Helford، Elyce Rae (2005)، "Feminism"، في Westfahl، Gary (المحرر)، The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy: themes, works and wonders، Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press، ص. 289–291، ISBN:9780313329531. Preview.
برايان ألديس has argued that Frankenstein should be considered the first true science fiction story, because unlike in previous stories with fantastical elements resembling those of later science fiction, the central character "makes a deliberate decision" and "turns to modern experiments in the laboratory" to achieve fantastic results. SeeThe Detached Retina: Aspects of SF and Fantasy by Brian Aldiss (1995), page 78. نسخة محفوظة 24 يناير 2020 على موقع واي باك مشين.
jstor.org
Borgstrom، Michael (Winter 2006). "Face Value: Ambivalent Citizenship in "Iola Leroy"". African American Review. ج. 40 ع. 4: 779–793. JSTOR:40033753.
برايان ألديس has argued that Frankenstein should be considered the first true science fiction story, because unlike in previous stories with fantastical elements resembling those of later science fiction, the central character "makes a deliberate decision" and "turns to modern experiments in the laboratory" to achieve fantastic results. SeeThe Detached Retina: Aspects of SF and Fantasy by Brian Aldiss (1995), page 78. نسخة محفوظة 24 يناير 2020 على موقع واي باك مشين.
