سلطنة سنار (Arabic Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "سلطنة سنار" in Arabic language version.

refsWebsite
Global rank Arabic rank
1st place
1st place
3rd place
8th place
5th place
4th place
5,939th place
367th place
1,505th place
230th place

bibalex.org

modernegypt.bibalex.org

books.google.com

  • Trimingham، J. Spencer (1996). "Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa, till the 19th century". The Last Great Muslim Empires. History of the Muslim World, 3. Abbreviated and adapted by F. R. C. Bagley (ط. 2nd). Princeton, NJ: Markus Wiener Publishers. ص. 167. ISBN:9781558761124. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-01-27. The date when the Funj rulers adopted Islam is not known, but must have been fairly soon after the foundation of Sennār, because they then entered into relations with Muslim groups over a wide area.
  • Welch، Galbraith (1949). North African Prelude: The First Seven Thousand Years. New York: W. Morrow. ص. 463. OCLC:413248. مؤرشف من الأصل (snippet view) في 2020-01-27. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2010-08-12. The government was semirepublican; when a king died the great council picked a successor from among the royal children. Then—presumably to keep the peace—they killed all the rest.
  • Avakov، Alexander V. (2010). Two Thousand Years of Economic Statistics: World Population, GDP, and PPP. New York: Algora Publishing. ص. 18. ISBN:9780875867502. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-01-27.
  • Pinkerton، John (1814). "Poncet's Journey to Abyssinia". A General Collection of the Best and Most Interesting Voyages and Travels in All Parts of the World. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme. ج. Volume 15. ص. 71. OCLC:1397394. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-01-27. {{استشهاد بكتاب}}: |المجلد= يحوي نصًّا زائدًا (مساعدة)
  • McHugh، Neil (1994). Holymen of the Blue Nile: The Making of an Arab-Islamic Community in the Nilotic Sudan, 1500–1850. Series in Islam and Society in Africa. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press. ص. 9. ISBN:9780810110694. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-01-27. The spread of Arabic flowed not only from the dispersion of Arabs but from the unification of the Nile by a government, the Funj sultanate, that utilized Arabic as an official means of communication, and from the use of Arabic as a trade language.

britishmuseum.org

  • Anderson، Julie R. (2008). "A Mamluk Coin from Kulubnarti, Sudan" (PDF). British Museum Studies in Ancient Egypt and Sudan ع. 10: p. 68. مؤرشف من الأصل (نسق المستندات المنقولة) في 2018-10-04. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2010-08-12. Much further to the south, the Funj Sultanate based in Sennar (1504/5–1820), did not mint coins and the markets did not normally use coinage as a form of exchange. Foreign coins themselves were commodities and frequently kept for jewellery. Units of items such as gold, grain, iron, cloth and salt had specific values and were used for trade, particularly on a national level. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: |صفحة= يحتوي على نص زائد (مساعدة)

web.archive.org

  • Trimingham، J. Spencer (1996). "Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa, till the 19th century". The Last Great Muslim Empires. History of the Muslim World, 3. Abbreviated and adapted by F. R. C. Bagley (ط. 2nd). Princeton, NJ: Markus Wiener Publishers. ص. 167. ISBN:9781558761124. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-01-27. The date when the Funj rulers adopted Islam is not known, but must have been fairly soon after the foundation of Sennār, because they then entered into relations with Muslim groups over a wide area.
  • Welch، Galbraith (1949). North African Prelude: The First Seven Thousand Years. New York: W. Morrow. ص. 463. OCLC:413248. مؤرشف من الأصل (snippet view) في 2020-01-27. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2010-08-12. The government was semirepublican; when a king died the great council picked a successor from among the royal children. Then—presumably to keep the peace—they killed all the rest.
  • "فرمان سلطاني إلى محمد علي بتقليده حكم السودان بغير حق التوارث" [Sultanic Firman to Muhammad Ali Appointing Him Ruler of the Sudan Without Hereditary Rights]. مكتبة الإسكندرية الجديدة: Memory of Modern Egypt Digital Archive. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-10-04. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2010-08-12.
  • Avakov، Alexander V. (2010). Two Thousand Years of Economic Statistics: World Population, GDP, and PPP. New York: Algora Publishing. ص. 18. ISBN:9780875867502. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-01-27.
  • Anderson، Julie R. (2008). "A Mamluk Coin from Kulubnarti, Sudan" (PDF). British Museum Studies in Ancient Egypt and Sudan ع. 10: p. 68. مؤرشف من الأصل (نسق المستندات المنقولة) في 2018-10-04. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2010-08-12. Much further to the south, the Funj Sultanate based in Sennar (1504/5–1820), did not mint coins and the markets did not normally use coinage as a form of exchange. Foreign coins themselves were commodities and frequently kept for jewellery. Units of items such as gold, grain, iron, cloth and salt had specific values and were used for trade, particularly on a national level. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: |صفحة= يحتوي على نص زائد (مساعدة)
  • Pinkerton، John (1814). "Poncet's Journey to Abyssinia". A General Collection of the Best and Most Interesting Voyages and Travels in All Parts of the World. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme. ج. Volume 15. ص. 71. OCLC:1397394. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-01-27. {{استشهاد بكتاب}}: |المجلد= يحوي نصًّا زائدًا (مساعدة)
  • McHugh، Neil (1994). Holymen of the Blue Nile: The Making of an Arab-Islamic Community in the Nilotic Sudan, 1500–1850. Series in Islam and Society in Africa. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press. ص. 9. ISBN:9780810110694. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-01-27. The spread of Arabic flowed not only from the dispersion of Arabs but from the unification of the Nile by a government, the Funj sultanate, that utilized Arabic as an official means of communication, and from the use of Arabic as a trade language.

worldcat.org