedlings of Zea mays". Plant Physiology. ج. 69 ع. 3: 553–556. DOI:10.1104/pp.69.3.553. PMC:426252. PMID:16662247.
  • Tang، Jian؛ Jin، Qi Zhang؛ Shen، Guo Hui؛ Ho، Chi Tang؛ Chang، Stephen S. (1983). "Isolation and identification of volatile compounds from fried chicken". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. ج. 31 ع. 6: 1287. DOI:10.1021/jf00120a035.
  • Shibamoto، Takayuki؛ Kamiya، Yoko؛ Mihara، Satoru (1981). "Isolation and identification of volatile compounds in cooked meat: sukiyaki". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. ج. 29: 57. DOI:10.1021/jf00103a015.
  • Aeschbacher، HU؛ Wolleb، U؛ Löliger، J؛ Spadone، JC؛ Liardon، R (1989). "Contribution of coffee aroma constituents to the mutagenicity of coffee". Food and Chemical Toxicology. ج. 27 ع. 4: 227–232. DOI:10.1016/0278-6915(89)90160-9. PMID:2659457.
  • Buttery، Ron G.؛ Seifert، Richard M.؛ Guadagni، Dante G.؛ Ling، Louisa C. (1971). "Characterization of Volatile Pyrazine and Pyridine Components of Potato Chips". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. Washington, DC: ACS. ج. 19 ع. 5: 969–971. DOI:10.1021/jf60177a020.
  • Ho، Chi Tang؛ Lee، Ken N.؛ Jin، Qi Zhang (1983). "Isolation and identification of volatile flavor compounds in fried bacon". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. ج. 31 ع. 2: 336. DOI:10.1021/jf00116a038.
  • Dumont، Jean Pierre؛ Adda، Jacques (1978). "Occurrence of sesquiterpene in mountain cheese volatiles". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. ج. 26 ع. 2: 364. DOI:10.1021/jf60216a037.
  • Vitzthum، Otto G.؛ Werkhoff، Peter؛ Hubert، Peter (1975). "New volatile constituents of black tea flavor". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. ج. 23 ع. 5: 999. DOI:10.1021/jf60201a032.
  • Labows، John N., Jr.؛ Warren، Craig B., (1981). "Odorants as Chemical Messengers". في Moskowitz، Howard R. (المحرر). Odor Quality and Chemical Structure. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society. ص. 195–210. DOI:10.1021/bk-1981-0148.fw001. ISBN:9780841206076.{{استشهاد بكتاب}}: صيانة الاستشهاد: أسماء متعددة: قائمة المؤلفين (link) صيانة الاستشهاد: علامات ترقيم زائدة (link)
  • Kostelc، J. G.؛ Preti، G.؛ Nelson، P. R.؛ Brauner، L.؛ Baehni، P. (1984). "Oral Odors in Early Experimental Gingivitis". Journal of Periodontology Research. ج. 19 ع. 3: 303–312. DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1984.tb00821.x. PMID:6235346.
  • M. Curvall, C. R. Enzell, B. Pettersson: An evaluation of the utility of four in vitro short term tests for predicting the cytotoxicity of individual compounds derived from tobacco smoke, in: Cell Biology and Toxicology, 1984, 1, S. 173–193; دُوِي:10.1007/BF00125573.
  • I. Schmeltz, D. Hoffmann: Nitrogen-containing compounds in tobacco and tobacco smoke, in: Chemical Reviews, 1977, 77, S. 295–311; دُوِي:10.1021/cr60307a001.
  • Mootz، D. (1981). "Crystal structures of pyridine and pyridine trihydrate". The Journal of Chemical Physics. ج. 75 ع. 3: 1517. Bibcode:1981JChPh..75.1517M. DOI:10.1063/1.442204.
  • Domalski، Eugene S.؛ Hearing، Elizabeth D. (1996). "Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase". Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data. ج. 25: 1. Bibcode:1996JPCRD..25....1D. DOI:10.1063/1.555985.
  • Cox، E. (1958). "Crystal Structure of Benzene". Reviews of Modern Physics. ج. 30: 159. Bibcode:1958RvMP...30..159C. DOI:10.1103/RevModPhys.30.159.
  • McCullough، J. P.؛ Douslin، D. R.؛ Messerly، J. F.؛ Hossenlopp، I. A.؛ Kincheloe، T. C.؛ Waddington، Guy (1957). "Pyridine: Experimental and Calculated Chemical Thermodynamic Properties between 0 and 1500 °K.; a Revised Vibrational Assignment". Journal of the American Chemical Society. ج. 79 ع. 16: 4289. DOI:10.1021/ja01573a014.
  • Krygowski، T. M.؛ Szatyowicz، H.؛ Zachara، J. E. (2005). "How H-bonding Modifies Molecular Structure and π-Electron Delocalization in the Ring of Pyridine/Pyridinium Derivatives Involved in H-Bond Complexation". J. Org. Chem. ج. 70 ع. 22: 8859–8865. DOI:10.1021/jo051354h. PMID:16238319.
  • Bakke، Jan M.؛ Hegbom، Ingrid؛ Verne، Hans Peter؛ Weidlein، Johann؛ Schnöckel، Hansgeorg؛ Paulsen، Gudrun B.؛ Nielsen، Ruby I.؛ Olsen، Carl E.؛ Pedersen، Christian؛ Stidsen، Carsten E. (1994). "Dinitrogen Pentoxide-Sulfur Dioxide, a New nitrate ion system". Acta Chemica Scandinavica. ج. 48: 181. DOI:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.48-0181.
  • Ono، Noboru؛ Murashima، Takashi؛ Nishi، Keiji؛ Nakamoto، Ken-Ichi؛ Kato، Atsushi؛ Tamai، Ryuji؛ Uno، Hidemitsu (2002). "Preparation of Novel Heteroisoindoles from nitropyridines and Nitropyridones". Heterocycles. ج. 58: 301. DOI:10.3987/COM-02-S(M)22.
  • Duffy، Joseph L.؛ Laali، Kenneth K. (1991). "Aprotic Nitration (NO2+BF4−) of 2-Halo- and 2,6-Dihalopyridines and Transfer-Nitration Chemistry of Their N-Nitropyridinium Cations". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. ج. 56 ع. 9: 3006. DOI:10.1021/jo00009a015.
  • Gabriel، S. (1882). "Note on nicotinic acid from pyridine". Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft. ج. 15: 834. DOI:10.1002/cber.188201501180.
  • Möller، Ernst Friedrich؛ Birkofer، Leonhard (1942). "Konstitutionsspezifität der Nicotinsäure als Wuchsstoff bei Proteus vulgaris und Streptobacterium plantarum" [Constitutional specificity of nicotinic acid as a growth factor in Proteus vulgaris and Streptobacterium plantarum]. Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft (A and B Series). ج. 75 ع. 9: 1108. DOI:10.1002/cber.19420750912.
  • Shreve، R. Norris؛ Riechers، E. H.؛ Rubenkoenig، Harry؛ Goodman، A. H. (1940). "Amination in the Heterocyclic Series by Sodium amide". Industrial & Engineering Chemistry. ج. 32 ع. 2: 173. DOI:10.1021/ie50362a008.
  • Badger، G؛ Sasse، W (1963). "The Action of Metal Catalysts on Pyridines". Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry. Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry. ج. 2. ص. 179. DOI:10.1016/S0065-2725(08)60749-7. ISBN:9780120206025.
  • Sasse, W. H. F. (1966). "2,2′-bipyridine" (PDF). Organic Syntheses. ج. 46: 5–8. DOI:10.1002/0471264180.os046.02. ISBN:0471264229. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 8 أكتوبر 2012. اطلع عليه بتاريخ أغسطس 2020. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: تحقق من التاريخ في: |تاريخ الوصول= (مساعدة)
  • Burrows، George H.؛ King، Louis A. (1935). "The Free Energy Change that Accompanies Hydrogenation of pyridines to piperidines". Journal of the American Chemical Society. ج. 57 ع. 10: 1789. DOI:10.1021/ja01313a011.
  • Tanner، Dennis D.؛ Yang، Chi Ming (1993). "On the structure and mechanism of formation of the Lansbury reagent, lithium tetrakis(N-dihydropyridyl) aluminate". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. ج. 58 ع. 7: 1840. DOI:10.1021/jo00059a041.
  • De Koning، A.؛ Budzelaar، P. H. M.؛ Boersma، J.؛ Van Der Kerk، G. J. M. (1980). "Specific and selective reduction of aromatic nitrogen heterocycles with the bis-pyridine complexes of bis(1,4-dihydro-1-pyridyl)zinc and bis(1,4-dihydro-1-pyridyl)magnesium". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. ج. 199 ع. 2: 153. DOI:10.1016/S0022-328X(00)83849-8.
  • Sherman, A. R. “Pyridine” in e-EROS (Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis) (Ed: L. Paquette) 2004, J. Wiley & Sons, New York. دُوِي:10.1002/047084289X.rp280 Article Online Posting Date: April 15, 2001.
  • Sherman، A. R. (2004). "Pyridine". في Paquette، L. (المحرر). Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. e-EROS (Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis). New York: J. Wiley & Sons. DOI:10.1002/047084289X.rp280. ISBN:0471936235.
  • Corey، E. J.؛ Suggs، W. (1975). "Pyridinium Chlorochromate. An Efficient Reagent for Oxidation of Primary and Secondary Alcohols to Carbonyl Compounds". Tetrahedron Letters. ج. 16 ع. 31: 2647–2650. DOI:10.1016/S0040-4039(00)75204-X.
  • Cornforth، R. H.؛ Cornforth، J. W.؛ Popjak، G. (1962). "Preparation of R- and S-mevalonolactones". Tetrahedron. ج. 18 ع. 12: 1351–1354. DOI:10.1016/S0040-4020(01)99289-0.
  • Collins، J. C.؛ Hess، W. W.؛ Frank، F. J. (1968). "Dipyridine-chromium(VI) oxide oxidation of alcohols in dichloromethane". Tetrahedron Lett. ج. 9 ع. 30: 3363–3366. DOI:10.1016/S0040-4039(00)89494-0.
  • Crabtree، Robert (1979). "Iridium compounds in catalysis". Accounts of Chemical Research. ج. 12 ع. 9: 331. DOI:10.1021/ar50141a005.
  • Sims، G. K.؛ O'Loughlin، E. J. (1989). "Degradation of pyridines in the environment". CRC Critical Reviews in Environmental Control. ج. 19 ع. 4: 309–340. DOI:10.1080/10643388909388372.
  • Sims، G. K.؛ Sommers، L.E. (1986). "Biodegradation of pyridine derivatives in soil suspensions". Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. ج. 5 ع. 6: 503–509. DOI:10.1002/etc.5620050601.
  • Bi، E.؛ Schmidt، T. C.؛ Haderlein، S. B. (2006). "Sorption of heterocyclic organic compounds to reference soils: column studies for process identification". Environ Sci Technol. ج. 40 ع. 19: 5962–5970. DOI:10.1021/es060470e. PMID:17051786.
  • O'Loughlin، E. J؛ Traina، S. J.؛ Sims، G. K. (2000). "Effects of sorption on the biodegradation of 2-methylpyridine in aqueous suspensions of reference clay minerals". Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. ج. 19 ع. 9: 2168–2174. DOI:10.1002/etc.5620190904.
  • Junk، G. A.؛ Ford، C. S. (1980). "A review of organic emissions from selected combustion processes". Chemosphere. ج. 9 ع. 4: 187. DOI:10.1016/0045-6535(80)90079-X.
  • Hawthorne، Steven B.؛ Sievers، Robert E. (1984). "Emissions of organic air pollutants from shale oil wastewaters". Environmental Science & Technology. ج. 18 ع. 6: 483. Bibcode:1984EnST...18..483H. DOI:10.1021/es00124a016.
  • Stuermer، Daniel H.؛ Ng، Douglas J.؛ Morris، Clarence J. (1982). "Organic contaminants in groundwater near to underground coal gasification site in northeastern Wyoming". Environmental Science & Technology. ج. 16 ع. 9: 582. Bibcode:1982EnST...16..582S. DOI:10.1021/es00103a009.
  • Anderson، T. (1849). "Producte der trocknen Destillation thierischer Materien" [Products of the dry distillation of animal matter]. Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie. ج. 70: 32. DOI:10.1002/jlac.18490700105.
  • Anderson، T. (1851). "Ueber die Producte der trocknen Destillation thierischer Materien" [On the products of dry distillation of animal matter]. Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie. ج. 80: 44. DOI:10.1002/jlac.18510800104.
  • "A. Henninger, aus Paris. 12. April 1877". Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft (Correspondence). ج. 10: 727. 1877. DOI:10.1002/cber.187701001202.

epa.gov

cfpub.epa.gov

espacenet.com

worldwide.espacenet.com

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

iarc.fr

monographs.iarc.fr

illinois.edu

acshist.scs.illinois.edu

inchem.org

iupac.org

publications.iupac.org

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

orgsyn.org

sciencemadness.org

sigmaaldrich.com

ukim.edu.mk

pmf.ukim.edu.mk

uni-jena.de

ipc.uni-jena.de

web.archive.org

wikidata.org

wikimedia.org

commons.wikimedia.org

  • Bonnard, N.; Brondeau, M. T.; Miraval, S.; Pillière, F.; Protois, J. C.; Schneider, O. "Pyridine" (PDF). Fiche Toxicologique (بالفرنسية). INRS. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-09-20.