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Clifford، William (1878). "Applications of Grassmann's extensive algebra". American Journal of Mathematics. ج. 1 ع. 4: 350–358. DOI:10.2307/2369379. JSTOR:2369379.
Norman L. Biggs؛ Edward Keith Lloyd؛ Robin James Wilson (1976). Graph Theory: 1736-1936. Oxford University Press. ص. 67. ISBN:978-0-19-853916-2. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-01-31. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2013-07-30.