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علم التخلق (Arabic Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "علم التخلق" in Arabic language version.

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112nih.gov
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27doi.org
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17web.archive.org
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7harvard.edu
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4archive.org
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2inserm.fr
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1almaany.com
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1ldlp-dictionary.com
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1theguardian.com
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1wikidata.org
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1prospect-magazine.co.uk
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1oup.com
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1roadmapepigenomics.org
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1books.google.com
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1ucsd.edu
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1social-psychology.de
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1bio-medicine.org
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1uzh.ch
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1genetics.org
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1the-scientist.com
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almaany.com

  • Team, Almaany. "ترجمة و معنى epigenetics بالعربي في قاموس المعاني. قاموس عربي انجليزي مصطلحات صفحة 1". www.almaany.com (بالإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 2020-04-11. Retrieved 2020-04-11.

archive.org

  • Waddington CH (1942). "The epigenotype". Endeavour. ج. 1: 18–20. "لغرض دراسة الوراثة، العلاقة بين الأنماط الظاهرية والأنماط الجينية [...] هي -من وجهة نظر بيولوجية أوسع- ذات أهمية حاسمة لأنها نواة مشكل النمو بالكامل. أدرك العديد من علماء الجينات هذا الأمر وحاولوا اكتشاف العمليات التي لها دور في الآلية التي تُحدث بها جيناتُ نمط جينيٍ تأثيرات النمط الظاهري. الخطوة الأولى في مشروع كهذا هي -أو يجب أن تكون، لأنها غالبا ما تُهمَل من قبل أولائك الذين لديهم احترام مفرط لقوى المنطق- وصف ما يمكن رؤيته من العمليات النمائية. لدراساتٍ من هذا النوع تم صياغة مصطلح علم الجينات الظاهري (phenogenetics) بواسطة هيكر سنة 1918. الجزء الثاني والأهم من المهمة هو اكتشاف الآليات المسببة أثناء عملها، وربطها بأقصى قدر ممكن بما اكتشفه علم الأجنة التجريبي حتى الآن من آليات النمو. ربما نستخدم مصطلح علم مافوق الجينات (epigenetics) لمثل هذه الدراسات -وبالتالي التأكيد على علاقتها مع المفاهيم- المفضِّلة بشدة للنظرية الكلاسيكية للتخلق الفوقي، والتي تم تحقيقها بواسطة الأخصاء في علم الأجنة التجريبي. علينا بالتأكيد التذكر بأن بين النمط الجيني والنمط الظاهري وبين الربط بينهما تتواجد عمليات نمو معقدة، ومن المناسب إطلاق إسم على هذا المعقد، وتسمية 'نمط جيني فوقي' (epigenotype) تبدو مناسبة."
  • Riggs AD، Martienssen RA، Russo VE (1996). Epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation. Plainview, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. ص. 1–4. ISBN:978-0-87969-490-6.[بحاجة لرقم الصفحة]
  • Gottlieb G (1991). "Epigenetic systems view of human development". Developmental Psychology. ج. 27 ع. 1: 33–34. DOI:10.1037/0012-1649.27.1.33.
  • Erikson، Erik (1968). Identity: Youth and Crisis. Chapter 3: W.W. Norton and Company. ص. 92. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-06-03.{{استشهاد بكتاب}}: صيانة الاستشهاد: مكان (link)

bio-medicine.org

  • "Epigenetics". Bio-Medicine.org. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-11-18. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2011-05-21.

books.google.com

doi.org

genetics.org

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

inserm.fr

ldlp-dictionary.com

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

  • Dupont C، Armant DR، Brenner CA (سبتمبر 2009). "Epigenetics: definition, mechanisms and clinical perspective". Seminars in Reproductive Medicine. ج. 27 ع. 5: 351–7. DOI:10.1055/s-0029-1237423. PMC:2791696. PMID:19711245. في المعنى الأصلي لهذا التعريف، يشير علم ما فوق الجينات إلى المسارات الجزيئية التي تعديل التعبير عن نمط جيني إلى نمط ظاهري معين. وخلال الأعوام التالية ومع النمو والتطور السريع في علم الجينات، تم حصر معنى المصطلح بقدر كبير، وأصبح تعريف علم ما فوق الجينات المقبول عموما اليوم هو "دراسة التغيرات في وظيفة الجين التي يتم توريثها بالانقسام المتساوي أو المنصف والتي لا تنطوي على تغيُّرٍ في تسلسل الدنا".
  • Berger SL، Kouzarides T، Shiekhattar R، Shilatifard A (أبريل 2009). "An operational definition of epigenetics". Genes & Development. ج. 23 ع. 7: 781–3. DOI:10.1101/gad.1787609. PMC:3959995. PMID:19339683.
  • Alvarez-Buylla ER، Chaos A، Aldana M، Benítez M، Cortes-Poza Y، Espinosa-Soto C، وآخرون (3 نوفمبر 2008). "Floral morphogenesis: stochastic explorations of a gene network epigenetic landscape". PLOS ONE. ج. 3 ع. 11: e3626. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.3626A. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0003626. PMC:2572848. PMID:18978941.
  • Friedl AA، Mazurek B، Seiler DM (2012). "Radiation-induced alterations in histone modification patterns and their potential impact on short-term radiation effects". Frontiers in Oncology. ج. 2: 117. DOI:10.3389/fonc.2012.00117. PMC:3445916. PMID:23050241.{{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: صيانة الاستشهاد: دوي مجاني غير معلم (link)
  • Cuozzo C، Porcellini A، Angrisano T، Morano A، Lee B، Di Pardo A، وآخرون (يوليو 2007). "DNA damage, homology-directed repair, and DNA methylation". PLOS Genetics. ج. 3 ع. 7: e110. DOI:10.1371/journal.pgen.0030110. PMC:1913100. PMID:17616978.{{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: صيانة الاستشهاد: دوي مجاني غير معلم (link)
  • O'Hagan HM، Mohammad HP، Baylin SB (أغسطس 2008). Lee JT (المحرر). "Double strand breaks can initiate gene silencing and SIRT1-dependent onset of DNA methylation in an exogenous promoter CpG island". PLOS Genetics. ج. 4 ع. 8: e1000155. DOI:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000155. PMC:2491723. PMID:18704159.{{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: صيانة الاستشهاد: دوي مجاني غير معلم (link)
  • Gottschalk AJ، Timinszky G، Kong SE، Jin J، Cai Y، Swanson SK، وآخرون (أغسطس 2009). "Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation directs recruitment and activation of an ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. ج. 106 ع. 33: 13770–4. Bibcode:2009PNAS..10613770G. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0906920106. PMC:2722505. PMID:19666485.
  • Lin JC، Jeong S، Liang G، Takai D، Fatemi M، Tsai YC، وآخرون (نوفمبر 2007). "Role of nucleosomal occupancy in the epigenetic silencing of the MLH1 CpG island". Cancer Cell. ج. 12 ع. 5: 432–44. DOI:10.1016/j.ccr.2007.10.014. PMC:4657456. PMID:17996647.
  • Tabish AM، Poels K، Hoet P، Godderis L (2012). Chiariotti L (المحرر). "Epigenetic factors in cancer risk: effect of chemical carcinogens on global DNA methylation pattern in human TK6 cells". PLOS ONE. ج. 7 ع. 4: e34674. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...734674T. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0034674. PMC:3324488. PMID:22509344.{{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: صيانة الاستشهاد: دوي مجاني غير معلم (link)
  • Burdge GC، Hoile SP، Uller T، Thomas NA، Gluckman PD، Hanson MA، Lillycrop KA (2011). Imhof A (المحرر). "Progressive, transgenerational changes in offspring phenotype and epigenotype following nutritional transition". PLOS ONE. ج. 6 ع. 11: e28282. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...628282B. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0028282. PMC:3227644. PMID:22140567.{{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: صيانة الاستشهاد: دوي مجاني غير معلم (link)
  • Olaharski AJ، Rine J، Marshall BL، Babiarz J، Zhang L، Verdin E، Smith MT (ديسمبر 2005). "The flavoring agent dihydrocoumarin reverses epigenetic silencing and inhibits sirtuin deacetylases". PLOS Genetics. ج. 1 ع. 6: e77. DOI:10.1371/journal.pgen.0010077. PMC:1315280. PMID:16362078.{{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: صيانة الاستشهاد: دوي مجاني غير معلم (link)
  • Verma M، Rogers S، Divi RL، Schully SD، Nelson S، Joseph Su L، وآخرون (فبراير 2014). "Epigenetic research in cancer epidemiology: trends, opportunities, and challenges". Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. ج. 23 ع. 2: 223–33. DOI:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0573. PMC:3925982. PMID:24326628.
  • Slotkin RK, Martienssen R (April 2007). "Transposable elements and the epigenetic regulation of the genome". Nature Reviews Genetics 8 (4): 272–85.doi:10.1038/nrg2072. ببمد: 17363976.
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  • Chahwan R, Wontakal SN, Roa S (March 2011). "The multidimensional nature of epigenetic information and its role in disease". Discov Med 11 (58): 233–43.ببمد: 21447282.
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  • http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24292232 (see comment by Gonzalo Otazu) نسخة محفوظة 2020-04-04 على موقع واي باك مشين.
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