Кафява мечка (Bulgarian Wikipedia)

Kanellopoulos, N., Mertzanis, G., Korakis, G. & Panagiotopoulou, M. Selective habitat use by brown bear (Ursus arctos L.) in northern Pindos, Greece // Journal of Biological Research 5. 2006. с. 23 – 33. Архивиран от оригинала на 2012-03-04. Посетен на 2017-06-17.

cienciaynaturaleza.com.ar

Charilaos Pilides. Brown bear (Ursus arctos) conservation and genetics in northern Greece // Greek NGO Callisto, 2014. Посетен на 19 ноември 2014. (на английски)^{[неработеща препратка]}

coe.int

wcd.coe.int

Swenson, J. E. (2000). Action plan for the conservation of the brown bear in Europe (Ursus arctos) (No. 18 – 114). Council of Europe.

consumer.es

revista.consumer.es

La recuperació del rei dels boscos

csic.es

digital.csic.es

Palomares, F. and Caro, T. M. Interspecific Killing among Mammalian Carnivores // The American Naturalist 153 (5). 1999. DOI:10.1086/303189. с. 492.

depana.org

DEPANA Архив на оригинала от 2011-07-25 в Wayback Machine. – detailed distribution maps and census information from 2009 (на каталонски).

dnevnik.bg

https://www.dnevnik.bg/zelen/2012/09/09/1900791_mitorazbivach_za_mechka_struvnica/

doi.org

dx.doi.org

Boitani, L. и др. Change the IUCN Protected Area Categories to Reflect Biodiversity Outcomes. // PLoS Biology 6 (3). 2008. DOI:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060066. с. 436 – 438.
Farhadinia, Mohammad Sadegh и др. A preliminary baseline status of the Syrian Brown Bear Ursus arctos syriacus (Mammalia: Carnivora: Ursidae) in Golestanak, northern Iran. // Journal of Threatened Taxa 7 (1). 2015. DOI:10.11609/jott.o3708.6796-9. с. 6796 – 6799.
Murtskhvaladze, M. и др. Geographic and genetic boundaries of brown bear (Ursus arctos) population in the Caucasus // Molecular Ecology 19 (9). 2010. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04610.x. с. 1829 – 1841.
Bellemain, EVA и др. Estimating Population Size of Elusive Animals with DNA from Hunter-Collected Feces: Four Methods for Brown Bears // Conservation Biology 19. 2005. DOI:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00549.x. с. 150.
Nawaz, M. A., Martin, J., & Swenson, J. E. Identifying key habitats to conserve the threatened brown bear in the Himalaya // Biological Conservation 170. 2014. DOI:10.1016/j.biocon.2013.12.031. с. 198. Архивиран от оригинала на 2016-09-10.
Aryal, A., Hopkins III, J. B., Raubenheimer, D., Ji, W., & Brunton, D. Distribution and diet of brown bears in the upper Mustang Region, Nepal // Ursus 23 (2). 2012. DOI:10.2192/URSUS-D-11-00015.1. с. 231.^{[неработеща препратка]}
Kistchinski, A. A. 'Life history of the brown bear (Ursus arctos L.) in north-east Siberia // Bears: Their Biology and Management 2. 1972. DOI:10.2307/3872570. с. 67.
Nomura, Fuyuki и др. Effects of food distribution on the habitat usage of a female brown bear Ursus arctos yesoensis in a beech‐forest zone of northernmost Japan // Ecological Research 15 (2). 2000. DOI:10.1046/j.1440-1703.2000.00342.x. с. 209 – 217.
Sato, Y., Kobayashi, Y., Urata, T., & Takatsuki, S. Home range and habitat use of female brown bear (Ursus arctos) in Urahoro, eastern Hokkaido, Japan // Mammal Study 33 (3). 2008. DOI:[99:HRAHUO2.0.CO;2 10.3106/1348-6160(2008)33[99:HRAHUO]2.0.CO;2]. с. 99.
Davison, J., Ho, S. Y., Bray, S. C., Korsten, M., Tammeleht, E., Hindrikson, M., Ostbye, E., Lauritzen, S.-E., Austin, J., Cooper, A. & Saarma, U. Late-Quaternary biogeographic scenarios for the brown bear (Ursus arctos), a wild mammal model species // Quaternary Science Reviews 30 (3 – 4). 2011. DOI:10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.11.023. с. 418.
Hofreiter, M., & Stewart, J. Ecological Change, Range Fluctuations and Population Dynamics during the Pleistocene // Current Biology 19 (14). 2009. DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2009.06.030. с. R584–94.
Laidre, K. L., Stirling, I., Lowry, L. F., Wiig, Ø., Heide-Jørgensen, M. P., & Ferguson, S. H. Quantifying the Sensitivity of Arctic Marine Mammals to Climate-Induced Habitat Change // Ecological Applications 18 (2 Suppl). 2008. DOI:10.1890/06-0546.1. с. S97–125.
Kerr, J., & Packer, L. The Impact of Climate Change on Mammal Diversity in Canada // Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 49 (2/3). 1998. DOI:10.1023/A:1005846910199. с. 263.
Miller, W., Schuster, S. C., Welch, A. J., Ratan, A., Bedoya-Reina, O. C., Zhao, F., Kima, H.L., Burhansa, R.C., Drautzb, D.I., Wittekindtb, N.E., Tomshoa, L.P., Ibarra-Laclettee, E., Herrera-Estrellae, L., Peacockf, E., Farleyg, S., Sagef, G.K., Rodeh, K., Obbardi, M., Montiele, R., Bachmannj, L., Ingólfssonk, Ó., Aarsm, J., Mailundn, T., Wiigj, Ø., Talbotf, S.L. & Lindqvist. C. Polar and brown bear genomes reveal ancient admixture and demographic footprints of past climate change // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109 (36). 2012. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1210506109. с. E2382–90.
Ancient DNA evidence for the loss of a highly divergent brown bear clade during historical times // Mol. Ecol. 17 (8). 2008. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.03631.x. с. 1962 – 1970.
Waits, L.P. Mitochondrial DNA Phylogeography of the North American Brown Bear and Implications for Conservation // Conservation Biology 12 (2). 1998. DOI:10.1111/j.1523-1739.1998.96351.x. с. 408 – 417.
Valdiosera, C. E. и др. Staying out in the cold: Glacial refugia and mitochondrial DNA phylogeography in ancient European brown bears // Molecular Ecology 16 (24). 2007. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03590.x. с. 5140 – 5148.
Zedrosser, A., Steyaert, S. M., Gossow, H., & Swenson, J. E. Brown bear conservation and the ghost of persecution past // Biological Conservation 144 (9). 2011. DOI:10.1016/j.biocon.2011.05.005. с. 2163. Архивиран от оригинала на 2018-11-13.
Hair characteristics of four Indian bear species // Science & Justice 48 (1). 2008. DOI:10.1016/j.scijus.2007.05.001. с. 8 – 15.
Christiansen, Per. Feeding ecology and morphology of the upper canines in bears (carnivora: Ursidae) // Journal of Morphology 269 (7). 2008. DOI:10.1002/jmor.10643. с. 896 – 908.
Eruption of cheek teeth in insectivora and carnivora // Journal of Mammalogy 55 (1). 1974. DOI:10.2307/1379261. с. 115 – 25.
Sacco, Tyson и др. Ecomorphological indicators of feeding behaviour in the bears (Carnivora: Ursidae) // Journal of Zoology 263. 2004. DOI:10.1017/S0952836904004856. с. 41.
Christiansen, P. Evolutionary implications of bite mechanics and feeding ecology in bears // Journal of Zoology 272 (4). 2007. DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00286.x. с. 423.
Hissa, R., Siekkinen, J., Hohtola, E., Saarela, S., Hakala, A., & Pudas, J. Seasonal patterns in the physiology of the European brown bear (Ursus arctos arctos) in Finland // Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology 109 (3). 1994. DOI:10.1016/0300-9629(94)90222-4. с. 781 – 791.
McLellan, B. N. Implications of a high-energy and low-protein diet on the body composition, fitness, and competitive abilities of black (Ursus americanus) and grizzly (Ursus arctos) bears // Canadian Journal of Zoology 89 (6). 2011. DOI:10.1139/z11-026. с. 546 – 558.
Fitzgerald, Christopher S. и др. Helarctos malayanus // Mammalian Species 696. 2002. DOI:<0001:HM>2.0.CO;2 10.1644/1545-1410(2002)696<0001:HM>2.0.CO;2. с. 1. Архивиран от оригинала на 2016-03-04. Посетен на 2017-06-15.
Panthera leo // Mammalian Species 762. 2005. DOI:[0001:PL2.0.CO;2 10.1644/1545-1410(2005)762[0001:PL]2.0.CO;2]. с. 1 – 11. Архивиран от оригинала на 2017-07-28.
Swenson, Jon E. и др. Brown bear body mass and growth in northern and southern Europe // Oecologia 153 (1). 2007. DOI:10.1007/s00442-007-0715-1. с. 37 – 47. Архивиран от оригинала на 2022-10-09.
Steyaert, Sam M. J. G. и др. The mating system of the brown bear Ursus arctos // Mammal Review 42. 2012. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2907.2011.00184.x. с. 12.
Hilderbrand, G. V., Schwartz, C. C., Robbins, C. T., Jacoby, M. E., Hanley, T. A., Arthur, S. M., & Servheen, C. The importance of meat, particularly salmon, to body size, population productivity, and conservation of North American brown bears // Canadian Journal of Zoology 77. 1999. DOI:10.1139/z98-195. с. 132. Архивиран от оригинала на 2016-12-21.
Kaczensky, P., Blazic, M., & Gossow, H. Public attitudes towards brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Slovenia // Biological Conservation 118 (5). 2004. DOI:10.1016/j.biocon.2003.10.015. с. 661.
Jacoby, M. E., Hilderbrand, G. V., Servheen, C., Schwartz, C. C., Arthur, S. M., Hanley, T. A., Robbins, C.T. & Michener, R. Trophic relations of brown and black bears in several western North American ecosystems // The Journal of Wildlife Management 63 (3). 1999. DOI:10.2307/3802806. с. 921.
Tough, S. C., & Butt, J. C. A review of fatal bear maulings in Alberta, Canada // The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology 14 (1). 1993. DOI:10.1097/00000433-199303000-00005. с. 22 – 7.
Hall, E. R. Geographic variation among brown and grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) in North America. 1984. DOI:10.5962/bhl.title.4054.
Reproductive characteristics of brown bears on the Oshima peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan // Journal of Mammalogy 83 (4). 2002. DOI:<1026:RCOBBO>2.0.CO;2 10.1644/1545-1542(2002)083<1026:RCOBBO>2.0.CO;2. с. 1026 – 1034.
Nawaz, Muhammad Ali и др. Pragmatic management increases a flagship species, the Himalayan brown bears, in Pakistan's Deosai National Park // Biological Conservation 141 (9). 2008. DOI:10.1016/j.biocon.2008.06.012. с. 2230.
Derocher, A. E., & Wiig, Ø. Postnatal growth in body length and mass of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) at Svalbard // Journal of Zoology 256 (3). 2002. DOI:10.1017/S0952836902000377. с. 343.
Deecke, V. B. Tool-use in the brown bear (Ursus arctos) // Animal Cognition 15 (4). 2012. DOI:10.1007/s10071-012-0475-0. с. 725 – 30.
Klinka, D. R., & Reimchen, T. E. Nocturnal and diurnal foraging behaviour of brown bears (Ursus arctos) on a salmon stream in coastal British Columbia // Canadian Journal of Zoology 80 (8). 2002. DOI:10.1139/z02-123. с. 1317.
Moe, T. F., Kindberg, J., Jansson, I., & Swenson, J. E. Importance of diel behaviour when studying habitat selection: examples from female Scandinavian brown bears (Ursus arctos) // Canadian Journal of Zoology 85 (4). 2007. DOI:10.1139/Z07-034. с. 518.
Kaczensky, P., Huber, D., Knauer, F., Roth, H., Wagner, A., & Kusak, J. Activity patterns of brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Slovenia and Croatia // Journal of Zoology 269 (4). 2006. DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00114.x. с. 474.
Kingsley, M. C. S., Nagy, J. A., & Russell, R. H. Patterns of weight gain and loss for grizzly bears in northern Canada // Bears: Their Biology and Management 5. 1983. DOI:10.2307/3872535. с. 174.
Farley, S. D., & Robbins, C. T. Lactation, hibernation, and mass dynamics of American black bears and grizzly bears // Canadian Journal of Zoology 73 (12). 1995. DOI:10.1139/z95-262. с. 2216.
Evans, A. L., Sahlén, V., Støen, O. G., Fahlman, Å., Brunberg, S., Madslien, K., Forbert, O., Swenson, J.E. & Arnemo, J. M. Capture, anesthesia, and disturbance of free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos) during hibernation // PLoS ONE 7 (7). 2012. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0040520. с. e40520.
Dahle, B., & Swenson, J. E. Seasonal range size in relation to reproductive strategies in brown bears Ursus arctos // Journal of Animal Ecology 72 (4). 2003. DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2656.2003.00737.x. с. 660.
Bellemain, Eva и др. Mating Strategies in Relation to Sexually Selected Infanticide in a Non-Social Carnivore: The Brown Bear // Ethology 112 (3). 2006. DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.2006.01152.x. с. 238 – 246. Архивиран от оригинала на 2022-10-09.
Bidon, T. и др. Brown and Polar Bear Y Chromosomes Reveal Extensive Male-Biased Gene Flow within Brother Lineages // Molecular Biology and Evolution 31 (6). 2014. DOI:10.1093/molbev/msu109. с. 1353 – 63.
Egbert, Allan L. и др. The social behaviour of brown bears on an Alaskan salmon stream (PDF) // International Conference Bear Res. and Manage 3. 1974. DOI:10.2307/3872753. с. 41 – 56. Архивиран от оригинала на 2015-07-17.
Sandell, M. The mating tactics and spacing patterns of solitary carnivores // Carnivore behavior, ecology, and evolution. Springer, 1989. ISBN 978-1-4613-0855-3. DOI:10.1007/978-1-4613-0855-3_7. с. 164 – 182.
Gau, R. J., McLoughlin, P. D., Case, R., Cluff, H. D., Mulders, R., & Messier, F. Movements of subadult male grizzly bears, Ursus arctos, in the central Canadian arctic // The Canadian Field-Naturalist 118 (2). 2004. DOI:10.22621/cfn.v118i2.920. с. 239 – 242.
Herrero, S., & Hamer, D. Courtship and copulation of a pair of grizzly bears, with comments on reproductive plasticity and strategy // Journal of Mammalogy 58 (3). 1977. DOI:10.2307/1379352. с. 441 – 444.
Halloran, D. W., & Pearson, A. M. Blood chemistry of the brown bear (Ursus arctos) from southwestern Yukon Territory, Canada // Canadian Journal of Zoology 50 (6). 1972. DOI:10.1139/z72-112. с. 827 – 833.
Morphological Characteristics of the Ovary, Uterus and Embryo during the Delayed Implantation Period in the Hokkaido Brown Bear (Ursus arctos yesoensis) // Journal of Reproduction and Development 39 (4). 1993. DOI:10.1262/jrd.39.325. с. 325 – 331.
Stringham, S. F. Grizzly bear reproductive rate relative to body size // Bears: Their Biology and Management 8. 1990. DOI:10.2307/3872948. с. 433 – 443. Архивиран от оригинала на 2022-10-09.
Steyaert, S. M., Endrestol, A., Hacklaender, K., Swenson, J. E., & Zedrosser, A. The mating system of the brown bear Ursus arctos // Mammal Review 42 (1). 2012. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2907.2011.00184.x. с. 12 – 34.
Stringham, S. F. Grizzly bear reproductive rate relative to body size // Bears: Their Biology and Management 8. 1990. DOI:10.2307/3872948. с. 433 – 443. Архивиран от оригинала на 2022-10-09.
Dahle, B., Zedrosser, A., & Swenson, J. E. Correlates with body size and mass in yearling brown bears (Ursus arctos) // Journal of Zoology 269 (3). 2006. DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00127.x. с. 273 – 283.
Erickson, A. W., & Miller, L. H. Cub adoption in the brown bear // Journal of Mammalogy 44 (4). 1963. DOI:10.2307/1377153. с. 584 – 585.
Gittleman, J. L. Female brain size and parental care in carnivores // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 91 (12). 1994. DOI:10.1073/pnas.91.12.5495. с. 5495 – 5497.
Dahle, B., & Swenson, J. E. Family breakup in brown bears: are young forced to leave? // Journal of Mammalogy 84 (2). 2003. DOI:<0536:FBIBBA>2.0.CO;2 10.1644/1545-1542(2003)084<0536:FBIBBA>2.0.CO;2. с. 536 – 540.
Bellemain, E., Zedrosser, A., Manel, S., Waits, L. P., Taberlet, P., & Swenson, J. E. The dilemma of female mate selection in the brown bear, a species with sexually selected infanticide // Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences 273 (1584). 2006. DOI:10.1098/rspb.2005.3331. с. 283 – 291.
Mörner, T., Eriksson, H., Bröjer, C., Nilsson, K., Uhlhorn, H., Ågren, E., af Segerstad, C.H., Jansson, D.S. & Gavier-Widén, D. Diseases and mortality in free-ranging brown bear (Ursus arctos), gray wolf (Canis lupus), and wolverine (Gulo gulo) in Sweden // Journal of wildlife diseases 41 (2). 2005. DOI:10.7589/0090-3558-41.2.298. с. 298 – 303.
Schwartz, C. C., Haroldson, M. A., White, G. C., Harris, R. B., Cherry, S., Keating, K. A., Moody, D. & Servheen, C. Temporal, Spatial, and Environmental Influences on the Demographics of Grizzly Bears in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem // Wildlife Monographs 161. 2006. DOI:[1:TSAEIO2.0.CO;2 10.2193/0084-0173(2006)161[1:TSAEIO]2.0.CO;2]. с. 1.
Palomares, F. and Caro, T. M. Interspecific Killing among Mammalian Carnivores // The American Naturalist 153 (5). 1999. DOI:10.1086/303189. с. 492.
Lynn L. Rogers, Susanne M. Rogers. Third International Conference on Bears // Third International Conference on Bears 42 (2). 2005. DOI:10.1.1.552.5288. с. 421.
Rode, K. D., Robbins, C. T., & Shipley, L. A. Constraints on herbivory by grizzly bears // Oecologia 128 (1). 2001. DOI:10.1007/s004420100637. с. 62 – 71.
Ambarlı, H. Litter size and basic diet of brown bears (Ursus arctos, Carnivora) in northeastern Turkey // Mammalia 80 (2). 2016. DOI:10.1515/mammalia-2014-0111.
Naves, J., Fernández-Gil, A., Rodríguez, C., & Delibes, M. Brown Bear Food Habits at the Border of Its Range: A Long-Term Study // Journal of Mammalogy 87 (5). 2006. DOI:10.1644/05-MAMM-A-318R2.1. с. 899.
McLellan, B. N., & Hovey, F. W. The diet of grizzly bears in the Flathead River drainage of southeastern British Columbia // Canadian Journal of Zoology 73 (4). 1995. DOI:10.1139/z95-082. с. 704.
Mace, R. D., & Jonkel, C. J. Local Food Habits of the Grizzly Bear in Montana // Bears: Their Biology and Management 6. 1986. DOI:10.2307/3872813. с. 105 – 110. Архивиран от оригинала на 2010-12-03.
Barboza, P. S., Farley, S. D., & Robbins, C. T. Whole-body urea cycling and protein turnover during hyperphagia and dormancy in growing bears (Ursus americanus and U. arctos) // Canadian Journal of Zoology 75 (12). 1997. DOI:10.1139/z97-848. с. 2129.
Bunnell, F. L., & Hamilton, T. Forage digestibility and fitness in grizzly bears // Bears: Their Biology and Management 7. 1987. DOI:10.2307/3872625. с. 187 – 197. Архивиран от оригинала на 2010-12-03.
Clevenger, A. P., Purroy, F. J., & Pelton, M. R. Food habits of brown bears (Ursus arctos) in the Cantabrian Mountains, Spain // Journal of Mammalogy 73 (#2). 1992. DOI:10.2307/1382077. с. 415 – 421.
Ciucci, P., Tosoni, E., Di Domenico, G., Quattrociocchi, F., & Boitani, L. Seasonal and annual variation in the food habits of Apennine brown bears, central Italy // Journal of Mammalogy 95 (#3). 2014. DOI:10.1644/13-MAMM-A-218. с. 572.
Mattson, D. J., & Reinhart, D. P. Excavation of Red Squirrel Middens by Grizzly Bears in the Whitebark Pine Zone // The Journal of Applied Ecology 34 (#4). 1997. DOI:10.2307/2405283. с. 926 – 940.
Mattson, D. J., Blanchard, B. M., & Knight, R. R. Yellowstone Grizzly Bear Mortality, Human Habituation, and Whitebark Pine Seed Crops // The Journal of Wildlife Management 56 (#3). 1992. DOI:10.2307/3808855. с. 432 – 442.
Paralikidis, N. P., Papageorgiou, N. K., Kontsiotis, V. J., & Tsiompanoudis, A. C. The dietary habits of the brown bear (Ursus arctos) in western Greece // Mammalian Biology – Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde 75. 2010. DOI:10.1016/j.mambio.2009.03.010. с. 29.
Frąckowiak, W., & Gula, R. The autumn and spring diet of brown bear Ursus arctos in the Bieszczady Mountains of Poland // Acta Theriologica 37 (#4). 1992. DOI:10.4098/at.arch.92-34. с. 339 – 344.
Ohdachi, S., & Aoi, T. Food habits of brown bears in Hokkaido, Japan // Bears: Their Biology and Management 7. 1987. DOI:10.2307/3872627. с. 215 – 220.
Rode, K. D., & Robbins, C. T. Why bears consume mixed diets during fruit abundance // Canadian Journal of Zoology 78 (#9). 2000. DOI:10.1139/z00-082. с. 1640.
Mattson, D. J., Gillin, C. M., Benson, S. A., & Knight, R. R. Bear feeding activity at alpine insect aggregation sites in the Yellowstone ecosystem // Canadian Journal of Zoology 69 (#9). 1991. DOI:10.1139/z91-341. с. 2430.
White, Jr, D., Kendall, K. C., & Picton, H. D. Grizzly bear feeding activity at alpine army cutworm moth aggregation sites in northwest Montana // Canadian Journal of Zoology 76 (#2). 1998. DOI:10.1139/z97-185. с. 221.
Swenson, J. E., Jansson, A., Riig, R., & Sandegren, F. Bears and ants: Myrmecophagy by brown bears in central Scandinavia // Canadian Journal of Zoology 77 (#4). 1999. DOI:10.1139/z99-004. с. 551.
Große, C., Kaczensky, P., & Knauer, F. Ants: A food source sought by Slovenian brown bears (Ursus arctos)? // Canadian Journal of Zoology 81 (#12). 2003. DOI:10.1139/z03-151. с. 1996.
Munro, R. H. M., Nielsen, S. E., Price, M. H., Stenhouse, G. B., & Boyce, M. S. Seasonal and Diel Patterns of Grizzly Bear Diet and Activity in West-Central Alberta // Journal of Mammalogy 87 (#6). 2006. DOI:10.1644/05-MAMM-A-410R3.1. с. 1112.
Smith, T. S., & Partridge, S. T. Dynamics of Intertidal Foraging by Coastal Brown Bears in Southwestern Alaska // Journal of Wildlife Management 68 (#2). 2004. DOI:[0233:DOIFBC2.0.CO;2 10.2193/0022-541X(2004)068[0233:DOIFBC]2.0.CO;2]. с. 233.
Mattson, D. J., & Reinhart, D. P. Influences of cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki) on behaviour and reproduction of Yellowstone grizzly bears (Ursus arctos), 1975 – 1989 // Canadian Journal of Zoology 73 (#11). 1995. DOI:10.1139/z95-244. с. 2072.
Ruzycki, J. R., Beauchamp, D. A., & Yule, D. L. Effects of Introduced Lake Trout on Native Cutthroat Trout in Yellowstone Lake // Ecological Applications 13. 2003. DOI:[0023:EOILTO2.0.CO;2 10.1890/1051-0761(2003)013[0023:EOILTO]2.0.CO;2]. с. 23 – 37.
Mowat, G., & Heard, D. C. Major components of grizzly bear diet across North America // Canadian Journal of Zoology 84 (#3). 2006. DOI:10.1139/z06-016. с. 473.
Ruggerone, G. T., Hanson, R., & Rogers, D. E. Selective predation by brown bears (Ursus arctos) foraging on spawning sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) // Canadian Journal of Zoology 78 (#6). 2000. DOI:10.1139/z00-024. с. 974.
Helfield, J. M., & Naiman, R. J. Keystone Interactions: Salmon and Bear in Riparian Forests of Alaska // Ecosystems 9 (#2). 2006. DOI:10.1007/s10021-004-0063-5. с. 167.
Dickerson, B. R., Quinn, T. P., & Willson, M. F. Body size, arrival date, and reproductive success of pink salmon, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha // Ethology Ecology & Evolution 14. 2002. DOI:10.1080/08927014.2002.9522759. с. 29.
Van Daele, M. B., Robbins, C. T., Semmens, B. X., Ward, E. J., Van Daele, L. J., & Leacock, W. B. Salmon consumption by Kodiak brown bears (Ursus arctos middendorffi) with ecosystem management implications // Canadian Journal of Zoology 91 (#3). 2013. DOI:10.1139/cjz-2012-0221. с. 164.
Van Daele, L. J., Barnes Jr, V. G., & Belant, J. L. Ecological flexibility of brown bears on Kodiak Island, Alaska // Ursus 23. 2012. DOI:10.2192/URSUS-D-10-00022.1. с. 21.
Gende, S. M., Quinn, T. P., & Willson, M. F. Consumption choice by bears feeding on salmon // Oecologia 127 (#3). 2001. DOI:10.1007/s004420000590. с. 372 – 382.
Ben-David, M., Titus, K., & Beier, L. R. ween nutritional requirements and the risk of infanticide?. Consumption of salmon by Alaskan brown bears: A trade-off bet // Oecologia 138 (#3). 2004. DOI:10.1007/s00442-003-1442-x. с. 465 – 74.
Barker, O. E., & Derocher, A. E. Brown bear (Ursus arctos) predation of broad whitefish (Coregonus nasus) in the Mackenzie Delta region, Northwest Territories // ARCTIC 62 (#3). 2009. DOI:10.14430/arctic151.
Feeding patterns of barren-ground grizzly bears in the central Canadian Arctic // Arctic 55 (#4). 2002. DOI:10.14430/arctic717. с. 339 – 344. Архивиран от оригинала на 2018-11-13.
Mattson, D. J. Consumption of voles and vole food caches by Yellowstone grizzly bears: exploratory analyses // Ursus 15 (#2). 2004. DOI:<0218:COVAVF>2.0.CO;2 10.2192/1537-6176(2004)015<0218:COVAVF>2.0.CO;2. с. 218 – 226.
Mattson, D. J. Exploitation of Pocket Gophers and Their Food Caches by Grizzly Bears // Journal of Mammalogy 85 (#4). 2004. DOI:10.1644/BJK-125. с. 731.
Aichun, X., Zhigang, J., Chunwang, L., Jixun, G., Guosheng, W., & Ping, C. Summer food habits of brown bears in Kekexili Nature Reserve, Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, China // Ursus 17 (#2). 2006. DOI:[132:SFHOBB2.0.CO;2 10.2192/1537-6176(2006)17[132:SFHOBB]2.0.CO;2]. с. 132 – 137.
Rosell, F., Bozser, O., Collen, P., & Parker, H. Ecological impact of beavers Castor fiber and Castor canadensis and their ability to modify ecosystems // Mammal Review 35 (#3 – 4). 2005. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2907.2005.00067.x. с. 248 – 276.
Oldfield, C. C., McHenry, C. R., Clausen, P. D., Chamoli, U., Parr, W. C. H., Stynder, D. D., & Wroe, S. Finite element analysis of ursid cranial mechanics and the prediction of feeding behaviour in the extinct giant Agriotherium africanum // Journal of Zoology 286 (#2). 2012. DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00862.x. с. 171.
Sidorovich, V. E. Ecological studies on brown bear (Ursus arctos) in Belarus: distribution, population trends and dietary structure // Acta Zoologica Lituanica 16 (#3). 2006. DOI:10.1080/13921657.2006.10512729. с. 185.
Boertje, R. D., Gasaway, W. C., Grangaard, D. V., & Kelleyhouse, D. G. Predation on moose and caribou by radio-collared grizzly bears in east central Alaska // Canadian Journal of Zoology 66 (#11). 1988. DOI:10.1139/z88-369. с. 2492.
Vulla, E., Hobson, K. A., Korsten, M., Leht, M., Martin, A. J., Lind, A., Mannil, P., Valdmann, H. & Saarma, U. Carnivory is Positively Correlated with Latitude among Omnivorous Mammals: Evidence from Brown Bears, Badgers and Pine Martens // Annales Zoologici Fennici 46 (#6). 2009. DOI:10.5735/086.046.0601. с. 395.
French, S. P. и др. Predatory behavior of grizzly bears feeding on elk calves in Yellowstone National Park, 1986 – 1988 (PDF) // International Conf. Bear Res. And Manage 8. 1990. DOI:10.2307/3872937. с. 335 – 341. Архивиран от оригинала на 2022-10-09.
Gunther, K. A., & Renkin, R. A. Grizzly Bear Predation on Elk Calves and Other Fauna of Yellowstone National Park // Bears: Their Biology and Management 8. 1990. DOI:10.2307/3872936. с. 329.
Zager, P., & Beecham, J. The role of American black bears and brown bears as predators on ungulates in North America // Ursus 17 (#2). 2006. DOI:[95:TROABB2.0.CO;2 10.2192/1537-6176(2006)17[95:TROABB]2.0.CO;2]. с. 95 – 108.
Mattson, D. J., Blanchard, B. M., & Knight, R. R. Food habits of Yellowstone grizzly bears, 1977 – 1987 // Canadian Journal of Zoology 69 (#6). 1991. DOI:10.1139/z91-226. с. 1619.
Leslie, D. M., & Schaller, G. B. Bos grunniens and Bos mutus (Artiodactyla: Bovidae // Mammalian Species 836. 2009. DOI:10.1644/836.1. с. 1 – 17. Архивиран от оригинала на 2021-08-30.
Gunn, A., & Miller, F. L. Muskox bull killed by a barren-ground grizzly bear, Thelon Game Sanctuary, NWT // Arctic 35 (#4). 1982. DOI:10.14430/arctic2364. с. 545 – 546. Архивиран от оригинала на 2018-11-13.
Okarma, H., Jędrzejewska, B., Jędrzejewski, W., Krasiński, Z. A., & Miłkowski, L. The roles of predation, snow cover, acorn crop, and man-related factors on ungulate mortality in Białowieża Primeval Forest, Poland // Acta Theriologica 40 (#2). 1995. DOI:10.4098/at.arch.95-20. с. 197 – 217.
Dahle, B., Wallin, K., Cederlund, G., Persson, I. L., Selvaag, L. S., & Swenson, J. E. Predation on adult moose Alces alces by European brown bears Ursus arctos // Wildlife Biology 19 (#2). 2013. DOI:10.2981/10-113. с. 165.
Mattson, D. J. Use of ungulates by Yellowstone grizzly bears Ursus arctos // Biological Conservation 81. 1997. DOI:10.1016/S0006-3207(96)00142-5. с. 161.
Mattson, D. J. Use of ungulates by Yellowstone grizzly bears Ursus arctos // Biological Conservation 81 (#1). 1997. DOI:10.1016/s0006-3207(96)00142-5. с. 161 – 177.
Zidon, R., Saltz, D., Shore, L. S., and Motro, U. Behavioral changes, stress, and survival following reintroduction of Persian fallow deer from two breeding facilities // Conservation Biology 23 (#4). 2009. DOI:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01163.x. с. 1026 – 35.
Lewis, T. M., & Lafferty, D. J. Brown bears and wolves scavenge humpback whale carcass in Alaska // Ursus 25. 2014. DOI:10.2192/URSUS-D-14-00004.1. с. 8.
Selva, N., Berezowska-Cnota, T., & Elguero-Claramunt, I. Unforeseen Effects of Supplementary Feeding: Ungulate Baiting Sites as Hotspots for Ground-Nest Predation // PLoS ONE 9 (#3). 2014. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0090740. с. e90740.
Tanaka, K., & Mori, A. Literature Survey on Predators of Snakes in Japan // Current Herpetology 19 (#2). 2000. DOI:10.5358/hsj.19.97. с. 97 – 111.
Clevenger, A. P., Campos, M. A., & Hartasanchez, A. Brown bear Ursus arctos predation on livestock in the Cantabrian Mountains, Spain // Acta Theriologica 39. 1994. DOI:10.4098/AT.arch.94-30. с. 267.
Peirce, K. N., & Van Daele, L. J. Use of a garbage dump by brown bears in Dillingham, Alaska // Ursus 17 (#2). 2006. DOI:[165:uoagdb2.0.co;2 10.2192/1537-6176(2006)17[165:uoagdb]2.0.co;2]. с. 165 – 177.
Robbins, C. T., Schwartz, C. C., & Felicetti, L. A. Nutritional ecology of ursids: A review of newer methods and management implications // Ursus 15 (#2). 2004. DOI:<0161:NEOUAR>2.0.CO;2 10.2192/1537-6176(2004)015<0161:NEOUAR>2.0.CO;2. с. 161 – 171. Архивиран от оригинала на 2022-10-09.

environmental-studies.de

Madic, J., Huber, D., Lugovic B. Serologic survey for selected viral and rickettsial agents of broun bears (Ursus arctos) in Croatia // Journal of Wildlife Diseases. Архивиран от оригинала на 2021-08-30. Посетен на 1993. (на английски)

fws.gov

Polar bear, (Ursus maritimus) (PDF) // U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Appearance.(Overview page)
Kodiak Brown Bear- Kodiak- U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service // U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.

ghostarchive.org

McLellan, B.N. and D. Reiner. A review of bear evolution // Int. Conf. Bear Res. and Manage. 9: pp. 85 – 96, 1994. Архивиран от оригинала на 2022-10-09. Посетен на 22 ноември 2014. (на английски)
McLellan, Bruce и др. A Review of bear evolution (PDF) // Int. Conf. Bear Res. And Manage 9 (1). 1994. с. 85 – 96. Архивиран от оригинала на 2022-10-09.
Swenson, Jon E. и др. Brown bear body mass and growth in northern and southern Europe // Oecologia 153 (1). 2007. DOI:10.1007/s00442-007-0715-1. с. 37 – 47. Архивиран от оригинала на 2022-10-09.
Zedrosser, A., Dahle, B., Swenson, J. E., & Gerstl, N. Status and management of the brown bear in Europe // Ursus 12. 2001. с. 9 – 20. Архивиран от оригинала на 2022-10-09.
Bellemain, Eva и др. Mating Strategies in Relation to Sexually Selected Infanticide in a Non-Social Carnivore: The Brown Bear // Ethology 112 (3). 2006. DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0310.2006.01152.x. с. 238 – 246. Архивиран от оригинала на 2022-10-09.
Female brown bear with six cubs // International Bear News 14 (2). 2005. с. 17. Архивиран от оригинала на 2022-10-09.
Stringham, S. F. Grizzly bear reproductive rate relative to body size // Bears: Their Biology and Management 8. 1990. DOI:10.2307/3872948. с. 433 – 443. Архивиран от оригинала на 2022-10-09.
Stringham, S. F. Grizzly bear reproductive rate relative to body size // Bears: Their Biology and Management 8. 1990. DOI:10.2307/3872948. с. 433 – 443. Архивиран от оригинала на 2022-10-09.
French, S. P. и др. Predatory behavior of grizzly bears feeding on elk calves in Yellowstone National Park, 1986 – 1988 (PDF) // International Conf. Bear Res. And Manage 8. 1990. DOI:10.2307/3872937. с. 335 – 341. Архивиран от оригинала на 2022-10-09.
Chauhan, N. P. S. Human casualties and livestock depredation by black and brown bears in the Indian Himalaya, 1989 – 98 // Ursus. 2003. с. 84 – 87. Архивиран от оригинала на 2022-10-09.
Robbins, C. T., Schwartz, C. C., & Felicetti, L. A. Nutritional ecology of ursids: A review of newer methods and management implications // Ursus 15 (#2). 2004. DOI:<0161:NEOUAR>2.0.CO;2 10.2192/1537-6176(2004)015<0161:NEOUAR>2.0.CO;2. с. 161 – 171. Архивиран от оригинала на 2022-10-09.

gov.nt.ca

enr.gov.nt.ca

Edwards, M. (2005). Ecology of Grizzly Bears (Ursus arctos) in the Mackenzie Delta oil and gas development area Архив на оригинала от 23 август 2016 в Wayback Machine.. University of Alberta, Department of Biological Sciences.

hokkaido.lg.jp

pref.hokkaido.lg.jp

Higuma Population Estimates pref.hokkaido.lg.jp (2 декември 2015)

hokudai.ac.jp

eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp

Aoi, T. Seasonal change in food habits of Ezo brown bear (Ursus arctos yesoensis Lydekker) in northern Hokkaido // Research Bulletins of the College Experiment Forests, Hokkaido University 42 (#4). 1985. с. 721 – 732.

itis.gov

iucn.org

portals.iucn.org

Chapman, J. A., & Flux, J. E. (1990). Rabbits, hares and pikas: status survey and conservation action plan. IUCN.

iucnredlist.org

apiv3.iucnredlist.org

Ursus arctos (Linnaeus, 1758). // IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Посетен на 2 януари 2023 г. (на английски)
McLellan, B.N., Servheen, C. & Huber, D. Ursus arctos // IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. International Union for Conservation of Nature, 2008. Посетен на 27 януари 2009. (на английски)

ivb.cz

Saniga, M. Nest loss and chick mortality in capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) and hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia) in West Carpathians // Folia Zoologica 51 (#3). 2002. с. 205 – 214. Архивиран от оригинала на 2018-11-13. Посетен на 2019-07-01.

jst.go.jp

jstage.jst.go.jp

Sato, Y., Kobayashi, Y., Urata, T., & Takatsuki, S. Home range and habitat use of female brown bear (Ursus arctos) in Urahoro, eastern Hokkaido, Japan // Mammal Study 33 (3). 2008. DOI:[99:HRAHUO2.0.CO;2 10.3106/1348-6160(2008)33[99:HRAHUO]2.0.CO;2]. с. 99.
Morphological Characteristics of the Ovary, Uterus and Embryo during the Delayed Implantation Period in the Hokkaido Brown Bear (Ursus arctos yesoensis) // Journal of Reproduction and Development 39 (4). 1993. DOI:10.1262/jrd.39.325. с. 325 – 331.
Tanaka, K., & Mori, A. Literature Survey on Predators of Snakes in Japan // Current Herpetology 19 (#2). 2000. DOI:10.5358/hsj.19.97. с. 97 – 111.

kora.ch

Bear Online Information System for Europe Архив на оригинала от 2021-06-14 в Wayback Machine.. Kora.ch. Посетен на 15 септември 2011.

mammalogy.org

Leslie, D. M., & Schaller, G. B. Bos grunniens and Bos mutus (Artiodactyla: Bovidae // Mammalian Species 836. 2009. DOI:10.1644/836.1. с. 1 – 17. Архивиран от оригинала на 2021-08-30.

mechka-smolyan.com

РИОСВ Смолян. Дългосрочна програма от мерки за намаляване на щетите от мечки и други едри хищници на територията на РИОСВ Смолян (2014 – 2023) // 2014. Архивиран от оригинала на 2014-11-30. Посетен на 19 ноември 2014.

mednscience.org

Barber, S. M., Mech, L. D., & White, P. J. Bears remain top summer predators // Yellowstone Science 13 (#3). 2005. с. 37 – 44. Архивиран от оригинала на 2018-11-13.

nationalgeographic.com

voices.nationalgeographic.com

Neal Lineback and Mandy Lineback Gritzner. Geography in the News: Grizzlies’ Territory // National Geographic, 2013. Посетен на 22 ноември 2014. (на английски)^{[неработеща препратка]}

nina.no

www1.nina.no

Ozolins, J. (2003). Action plan for the conservation of brown bear (Ursus arctos) in Latvia. State Forest Research Institute ‘‘Silava’’, Salaspils, Latvia.

nps.gov

Gende, S. M., Quinn, T. P., & Willson, M. F. Consumption choice by bears feeding on salmon // Oecologia 127 (#3). 2001. DOI:10.1007/s004420000590. с. 372 – 382.

panda.org

wwf.panda.org

Brown Bear – Population & Distribution: A Truly International Species // wwf.panda.org. Посетен на 19 ноември 2010.

panthera.org

Miquelle, Dale G. Food habits of Amur tigers in the Sikhote-Alin Zapovednik and the Russian Far East, and implications for conservation // Journal of Wildlife Research 1 (#2). 1996. с. 138. Архивиран от оригинала на 1 November 2012.

parkscanadahistory.com

Mundy, K. R. D., & Flook, D. R. (1973). Background for managing grizzly bears in the national parks of Canada. Information Canada. p. 34

picos-accommodation.co.uk

The Cantabrian Brown Bear Ursus arctos arctos Архив на оригинала от 2012-03-22 в Wayback Machine.. picos-accommodation.co.uk.

poznanieto.bg

https://poznanieto.bg/interesno/kakvo-e-mechka-strvnicza-predstavlyava-li-opasnost-za-choveka/

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Lynn L. Rogers, Susanne M. Rogers. Third International Conference on Bears // Third International Conference on Bears 42 (2). 2005. DOI:10.1.1.552.5288. с. 421.

rcin.org.pl

Frąckowiak, W., & Gula, R. The autumn and spring diet of brown bear Ursus arctos in the Bieszczady Mountains of Poland // Acta Theriologica 37 (#4). 1992. DOI:10.4098/at.arch.92-34. с. 339 – 344.
Okarma, H., Jędrzejewska, B., Jędrzejewski, W., Krasiński, Z. A., & Miłkowski, L. The roles of predation, snow cover, acorn crop, and man-related factors on ungulate mortality in Białowieża Primeval Forest, Poland // Acta Theriologica 40 (#2). 1995. DOI:10.4098/at.arch.95-20. с. 197 – 217.
Clevenger, A. P., Campos, M. A., & Hartasanchez, A. Brown bear Ursus arctos predation on livestock in the Cantabrian Mountains, Spain // Acta Theriologica 39. 1994. DOI:10.4098/AT.arch.94-30. с. 267.

researchgate.net

Sathyakumar, S. Status and management of Asiatic black bear and Himalayan brown bear in India // Ursus 12. 2001. с. 21 – 29.
Hissa, R., Siekkinen, J., Hohtola, E., Saarela, S., Hakala, A., & Pudas, J. Seasonal patterns in the physiology of the European brown bear (Ursus arctos arctos) in Finland // Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology 109 (3). 1994. DOI:10.1016/0300-9629(94)90222-4. с. 781 – 791.
Kaczensky, P., Blazic, M., & Gossow, H. Public attitudes towards brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Slovenia // Biological Conservation 118 (5). 2004. DOI:10.1016/j.biocon.2003.10.015. с. 661.
Moe, T. F., Kindberg, J., Jansson, I., & Swenson, J. E. Importance of diel behaviour when studying habitat selection: examples from female Scandinavian brown bears (Ursus arctos) // Canadian Journal of Zoology 85 (4). 2007. DOI:10.1139/Z07-034. с. 518.
Brown bear litter sizes in Croatia // Ursus. 2001. с. 103 – 105.
Swenson, J. E., Dahle, B., & Sandegren, F. Intraspecific predation in Scandinavian brown bears older than cubs-of-the-year // Ursus 12. 2001. с. 81 – 91.
Keane, R. E., & Arno, S. F. Rapid decline of whitebark pine in western Montana: evidence from 20-year remeasurements // Western Journal of Applied Forestry 8 (#2). 1993. с. 44 – 47.
Ohdachi, S., & Aoi, T. Food habits of brown bears in Hokkaido, Japan // Bears: Their Biology and Management 7. 1987. DOI:10.2307/3872627. с. 215 – 220.
Diet and food habits of the brown bear (Ursus arctos L.) in Polish eastern Carpathians // Journal Wildlife Research 2 (#2). 1997. с. 154 – 160.
Gunther, K. A., & Renkin, R. A. Grizzly Bear Predation on Elk Calves and Other Fauna of Yellowstone National Park // Bears: Their Biology and Management 8. 1990. DOI:10.2307/3872936. с. 329.
Odden, J., Smith, M. E., Aanes, R., & Swenson, J. E. Large carnivores that kill livestock: do" problem individuals" really exist? // Wildlife Society Bulletin 27 (#3). 1999. с. 698 – 705.
Dahle, B. и др. The diet of brown bears Ursus arctos in central Scandinavia: effect of access to free-ranging domestic sheep Ovis aries // Wildlife Biology 4 (#3). 1998. с. 147 – 158.

russianbearhunt.com

Brown Bear Hunting in Russia // Russianbearhunt.com. Архивиран от оригинала на 20 март 2007.

sciencedirect.com

Population Genomics Reveal Recent Speciation and Rapid Evolutionary Adaptation in Polar Bears

seh-herpetology.org

herpetologynotes.seh-herpetology.org

Krofel, M. Predation and partial consumption of an adult Hermann's tortoise (Testudo hermanni Gmelin, 1789) by a brown bear (Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758) // Herpetology Notes 5. 2012. с. 499 – 501. Архивиран от оригинала на 2019-08-07. Посетен на 2019-07-01.

sekj.org

Chestin, I. E., Gubar, Y. P., Sokolov, V. E., & Lobachev, V. S. The brown bear (Ursus arctos L.) in the USSR: numbers, hunting and systematics // Annales zoologici fennici. 1992. с. 57 – 68.

selmy.cz

Rigg, R., & Adamec, M. (2007). "Status, ecology and management of the brown bear (Ursus arctos) in Slovakia" Архив на оригинала от 2019-08-07 в Wayback Machine.. Slovak Wildlife Society, Liptovský Hrádok.

semanticscholar.org

pdfs.semanticscholar.org

Hilderbrand, G. V., Schwartz, C. C., Robbins, C. T., Jacoby, M. E., Hanley, T. A., Arthur, S. M., & Servheen, C. The importance of meat, particularly salmon, to body size, population productivity, and conservation of North American brown bears // Canadian Journal of Zoology 77. 1999. DOI:10.1139/z98-195. с. 132. Архивиран от оригинала на 2016-12-21.

sfu.ca

journals.sfu.ca

Gau, R. J., McLoughlin, P. D., Case, R., Cluff, H. D., Mulders, R., & Messier, F. Movements of subadult male grizzly bears, Ursus arctos, in the central Canadian arctic // The Canadian Field-Naturalist 118 (2). 2004. DOI:10.22621/cfn.v118i2.920. с. 239 – 242.

shadowofthebear.com

Brown Bear Reproduction // Shadowofthebear.com. Архивиран от оригинала на 1 май 2008.

smith.edu

science.smith.edu

Mammalian Species – Ursus arctos (PDF) // American Society of Mammalogists, Smith College. Архивиран от оригинала на 2017-03-31. Посетен на 2017-02-06.
Fitzgerald, Christopher S. и др. Helarctos malayanus // Mammalian Species 696. 2002. DOI:<0001:HM>2.0.CO;2 10.1644/1545-1410(2002)696<0001:HM>2.0.CO;2. с. 1. Архивиран от оригинала на 2016-03-04. Посетен на 2017-06-15.
Panthera leo // Mammalian Species 762. 2005. DOI:[0001:PL2.0.CO;2 10.1644/1545-1410(2005)762[0001:PL]2.0.CO;2]. с. 1 – 11. Архивиран от оригинала на 2017-07-28.

springer.com

link.springer.com

C. Nowak, C. Domokos, A. Dutsov, C. Frosch. Molecular evidence for historic long-distance translocations of brown bears in the Balkan region // Conservation Genetics, June 2014. Посетен на 20 ноември 2014. (на английски)

state.ak.us

dced.state.ak.us

Alaska is bear territory! // Alaska Office of Economic Development. Dced.state.ak.us. Архивиран от оригинала на 2009-04-15. Посетен на 2018-12-30.

suurpedot.fi

Karhu // suurpedot.fi. Архивиран от оригинала на 2014-11-07. Посетен на 22 октомври 2010. (на фински)

threatenedtaxa.in

Farhadinia, Mohammad Sadegh и др. A preliminary baseline status of the Syrian Brown Bear Ursus arctos syriacus (Mammalia: Carnivora: Ursidae) in Golestanak, northern Iran. // Journal of Threatened Taxa 7 (1). 2015. DOI:10.11609/jott.o3708.6796-9. с. 6796 – 6799.

ttu.edu

nsrl.ttu.edu

Brown Grizzly or Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) // Mammals of Texas – Online Edition. Архивиран от оригинала на 2019-11-23. Посетен на 2017-06-17.

tufts.edu

perseus.tufts.edu

Liddell, Henry George and Scott, Robert. "Ursus." A Latin Dictionary. Perseus Digital Library.
Liddell, Henry George and Scott, Robert."Arktos." A Greek-English Lexicon. Perseus Digital Library.

twycrosszoo.org

wildpro.twycrosszoo.org

Ursus arctos – Brown Bear species // Wildpro. Архивиран от оригинала на 2012-05-17. Посетен на 2017-06-15.

ucalgary.ca

pubs.aina.ucalgary.ca

Doupé, J. P., England, J. H., Furze, M., & Paetkau, D. Most northerly observation of a grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) in Canada: photographic and DNA evidence from Melville Island, Northwest Territories // Arctic 60. 2007. с. 271 – 276. Архивиран от оригинала на 2015-09-17.
Feeding patterns of barren-ground grizzly bears in the central Canadian Arctic // Arctic 55 (#4). 2002. DOI:10.14430/arctic717. с. 339 – 344. Архивиран от оригинала на 2018-11-13.
Gunn, A., & Miller, F. L. Muskox bull killed by a barren-ground grizzly bear, Thelon Game Sanctuary, NWT // Arctic 35 (#4). 1982. DOI:10.14430/arctic2364. с. 545 – 546. Архивиран от оригинала на 2018-11-13.

unm.edu

sora.unm.edu

Brown bear (Ursus arctos) feeds on Steller's Sea Eagle (Haliaeetus pelagicus) nestling // Journal of Raptor Research 33 (#4). 1999. с. 342 – 343.

usgs.gov

pubs.er.usgs.gov

Barnes Jr, V., & Smith, R. Cub adoption by brown bears (Ursus arctos middendorffi) on Kodiak Island, Alaska // Canadian Field-Naturalist 107. 1993. с. 365 – 367.

sbsc.wr.usgs.gov

Mattson, David. Foraging Behavior of North American Bears // Southwest Biological Science Center. Архивиран от оригинала на 2007-07-11.

fresc.usgs.gov

Mattson, D. J., Blanchard, B. M., & Knight, R. R. Food habits of Yellowstone grizzly bears, 1977 – 1987 // Canadian Journal of Zoology 69 (#6). 1991. DOI:10.1139/z91-226. с. 1619.

utsandiego.com

Seeds of doubt // San Diego Union Tribune, 29 май 2008.

uvic.ca

web.uvic.ca

Klinka, D. R., & Reimchen, T. E. Nocturnal and diurnal foraging behaviour of brown bears (Ursus arctos) on a salmon stream in coastal British Columbia // Canadian Journal of Zoology 80 (8). 2002. DOI:10.1139/z02-123. с. 1317.

virginmedia.com

fourdirections.webspace.virginmedia.com

Bear Conservation UK. Stickeen Brown Bear // Архивиран от оригинала на 2014-03-14. Посетен на 15 юни 2013.

wcsrussia.org

Seryodkin, I.V. Роль Бурого Медведя в Экосистемах Дальнего Востока России. International Conference in Dnepropetrovsk, 2007. с. 502 – 503.

weaselwords.com

Brown, Susan, A. Inherited behavior traits of the domesticated ferret // weaselwords.com.

web.archive.org

Karhu // suurpedot.fi. Архивиран от оригинала на 2014-11-07. Посетен на 22 октомври 2010. (на фински)
Bear Online Information System for Europe Архив на оригинала от 2021-06-14 в Wayback Machine.. Kora.ch. Посетен на 15 септември 2011.
РИОСВ Смолян. Дългосрочна програма от мерки за намаляване на щетите от мечки и други едри хищници на територията на РИОСВ Смолян (2014 – 2023) // 2014. Архивиран от оригинала на 2014-11-30. Посетен на 19 ноември 2014.
Александър Дуцов и др. План за действие за кафявата мечка в България // МОСВ, 2012. Архивиран от оригинала на 2014-07-22. Посетен на 20 ноември 2014.
J. E. Swenson, P. Taberlet, E. Bellermain. Genetics and conservation of European brown bears Ursus arctos // Mammal Rev., Volume 41, No. 2, 87 – 98, 2011. Архивиран от оригинала на 2014-11-29. Посетен на 20 ноември 2014. (на английски)
Katajisto, J. (2006). Habitat use and population dynamics of brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Scandinavia Архив на оригинала от 2016-08-18 в Wayback Machine.. University of Helsinki, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences (November 2015).
Nawaz, M. A., Martin, J., & Swenson, J. E. Identifying key habitats to conserve the threatened brown bear in the Himalaya // Biological Conservation 170. 2014. DOI:10.1016/j.biocon.2013.12.031. с. 198. Архивиран от оригинала на 2016-09-10.
Brown Bear Hunting in Russia // Russianbearhunt.com. Архивиран от оригинала на 20 март 2007.
Geist, Valerius (1989) "Did Large Predators keep Humans out of North America?", pp. 282 – 294 in Juliet Clutton-Brock (ed.) The Walking larder: patterns of domestication, pastoralism, and predation, Unwin Hyman, ISBN 0-04-445013-3.
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Designating the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem Population of Grizzly Bears as a Distinct Population Segment; Removing the Yellowstone Distinct Population Segment of Grizzly Bears From the Federal List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife (PDF) // Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 221, 17 ноември 2006. с. 69854 – 69884. Архивиран от оригинала на 2006-08-25. Посетен на 1 август 2006.
brownbearbg. Възможно ли е безопасно съжителство с мечки в XXI век ? // brownbearbg, 2012. Архивиран от оригинала на 2014-11-29. Посетен на 20 ноември 2014.
Zedrosser, A., Steyaert, S. M., Gossow, H., & Swenson, J. E. Brown bear conservation and the ghost of persecution past // Biological Conservation 144 (9). 2011. DOI:10.1016/j.biocon.2011.05.005. с. 2163. Архивиран от оригинала на 2018-11-13.
Cuántos osos hay y dónde viven. Fundación Oso Pardo – distribution maps and population from 2008 (на испански)
DEPANA Архив на оригинала от 2011-07-25 в Wayback Machine. – detailed distribution maps and census information from 2009 (на каталонски).
The Cantabrian Brown Bear Ursus arctos arctos Архив на оригинала от 2012-03-22 в Wayback Machine.. picos-accommodation.co.uk.
Bear Conservation UK. Stickeen Brown Bear // Архивиран от оригинала на 2014-03-14. Посетен на 15 юни 2013.
Mammalian Species – Ursus arctos (PDF) // American Society of Mammalogists, Smith College. Архивиран от оригинала на 2017-03-31. Посетен на 2017-02-06.
Fitzgerald, Christopher S. и др. Helarctos malayanus // Mammalian Species 696. 2002. DOI:<0001:HM>2.0.CO;2 10.1644/1545-1410(2002)696<0001:HM>2.0.CO;2. с. 1. Архивиран от оригинала на 2016-03-04. Посетен на 2017-06-15.
Panthera leo // Mammalian Species 762. 2005. DOI:[0001:PL2.0.CO;2 10.1644/1545-1410(2005)762[0001:PL]2.0.CO;2]. с. 1 – 11. Архивиран от оригинала на 2017-07-28.
Ursus arctos – Brown Bear species // Wildpro. Архивиран от оригинала на 2012-05-17. Посетен на 2017-06-15.
Hilderbrand, G. V., Schwartz, C. C., Robbins, C. T., Jacoby, M. E., Hanley, T. A., Arthur, S. M., & Servheen, C. The importance of meat, particularly salmon, to body size, population productivity, and conservation of North American brown bears // Canadian Journal of Zoology 77. 1999. DOI:10.1139/z98-195. с. 132. Архивиран от оригинала на 2016-12-21.
Brown Grizzly or Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) // Mammals of Texas – Online Edition. Архивиран от оригинала на 2019-11-23. Посетен на 2017-06-17.
Kanellopoulos, N., Mertzanis, G., Korakis, G. & Panagiotopoulou, M. Selective habitat use by brown bear (Ursus arctos L.) in northern Pindos, Greece // Journal of Biological Research 5. 2006. с. 23 – 33. Архивиран от оригинала на 2012-03-04. Посетен на 2017-06-17.
Doupé, J. P., England, J. H., Furze, M., & Paetkau, D. Most northerly observation of a grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) in Canada: photographic and DNA evidence from Melville Island, Northwest Territories // Arctic 60. 2007. с. 271 – 276. Архивиран от оригинала на 2015-09-17.
Rigg, R., & Adamec, M. (2007). "Status, ecology and management of the brown bear (Ursus arctos) in Slovakia" Архив на оригинала от 2019-08-07 в Wayback Machine.. Slovak Wildlife Society, Liptovský Hrádok.
Blanchard, B. M. Size and growth patterns of the Yellowstone grizzly bear // Bears: Their Biology and Management. 1987. с. 99 – 107. Архивиран от оригинала на 2016-10-21.
Polar bear, (Ursus maritimus) (PDF) // U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Appearance.(Overview page)
Brown / Grizzly Bear Facts // North American Bear Center. Архивиран от оригинала на 2013-05-24. Посетен на 2017-10-31.
Egbert, Allan L. и др. The social behaviour of brown bears on an Alaskan salmon stream (PDF) // International Conference Bear Res. and Manage 3. 1974. DOI:10.2307/3872753. с. 41 – 56. Архивиран от оригинала на 2015-07-17.
Stonorov, Derek and Stokes, Allen W. (1972) "Social Behavior of the Alaska Brown Bear" Архив на оригинала от 2013-07-22 в Wayback Machine. Panel 4: Bear Behaviour
Brown Bear Reproduction // Shadowofthebear.com. Архивиран от оригинала на 1 май 2008.
Madic, J., Huber, D., Lugovic B. Serologic survey for selected viral and rickettsial agents of broun bears (Ursus arctos) in Croatia // Journal of Wildlife Diseases. Архивиран от оригинала на 2021-08-30. Посетен на 1993. (на английски)
Alaska is bear territory! // Alaska Office of Economic Development. Dced.state.ak.us. Архивиран от оригинала на 2009-04-15. Посетен на 2018-12-30.
Mace, R. D., & Jonkel, C. J. Local Food Habits of the Grizzly Bear in Montana // Bears: Their Biology and Management 6. 1986. DOI:10.2307/3872813. с. 105 – 110. Архивиран от оригинала на 2010-12-03.
Bunnell, F. L., & Hamilton, T. Forage digestibility and fitness in grizzly bears // Bears: Their Biology and Management 7. 1987. DOI:10.2307/3872625. с. 187 – 197. Архивиран от оригинала на 2010-12-03.
Yellowstone Grizzly Bears Eat 40,000 Moths a Day In August // Yellowstonepark.com, 21 юни 2011. Архивиран от оригинала на 2010-07-15. Посетен на 2019-02-04.
Reinhart, D. P., & Mattson, D. J. Bear use of cutthroat trout spawning streams in Yellowstone National Park // Bears: Their Biology and Management 8. 1990. с. 343 – 350. Архивиран от оригинала на 2010-12-03.
Feeding patterns of barren-ground grizzly bears in the central Canadian Arctic // Arctic 55 (#4). 2002. DOI:10.14430/arctic717. с. 339 – 344. Архивиран от оригинала на 2018-11-13.
Wyman, T. Grizzly bear predation on a bull bison in Yellowstone National Park // Ursus 13. 2002. с. 375 – 377. Архивиран от оригинала на 2017-10-11.
Edwards, M. (2005). Ecology of Grizzly Bears (Ursus arctos) in the Mackenzie Delta oil and gas development area Архив на оригинала от 23 август 2016 в Wayback Machine.. University of Alberta, Department of Biological Sciences.
Mattson, David. Foraging Behavior of North American Bears // Southwest Biological Science Center. Архивиран от оригинала на 2007-07-11.
Barber, S. M., Mech, L. D., & White, P. J. Bears remain top summer predators // Yellowstone Science 13 (#3). 2005. с. 37 – 44. Архивиран от оригинала на 2018-11-13.
Leslie, D. M., & Schaller, G. B. Bos grunniens and Bos mutus (Artiodactyla: Bovidae // Mammalian Species 836. 2009. DOI:10.1644/836.1. с. 1 – 17. Архивиран от оригинала на 2021-08-30.
Gunn, A., & Miller, F. L. Muskox bull killed by a barren-ground grizzly bear, Thelon Game Sanctuary, NWT // Arctic 35 (#4). 1982. DOI:10.14430/arctic2364. с. 545 – 546. Архивиран от оригинала на 2018-11-13.
Miquelle, Dale G. Food habits of Amur tigers in the Sikhote-Alin Zapovednik and the Russian Far East, and implications for conservation // Journal of Wildlife Research 1 (#2). 1996. с. 138. Архивиран от оригинала на 1 November 2012.
Ballard, W. B., Lutz, D., Keegan, T. W., Carpenter, L. H., & deVos Jr, J. C. Deer-predator relationships: a review of recent North American studies with emphasis on mule and black-tailed deer // Wildlife Society Bulletin 29 (#1). 2001. с. 99 – 115. Архивиран от оригинала на 2016-12-20.
Saniga, M. Nest loss and chick mortality in capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) and hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia) in West Carpathians // Folia Zoologica 51 (#3). 2002. с. 205 – 214. Архивиран от оригинала на 2018-11-13. Посетен на 2019-07-01.
Krofel, M. Predation and partial consumption of an adult Hermann's tortoise (Testudo hermanni Gmelin, 1789) by a brown bear (Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758) // Herpetology Notes 5. 2012. с. 499 – 501. Архивиран от оригинала на 2019-08-07. Посетен на 2019-07-01.

wikipedia.org

en.wikipedia.org

Neal Lineback and Mandy Lineback Gritzner. Geography in the News: Grizzlies’ Territory // National Geographic, 2013. Посетен на 22 ноември 2014. (на английски)^{[неработеща препратка]}
Charilaos Pilides. Brown bear (Ursus arctos) conservation and genetics in northern Greece // Greek NGO Callisto, 2014. Посетен на 19 ноември 2014. (на английски)^{[неработеща препратка]}
Aryal, A., Hopkins III, J. B., Raubenheimer, D., Ji, W., & Brunton, D. Distribution and diet of brown bears in the upper Mustang Region, Nepal // Ursus 23 (2). 2012. DOI:10.2192/URSUS-D-11-00015.1. с. 231.^{[неработеща препратка]}

wildlifeextra.com

Brown bears declared extinct in Austria – Again // Wildlife Extra. Посетен на 20 март 2015.

yellowstonepark.com

Yellowstone Grizzly Bears Eat 40,000 Moths a Day In August // Yellowstonepark.com, 21 юни 2011. Архивиран от оригинала на 2010-07-15. Посетен на 2019-02-04.