"The stepped design of the Pyramid of Zoser at Saqqara, the oldest known pyramid along the Nile, suggests that it was borrowed from the Mesopotamian ziggurat concept." in Held, Colbert C. (University of Nebraska) (2018). Middle East Patterns, Student Economy Edition: Places, People, and Politics (بالإنجليزية). Routledge. p. 63. ISBN:978-0-429-96199-1. Archived from the original on 2021-04-15. Retrieved 2021-03-17.
"The earliest pyramid was the step pyramid of Djoser (2668-2649 BCE) at Saqqara, and was an evolution of the traditional mastaba tomb, a bench-shaped superstructure" in Booth, Charlotte (29 Apr 2020). How to Survive in Ancient Egypt (بالإنجليزية). Pen and Sword History. p. 13. ISBN:978-1-5267-5352-6.
"Tchogha Zanbil". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-15. It is the largest ziggurat outside of Mesopotamia and the best preserved of this type of stepped pyramidal monument.
web.archive.org
"The stepped design of the Pyramid of Zoser at Saqqara, the oldest known pyramid along the Nile, suggests that it was borrowed from the Mesopotamian ziggurat concept." in Held, Colbert C. (University of Nebraska) (2018). Middle East Patterns, Student Economy Edition: Places, People, and Politics (بالإنجليزية). Routledge. p. 63. ISBN:978-0-429-96199-1. Archived from the original on 2021-04-15. Retrieved 2021-03-17.
