علامات وأعراض التصلب المتعدد (Arabic Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "علامات وأعراض التصلب المتعدد" in Arabic language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank Arabic rank

38nih.gov

4^th place

6^th place

25doi.org

2^nd place

5^th place

16semanticscholar.org

11^th place

86^th place

9web.archive.org

1^st place

5archive.org

6^th place

3^rd place

2psu.edu

207^th place

462^nd place

1rug.nl

2,779^th place

5,805^th place

1emedicine.com

3,595^th place

3,166^th place

1rcplondon.ac.uk

low place

archive.org

Hennessey A، Robertson NP، Swingler R، Compston DA (1999). "Urinary, faecal and sexual dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis". J. Neurol. ج. 246 ع. 11: 1027–32. DOI:10.1007/s004150050508. PMID:10631634. S2CID:30179761.
Nour S، Svarer C، Kristensen JK، Paulson OB، Law I (2000). "Cerebral activation during micturition in normal men". Brain. ج. 123 ع. 4: 781–9. DOI:10.1093/brain/123.4.781. PMID:10734009.
Sadovnick A، Remick R، Allen J، Swartz E، Yee I، Eisen K، Farquhar R، Hashimoto S، Hooge J، Kastrukoff L، Morrison W، Nelson J، Oger J، Paty D (1996). "Depression and multiple sclerosis". Neurology. ج. 46 ع. 3: 628–32. DOI:10.1212/wnl.46.3.628. PMID:8618657. S2CID:33587300.
The Royal College of Physicians (2004). Multiple Sclerosis. National clinical guideline for diagnosis and management in primary and secondary care. Salisbury, Wiltshire: Sarum ColourView Group. ISBN:978-1-86016-182-7.Free full text نسخة محفوظة 4 أكتوبر 2007 على موقع واي باك مشين.(2004-08-13). Retrieved on 2007-10-01.
Archibald CJ، McGrath PJ، Ritvo PG، وآخرون (1994). "Pain prevalence, severity and impact in a clinic sample of multiple sclerosis patients". Pain. ج. 58 ع. 1: 89–93. DOI:10.1016/0304-3959(94)90188-0. PMID:7970843. S2CID:25295712.

doi.org

Kurtzke JF (1983). "Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: an expanded disability status scale (EDSS)". Neurology. ج. 33 ع. 11: 1444–52. DOI:10.1212/WNL.33.11.1444. PMID:6685237.
Jongen P (2006). "Psychiatric onset of multiple sclerosis". J Neurol Sci. ج. 245 ع. 1–2: 59–62. DOI:10.1016/j.jns.2005.09.014. PMID:16631798. S2CID:33098365.
Paty D، Studney D، Redekop K، Lublin F (1994). "MS COSTAR: a computerized patient record adapted for clinical research purposes". Annals of Neurology. 36 Suppl: S134–5. DOI:10.1002/ana.410360732. PMID:8017875. S2CID:23425667.
Hennessey A، Robertson NP، Swingler R، Compston DA (1999). "Urinary, faecal and sexual dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis". J. Neurol. ج. 246 ع. 11: 1027–32. DOI:10.1007/s004150050508. PMID:10631634. S2CID:30179761.
Burguera-Hernández JA (2000). "[Urinary alterations in multiple sclerosis]". Revista de Neurología (بالإسبانية). 30 (10): 989–92. DOI:10.33588/rn.3010.99371. PMID:10919202.
Betts CD، D'Mellow MT، Fowler CJ (1993). "Urinary symptoms and the neurological features of bladder dysfunction in multiple sclerosis". J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. ج. 56 ع. 3: 245–50. DOI:10.1136/jnnp.56.3.245. PMC:1014855. PMID:8459239.
Nour S، Svarer C، Kristensen JK، Paulson OB، Law I (2000). "Cerebral activation during micturition in normal men". Brain. ج. 123 ع. 4: 781–9. DOI:10.1093/brain/123.4.781. PMID:10734009.
Ayuso-Peralta L, de Andrés C (2002). "[Symptomatic treatment of multiple sclerosis]". Revista de Neurología (بالإسبانية). 35 (12): 1141–53. DOI:10.33588/rn.3512.2002385. PMID:12497297.
Bosma R، Wynia K، Havlíková E، De Keyser J، Middel B (2005). "Efficacy of desmopressin in patients with multiple sclerosis suffering from bladder dysfunction: a meta-analysis" (PDF). Acta Neurol. Scand. ج. 112 ع. 1: 1–5. DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.2005.00431.x. PMID:15932348. S2CID:46673620. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2019-10-29.
DasGupta R، Fowler CJ (2003). "Bladder, bowel and sexual dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: management strategies". Drugs. ج. 63 ع. 2: 153–66. DOI:10.2165/00003495-200363020-00003. PMID:12515563. S2CID:46351374.
Sadovnick A، Remick R، Allen J، Swartz E، Yee I، Eisen K، Farquhar R، Hashimoto S، Hooge J، Kastrukoff L، Morrison W، Nelson J، Oger J، Paty D (1996). "Depression and multiple sclerosis". Neurology. ج. 46 ع. 3: 628–32. DOI:10.1212/wnl.46.3.628. PMID:8618657. S2CID:33587300.
Patten S، Beck C، Williams J، Barbui C، Metz L (2003). "Major depression in multiple sclerosis: a population-based perspective". Neurology. ج. 61 ع. 11: 1524–7. CiteSeerX:10.1.1.581.3646. DOI:10.1212/01.wnl.0000095964.34294.b4. PMID:14663036. S2CID:1602489.
Siegert R، Abernethy D (2005). "Depression in multiple sclerosis: a review". J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. ج. 76 ع. 4: 469–75. DOI:10.1136/jnnp.2004.054635. PMC:1739575. PMID:15774430.
Sadovnick A، Eisen K، Ebers G، Paty D (1991). "Cause of death in patients attending multiple sclerosis clinics". Neurology. ج. 41 ع. 8: 1193–6. DOI:10.1212/wnl.41.8.1193. PMID:1866003. S2CID:31905744.
Bakshi R (2003). "Fatigue associated with multiple sclerosis: diagnosis, impact and management". Mult. Scler. ج. 9 ع. 3: 219–27. DOI:10.1191/1352458503ms904oa. PMID:12814166. S2CID:40931716.
Mohr DC، Hart SL، Goldberg A (2003). "Effects of treatment for depression on fatigue in multiple sclerosis". Psychosomatic Medicine. ج. 65 ع. 4: 542–7. CiteSeerX:10.1.1.318.5928. DOI:10.1097/01.PSY.0000074757.11682.96. PMID:12883103. S2CID:16239318.
Pucci E، Branãs P، D'Amico R، Giuliani G، Solari A، Taus C (2007). Pucci E (المحرر). "Amantadine for fatigue in multiple sclerosis". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews ع. 1: CD002818. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD002818.pub2. PMC:6991937. PMID:17253480.
Weinshenker BG، Penman M، Bass B، Ebers GC، Rice GP (1992). "A double-blind, randomized, crossover trial of pemoline in fatigue associated with multiple sclerosis". Neurology. ج. 42 ع. 8: 1468–71. DOI:10.1212/wnl.42.8.1468. PMID:1641137. S2CID:41990406.
Mathiowetz VG، Finlayson ML، Matuska KM، Chen HY، Luo P (2005). "Randomized controlled trial of an energy conservation course for persons with multiple sclerosis". Mult. Scler. ج. 11 ع. 5: 592–601. DOI:10.1191/1352458505ms1198oa. PMID:16193899. S2CID:33902095.
Matuska K، Mathiowetz V، Finlayson M (2007). "Use and perceived effectiveness of energy conservation strategies for managing multiple sclerosis fatigue". The American Journal of Occupational Therapy. ج. 61 ع. 1: 62–9. DOI:10.5014/ajot.61.1.62. PMID:17302106.
Sepulcre J، Masdeu J، Goñi J، وآخرون (نوفمبر 2008). "Fatigue in multiple sclerosis is associated with the disruption of frontal and parietal pathways". Mult. Scler. ج. 15 ع. 3: 337–44. DOI:10.1177/1352458508098373. PMID:18987107. S2CID:2701289.
Weinshenker BG، Bass B، Rice GP، وآخرون (1989). "The natural history of multiple sclerosis: a geographically based study. I. Clinical course and disability". Brain. ج. 112 ع. 1: 133–46. DOI:10.1093/brain/112.1.133. PMID:2917275.
Freeman JA (2001). "Improving mobility and functional independence in persons with multiple sclerosis". J. Neurol. ج. 248 ع. 4: 255–9. DOI:10.1007/s004150170198. PMID:11374088. S2CID:12461962.
Foley P، Vesterinen H، Laird B، وآخرون (2013). "Prevalence and natural history of pain in adults with multiple sclerosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis". Pain. ج. 154 ع. 5: 632–42. DOI:10.1016/j.pain.2012.12.002. PMID:23318126. S2CID:25807525.
Archibald CJ، McGrath PJ، Ritvo PG، وآخرون (1994). "Pain prevalence, severity and impact in a clinic sample of multiple sclerosis patients". Pain. ج. 58 ع. 1: 89–93. DOI:10.1016/0304-3959(94)90188-0. PMID:7970843. S2CID:25295712.

emedicine.com

Frances M Diro (2006) "Urological Management in Neurological Disease" نسخة محفوظة 2008-10-17 على موقع واي باك مشين.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Kurtzke JF (1983). "Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: an expanded disability status scale (EDSS)". Neurology. ج. 33 ع. 11: 1444–52. DOI:10.1212/WNL.33.11.1444. PMID:6685237.
Navarro S، Mondéjar-Marín B، Pedrosa-Guerrero A، Pérez-Molina I، Garrido-Robres J، Alvarez-Tejerina A (2005). "[Aphasia and parietal syndrome as the presenting symptoms of a demyelinating disease with pseudotumoral lesions]". Rev Neurol. ج. 41 ع. 10: 601–3. PMID:16288423.
Jongen P (2006). "Psychiatric onset of multiple sclerosis". J Neurol Sci. ج. 245 ع. 1–2: 59–62. DOI:10.1016/j.jns.2005.09.014. PMID:16631798. S2CID:33098365.
Paty D، Studney D، Redekop K، Lublin F (1994). "MS COSTAR: a computerized patient record adapted for clinical research purposes". Annals of Neurology. 36 Suppl: S134–5. DOI:10.1002/ana.410360732. PMID:8017875. S2CID:23425667.
Hennessey A، Robertson NP، Swingler R، Compston DA (1999). "Urinary, faecal and sexual dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis". J. Neurol. ج. 246 ع. 11: 1027–32. DOI:10.1007/s004150050508. PMID:10631634. S2CID:30179761.
Burguera-Hernández JA (2000). "[Urinary alterations in multiple sclerosis]". Revista de Neurología (بالإسبانية). 30 (10): 989–92. DOI:10.33588/rn.3010.99371. PMID:10919202.
Betts CD، D'Mellow MT، Fowler CJ (1993). "Urinary symptoms and the neurological features of bladder dysfunction in multiple sclerosis". J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. ج. 56 ع. 3: 245–50. DOI:10.1136/jnnp.56.3.245. PMC:1014855. PMID:8459239.
Nour S، Svarer C، Kristensen JK، Paulson OB، Law I (2000). "Cerebral activation during micturition in normal men". Brain. ج. 123 ع. 4: 781–9. DOI:10.1093/brain/123.4.781. PMID:10734009.
Ayuso-Peralta L, de Andrés C (2002). "[Symptomatic treatment of multiple sclerosis]". Revista de Neurología (بالإسبانية). 35 (12): 1141–53. DOI:10.33588/rn.3512.2002385. PMID:12497297.
Bosma R، Wynia K، Havlíková E، De Keyser J، Middel B (2005). "Efficacy of desmopressin in patients with multiple sclerosis suffering from bladder dysfunction: a meta-analysis" (PDF). Acta Neurol. Scand. ج. 112 ع. 1: 1–5. DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.2005.00431.x. PMID:15932348. S2CID:46673620. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2019-10-29.
The National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions (UK) (2004). "Diagnosis and treatment of specific impairments". Multiple sclerosis: national clinical guideline for diagnosis and management in primary and secondary care. NICE Clinical Guidelines. London: Royal College of Physicians (UK). ج. 8. ص. 87–132. ISBN:978-1-86016-182-7. PMID:21290636. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2013-02-06. {{استشهاد بكتاب}}: روابط خارجية في |عنوان= (مساعدة)
DasGupta R، Fowler CJ (2003). "Bladder, bowel and sexual dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: management strategies". Drugs. ج. 63 ع. 2: 153–66. DOI:10.2165/00003495-200363020-00003. PMID:12515563. S2CID:46351374.
Sadovnick A، Remick R، Allen J، Swartz E، Yee I، Eisen K، Farquhar R، Hashimoto S، Hooge J، Kastrukoff L، Morrison W، Nelson J، Oger J، Paty D (1996). "Depression and multiple sclerosis". Neurology. ج. 46 ع. 3: 628–32. DOI:10.1212/wnl.46.3.628. PMID:8618657. S2CID:33587300.
Patten S، Beck C، Williams J، Barbui C، Metz L (2003). "Major depression in multiple sclerosis: a population-based perspective". Neurology. ج. 61 ع. 11: 1524–7. CiteSeerX:10.1.1.581.3646. DOI:10.1212/01.wnl.0000095964.34294.b4. PMID:14663036. S2CID:1602489.
Siegert R، Abernethy D (2005). "Depression in multiple sclerosis: a review". J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. ج. 76 ع. 4: 469–75. DOI:10.1136/jnnp.2004.054635. PMC:1739575. PMID:15774430.
Sadovnick A، Eisen K، Ebers G، Paty D (1991). "Cause of death in patients attending multiple sclerosis clinics". Neurology. ج. 41 ع. 8: 1193–6. DOI:10.1212/wnl.41.8.1193. PMID:1866003. S2CID:31905744.
Bakshi R (2003). "Fatigue associated with multiple sclerosis: diagnosis, impact and management". Mult. Scler. ج. 9 ع. 3: 219–27. DOI:10.1191/1352458503ms904oa. PMID:12814166. S2CID:40931716.
Mohr DC، Hart SL، Goldberg A (2003). "Effects of treatment for depression on fatigue in multiple sclerosis". Psychosomatic Medicine. ج. 65 ع. 4: 542–7. CiteSeerX:10.1.1.318.5928. DOI:10.1097/01.PSY.0000074757.11682.96. PMID:12883103. S2CID:16239318.
Pucci E، Branãs P، D'Amico R، Giuliani G، Solari A، Taus C (2007). Pucci E (المحرر). "Amantadine for fatigue in multiple sclerosis". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews ع. 1: CD002818. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD002818.pub2. PMC:6991937. PMID:17253480.
Weinshenker BG، Penman M، Bass B، Ebers GC، Rice GP (1992). "A double-blind, randomized, crossover trial of pemoline in fatigue associated with multiple sclerosis". Neurology. ج. 42 ع. 8: 1468–71. DOI:10.1212/wnl.42.8.1468. PMID:1641137. S2CID:41990406.
Mathiowetz VG، Finlayson ML، Matuska KM، Chen HY، Luo P (2005). "Randomized controlled trial of an energy conservation course for persons with multiple sclerosis". Mult. Scler. ج. 11 ع. 5: 592–601. DOI:10.1191/1352458505ms1198oa. PMID:16193899. S2CID:33902095.
Matuska K، Mathiowetz V، Finlayson M (2007). "Use and perceived effectiveness of energy conservation strategies for managing multiple sclerosis fatigue". The American Journal of Occupational Therapy. ج. 61 ع. 1: 62–9. DOI:10.5014/ajot.61.1.62. PMID:17302106.
Sepulcre J، Masdeu J، Goñi J، وآخرون (نوفمبر 2008). "Fatigue in multiple sclerosis is associated with the disruption of frontal and parietal pathways". Mult. Scler. ج. 15 ع. 3: 337–44. DOI:10.1177/1352458508098373. PMID:18987107. S2CID:2701289.
Weinshenker BG، Bass B، Rice GP، وآخرون (1989). "The natural history of multiple sclerosis: a geographically based study. I. Clinical course and disability". Brain. ج. 112 ع. 1: 133–46. DOI:10.1093/brain/112.1.133. PMID:2917275.
Freeman JA (2001). "Improving mobility and functional independence in persons with multiple sclerosis". J. Neurol. ج. 248 ع. 4: 255–9. DOI:10.1007/s004150170198. PMID:11374088. S2CID:12461962.
Foley P، Vesterinen H، Laird B، وآخرون (2013). "Prevalence and natural history of pain in adults with multiple sclerosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis". Pain. ج. 154 ع. 5: 632–42. DOI:10.1016/j.pain.2012.12.002. PMID:23318126. S2CID:25807525.
Archibald CJ، McGrath PJ، Ritvo PG، وآخرون (1994). "Pain prevalence, severity and impact in a clinic sample of multiple sclerosis patients". Pain. ج. 58 ع. 1: 89–93. DOI:10.1016/0304-3959(94)90188-0. PMID:7970843. S2CID:25295712.
Kerns RD، Kassirer M، Otis J (2002). "Pain in multiple sclerosis: a biopsychosocial perspective". Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development. ج. 39 ع. 2: 225–32. PMID:12051466.

nlm.nih.gov

Information from the USA National library of medicine on alfuzosin نسخة محفوظة 2008-10-01 على موقع واي باك مشين.
Information from the USA National library of medicine on trospium نسخة محفوظة 2008-10-01 على موقع واي باك مشين.
Information from the USA National library of medicine on flavoxate نسخة محفوظة 1 أكتوبر 2008 على موقع واي باك مشين.
Information from the USA National library of medicine on desmopressin [1] نسخة محفوظة 2008-10-01 على موقع واي باك مشين.
Amantadine. US National Library of Medicine (Medline) (2003-04-01). Retrieved on 2007-10-07. نسخة محفوظة 2008-10-01 على موقع واي باك مشين.
Pemoline. US National Library of Medicine (Medline) (2006-01-01). Retrieved on 2007-10-07. نسخة محفوظة 12 أكتوبر 2007 على موقع واي باك مشين.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Betts CD، D'Mellow MT، Fowler CJ (1993). "Urinary symptoms and the neurological features of bladder dysfunction in multiple sclerosis". J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. ج. 56 ع. 3: 245–50. DOI:10.1136/jnnp.56.3.245. PMC:1014855. PMID:8459239.
The National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions (UK) (2004). "Diagnosis and treatment of specific impairments". Multiple sclerosis: national clinical guideline for diagnosis and management in primary and secondary care. NICE Clinical Guidelines. London: Royal College of Physicians (UK). ج. 8. ص. 87–132. ISBN:978-1-86016-182-7. PMID:21290636. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2013-02-06. {{استشهاد بكتاب}}: روابط خارجية في |عنوان= (مساعدة)
Siegert R، Abernethy D (2005). "Depression in multiple sclerosis: a review". J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. ج. 76 ع. 4: 469–75. DOI:10.1136/jnnp.2004.054635. PMC:1739575. PMID:15774430.
Pucci E، Branãs P، D'Amico R، Giuliani G، Solari A، Taus C (2007). Pucci E (المحرر). "Amantadine for fatigue in multiple sclerosis". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews ع. 1: CD002818. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD002818.pub2. PMC:6991937. PMID:17253480.

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Patten S، Beck C، Williams J، Barbui C، Metz L (2003). "Major depression in multiple sclerosis: a population-based perspective". Neurology. ج. 61 ع. 11: 1524–7. CiteSeerX:10.1.1.581.3646. DOI:10.1212/01.wnl.0000095964.34294.b4. PMID:14663036. S2CID:1602489.
Mohr DC، Hart SL، Goldberg A (2003). "Effects of treatment for depression on fatigue in multiple sclerosis". Psychosomatic Medicine. ج. 65 ع. 4: 542–7. CiteSeerX:10.1.1.318.5928. DOI:10.1097/01.PSY.0000074757.11682.96. PMID:12883103. S2CID:16239318.

rcplondon.ac.uk

The Royal College of Physicians (2004). Multiple Sclerosis. National clinical guideline for diagnosis and management in primary and secondary care. Salisbury, Wiltshire: Sarum ColourView Group. ISBN:978-1-86016-182-7.Free full text نسخة محفوظة 4 أكتوبر 2007 على موقع واي باك مشين.(2004-08-13). Retrieved on 2007-10-01.

rug.nl

pure.rug.nl

Bosma R، Wynia K، Havlíková E، De Keyser J، Middel B (2005). "Efficacy of desmopressin in patients with multiple sclerosis suffering from bladder dysfunction: a meta-analysis" (PDF). Acta Neurol. Scand. ج. 112 ع. 1: 1–5. DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.2005.00431.x. PMID:15932348. S2CID:46673620. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2019-10-29.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Jongen P (2006). "Psychiatric onset of multiple sclerosis". J Neurol Sci. ج. 245 ع. 1–2: 59–62. DOI:10.1016/j.jns.2005.09.014. PMID:16631798. S2CID:33098365.
Paty D، Studney D، Redekop K، Lublin F (1994). "MS COSTAR: a computerized patient record adapted for clinical research purposes". Annals of Neurology. 36 Suppl: S134–5. DOI:10.1002/ana.410360732. PMID:8017875. S2CID:23425667.
Hennessey A، Robertson NP، Swingler R، Compston DA (1999). "Urinary, faecal and sexual dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis". J. Neurol. ج. 246 ع. 11: 1027–32. DOI:10.1007/s004150050508. PMID:10631634. S2CID:30179761.
Bosma R، Wynia K، Havlíková E، De Keyser J، Middel B (2005). "Efficacy of desmopressin in patients with multiple sclerosis suffering from bladder dysfunction: a meta-analysis" (PDF). Acta Neurol. Scand. ج. 112 ع. 1: 1–5. DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.2005.00431.x. PMID:15932348. S2CID:46673620. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2019-10-29.
DasGupta R، Fowler CJ (2003). "Bladder, bowel and sexual dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: management strategies". Drugs. ج. 63 ع. 2: 153–66. DOI:10.2165/00003495-200363020-00003. PMID:12515563. S2CID:46351374.
Sadovnick A، Remick R، Allen J، Swartz E، Yee I، Eisen K، Farquhar R، Hashimoto S، Hooge J، Kastrukoff L، Morrison W، Nelson J، Oger J، Paty D (1996). "Depression and multiple sclerosis". Neurology. ج. 46 ع. 3: 628–32. DOI:10.1212/wnl.46.3.628. PMID:8618657. S2CID:33587300.
Patten S، Beck C، Williams J، Barbui C، Metz L (2003). "Major depression in multiple sclerosis: a population-based perspective". Neurology. ج. 61 ع. 11: 1524–7. CiteSeerX:10.1.1.581.3646. DOI:10.1212/01.wnl.0000095964.34294.b4. PMID:14663036. S2CID:1602489.
Sadovnick A، Eisen K، Ebers G، Paty D (1991). "Cause of death in patients attending multiple sclerosis clinics". Neurology. ج. 41 ع. 8: 1193–6. DOI:10.1212/wnl.41.8.1193. PMID:1866003. S2CID:31905744.
Bakshi R (2003). "Fatigue associated with multiple sclerosis: diagnosis, impact and management". Mult. Scler. ج. 9 ع. 3: 219–27. DOI:10.1191/1352458503ms904oa. PMID:12814166. S2CID:40931716.
Mohr DC، Hart SL، Goldberg A (2003). "Effects of treatment for depression on fatigue in multiple sclerosis". Psychosomatic Medicine. ج. 65 ع. 4: 542–7. CiteSeerX:10.1.1.318.5928. DOI:10.1097/01.PSY.0000074757.11682.96. PMID:12883103. S2CID:16239318.
Weinshenker BG، Penman M، Bass B، Ebers GC، Rice GP (1992). "A double-blind, randomized, crossover trial of pemoline in fatigue associated with multiple sclerosis". Neurology. ج. 42 ع. 8: 1468–71. DOI:10.1212/wnl.42.8.1468. PMID:1641137. S2CID:41990406.
Mathiowetz VG، Finlayson ML، Matuska KM، Chen HY، Luo P (2005). "Randomized controlled trial of an energy conservation course for persons with multiple sclerosis". Mult. Scler. ج. 11 ع. 5: 592–601. DOI:10.1191/1352458505ms1198oa. PMID:16193899. S2CID:33902095.
Sepulcre J، Masdeu J، Goñi J، وآخرون (نوفمبر 2008). "Fatigue in multiple sclerosis is associated with the disruption of frontal and parietal pathways". Mult. Scler. ج. 15 ع. 3: 337–44. DOI:10.1177/1352458508098373. PMID:18987107. S2CID:2701289.
Freeman JA (2001). "Improving mobility and functional independence in persons with multiple sclerosis". J. Neurol. ج. 248 ع. 4: 255–9. DOI:10.1007/s004150170198. PMID:11374088. S2CID:12461962.
Foley P، Vesterinen H، Laird B، وآخرون (2013). "Prevalence and natural history of pain in adults with multiple sclerosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis". Pain. ج. 154 ع. 5: 632–42. DOI:10.1016/j.pain.2012.12.002. PMID:23318126. S2CID:25807525.
Archibald CJ، McGrath PJ، Ritvo PG، وآخرون (1994). "Pain prevalence, severity and impact in a clinic sample of multiple sclerosis patients". Pain. ج. 58 ع. 1: 89–93. DOI:10.1016/0304-3959(94)90188-0. PMID:7970843. S2CID:25295712.

web.archive.org

Information from the USA National library of medicine on alfuzosin نسخة محفوظة 2008-10-01 على موقع واي باك مشين.
Information from the USA National library of medicine on trospium نسخة محفوظة 2008-10-01 على موقع واي باك مشين.
Information from the USA National library of medicine on flavoxate نسخة محفوظة 1 أكتوبر 2008 على موقع واي باك مشين.
Bosma R، Wynia K، Havlíková E، De Keyser J، Middel B (2005). "Efficacy of desmopressin in patients with multiple sclerosis suffering from bladder dysfunction: a meta-analysis" (PDF). Acta Neurol. Scand. ج. 112 ع. 1: 1–5. DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.2005.00431.x. PMID:15932348. S2CID:46673620. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2019-10-29.
Information from the USA National library of medicine on desmopressin [1] نسخة محفوظة 2008-10-01 على موقع واي باك مشين.
Frances M Diro (2006) "Urological Management in Neurological Disease" نسخة محفوظة 2008-10-17 على موقع واي باك مشين.
The Royal College of Physicians (2004). Multiple Sclerosis. National clinical guideline for diagnosis and management in primary and secondary care. Salisbury, Wiltshire: Sarum ColourView Group. ISBN:978-1-86016-182-7.Free full text نسخة محفوظة 4 أكتوبر 2007 على موقع واي باك مشين.(2004-08-13). Retrieved on 2007-10-01.
Amantadine. US National Library of Medicine (Medline) (2003-04-01). Retrieved on 2007-10-07. نسخة محفوظة 2008-10-01 على موقع واي باك مشين.
Pemoline. US National Library of Medicine (Medline) (2006-01-01). Retrieved on 2007-10-07. نسخة محفوظة 12 أكتوبر 2007 على موقع واي باك مشين.