Comerç àrab d'esclaus (Catalan Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Comerç àrab d'esclaus" in Catalan language version.

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25google.cat

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19web.archive.org

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4doi.org

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2msu.edu

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1questia.com

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1history-world.org

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about.com

africanhistory.about.com

Alistair Boddy-Evans. Central Africa Republic Timeline – Part 1: From Prehistory to Independence (13 August 1960), A Chronology of Key Events in Central Africa Republic Arxivat 23 April 2013^{[Date mismatch]} a Wayback Machine.. About.com

academia.edu

Mikhail Kizilov. «Slave Trade in the Early Modern Crimea From the Perspective of Christian, Muslim, and Jewish Sources». Oxford University p. 7–28.
Darjusz Kołodziejczyk, recollit a Mikhail Kizilov. «Slaves, Money Lenders, and Prisoner Guards:The Jews and the Trade in Slaves and Captivesin the Crimean Khanate». The Journal of Jewish Studies p. 2, 2007.

adelaide.edu.au

ebooks.adelaide.edu.au

«Travels in Nubia, by John Lewis Burckhardt». Ebooks.adelaide.edu.au, 25-08-2015. Arxivat de l'original el 2019-04-04. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].

alternet.org

«Hidden Iraq». "William Cobb". Arxivat de l'original el 2012-02-17. [Consulta: 15 març 2017].

amazon.com

"Know about Islamic Slavery in Africa"Arxivat 31-10-2007 a Wayback Machine.
Davis, Robert. Christian Slaves, Muslim Masters: White Slavery in the Mediterranean, the Barbary Coast and Italy, 1500-1800.[1]

americanthinker.com

Andrew G. Bostom. «The living legacy of jihad slavery». American Thinker, 12-04-2005.

archive.today

«David Livingstone; Christian History Institute». Arxivat de l'original el 2005-03-07. [Consulta: 16 març 2017].

avalanchepress.com

«Soldier Khan». Avalanchepress.com. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].

bbc.co.uk

«History - British Slaves on the Barbary Coast». BBC. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].
"The Abolition season", BBC World Service

news.bbc.co.uk

Kevin Mwachiro «BBC Remembering East African slave raids». BBC [Nairobi], 30-03-2007 [Consulta: 29 abril 2015].
«Mauritanian MPs pass slavery law». BBC News, 09-08-2007. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].

britannica.com

«Historical survey > Slave societies». Britannica.com. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].

cal.org

«The Somali Bantu: Their History and Culture» (PDF). Arxivat de l'original el 16 d'octubre 2011. [Consulta: 18 octubre 2011].

cambridge.org

The Shell Money of the Slave Trade. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986. ISBN 9780521541107 [Consulta: 29 abril 2015].

circassiancanada.com

«Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda Kölelik». Arxivat de l'original el 2006-02-21. [Consulta: 3 juny 2015].

city-journal.org

Full Name. «"Jefferson Versus the Muslim Pirates" by Christopher Hitchens, ''City Journal'' Spring 2007». City-journal.org. Arxivat de l'original el 2011-09-25. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].

dlir.org

«Fischer W. Alan (1978) The sale of slaves in the Ottoman Empire: Markets and state taxes on slave sales, some preliminary considerations. Bogazici Universitesi Dergisi, Beseri Bilimler - Humanities, vol. 6, pp. 150-151.» (PDF). Arxivat de l'original el 11 gener 2012. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].

doi.org

dx.doi.org

Talhami, Ghada Hashem «The Zanj Rebellion Reconsidered». The International Journal of African Historical Studies, 10, 3, 01-01-1977, pàg. 443-461. DOI: 10.2307/216737. JSTOR: 216737.
Mackie, Gerry «Ending Footbinding and Infibulation: A Convention Account». American Sociological Review, 61, 6, 12-1996, pàg. 999–1017. Arxivat de l'original el 10 de maig 2013. DOI: 10.2307/2096305 [Consulta: 9 maig 2013].
Alexander, J. «Islam, Archaeology and Slavery in Africa». World Archaeology, 33, 1, 2001, pàg. 44–60. DOI: 10.1080/00438240126645. JSTOR: 827888.
Sajoo, Amyn B. (juny 1995), "The Islamic Ethos and the Spirit of Humanism", International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society (Springer Netherlands) 8 (4): 579–596 [582], DOI 10.1007/BF02142469

geocities.com

«the Zanj: Towards a History of the Zanj Slaves' Rebellion». Web.archive.org. Arxivat de l'original el 27 octubre 2009. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].
«The Forgotten Holocaust: The Eastern Slave Trade». Arxivat de l'original el 2009-10-25.

uk.geocities.com

«Zanzibar». Arxivat de l'original el 25 d'octubre 2009. [Consulta: 16 març 2017].

gmu.edu

chnm.gmu.edu

«"Horrible Traffic in Circassian Women—Infanticide in Turkey," New York Daily Times, August 6, 1856». Chnm.gmu.edu. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].

google.cat

books.google.cat

Lodhi, Abdulaziz. Oriental influences in Swahili: a study in language and culture contacts. Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 2000, p. 17. ISBN 9173463779.
Edward R. Tannenbaum, Guilford Dudley. A History of World Civilizations. Wiley, 1973, p. 615. ISBN 0471844802.
Robert C. Davis. Christian Slaves, Muslim Masters: White Slavery in the Mediterranean, the Barbary Coast and Italy, 1500-1800. Londres: Palgrave Macmillan, desembre 2003, p. 45. ISBN 0333719662 [Consulta: 15 maig 2015].
David D. Laitin. Politics, Language, and Thought: The Somali Experience. University of Chicago Press, 1 maig 1977, p. 29–30. ISBN 978-0-226-46791-7 [Consulta: 2 juliol 2012].
Campbell, Gwyn. Abolition and Its Aftermath in the Indian Ocean Africa and Asia. Psychology Press, 2004, p. 121. ISBN 0203493028.
Abir, Mordechai. Ethiopia: the era of the princes: the challenge of Islam and re-unification of the Christian Empire, 1769-1855. Praeger, 1968, p. 56.
International Business Publications, USA Central African Republic Foreign Policy and Government Guide (World Strategic and Business Information Library). 1. Int'l Business Publications, 7 febrer 2007, p. 47. ISBN 1433006219 [Consulta: 25 maig 2015]. ^{[Enllaç no actiu]}
Kwame Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African-American Experience 5-Volume Set. Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 295. ISBN 0195170555.
David Livingstone (2006). "The Last Journals of David Livingstone, in Central Africa, from 1865 to His Death". Echo Library. p.46. ISBN 1-84637-555-X
Gareth Wilson (2010). "The Plain Truths of Religion". AuthorHouse. p.328. ISBN 978-1-4520-0474-7
Owen Rutter. The pirate wind: tales of the sea-robbers of Malaya. Oxford University Press, 1986, p. 140.
W. G. Clarence-Smith. Islam and the Abolition of Slavery. Oxford University Press, 2006, p. 70–. ISBN 978-0-19-522151-0.
Humphrey J. Fisher. Slavery in the History of Muslim Black Africa. NYU Press, 1 agost 2001, p. 182–. ISBN 978-0-8147-2716-4.
Shirley Guthrie. Arab Women in the Middle Ages: Private Lives and Public Roles. Saqi, 1 agost 2013. ISBN 978-0-86356-764-3.
William D. Phillips. Slavery from Roman Times to the Early Transatlantic Trade. Manchester University Press, 1985, p. 126–. ISBN 978-0-7190-1825-1.
Ibn Batuta; Said Hamdun; Noel Quinton King Ibn Battuta in Black Africa. Markus Wiener Publishers, març 2005, p. 65. ISBN 978-1-55876-336-4.
Ibn Battuta. Travels in Asia and Africa, 1325-1354. Psychology Press, 1 setembre 2004, p. 334–. ISBN 978-0-415-34473-9.
Raymond Aaron Silverman. History, art and assimilation: the impact of Islam on Akan material culture. University of Washington, 1983, p. 51.
Chouki El Hamel. Black Morocco: A History of Slavery, Race, and Islam. Cambridge University Press, 27 febrer 2014, p. 129–. ISBN 978-1-139-62004-8.
Conlin, Joseph. The American Past: A Survey of American History. Boston, MA: Wadsworth, 2009, p. 206. ISBN 978-0-495-57288-6 [Consulta: 10 octubre 2010].
Doudou Diène From Chains to Bonds: The Slave Trade Revisited. Berghahn Books, 2001, p. 16. ISBN 1571812652 [Consulta: 26 maig 2015].
Moorehead, Alan. The White Nile. Nova York: Harper & Brothers, 1960, p. 11-12. ISBN 9780060956394.

google.cat

Ochiengʼ, William Robert. Eastern Kenya and Its Invaders. East African Literature Bureau, 1975, p. 76 [Consulta: 15 maig 2015].
Rodriguez, Junius P. Encyclopedia of Slave Resistance and Rebellion, Volume 2. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2007, p. 585. ISBN 0313332738.
Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, Volumes 21-22, 1991, p. 87 [Consulta: 17 gener 2015].

gospelcom.net

chi.gospelcom.net

«David Livingstone; Christian History Institute». Arxivat de l'original el 2005-03-07. [Consulta: 16 març 2017].

history-world.org

«Islam, From Arab To Islamic Empire: The Early Abbasid Era». History-world.org. Arxivat de l'original el 2018-09-24. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].

jewishencyclopedia.com

«SLAVE-TRADE - JewishEncyclopedia.com».

jstor.org

Talhami, Ghada Hashem «The Zanj Rebellion Reconsidered». The International Journal of African Historical Studies, 10, 3, 01-01-1977, pàg. 443-461. DOI: 10.2307/216737. JSTOR: 216737.
Alexander, J. «Islam, Archaeology and Slavery in Africa». World Archaeology, 33, 1, 2001, pàg. 44–60. DOI: 10.1080/00438240126645. JSTOR: 827888.
Hannoum, Abdelmajid «Translation and the Colonial Imaginary: Ibn Khaldûn Orientalist». History and Theory, 42, 1, 01-01-2003, pàg. 61–81. JSTOR: 3590803.

mondediplo.com

Please note : The numbers occurring in the source, and repeated here on Wikipedia include both Arab and European trade. «A Hundred And Fifty Years After France Abolished Slavery: The impact of the slave trade on Africa». Le Monde diplomatique, 01-04-1998. [Consulta: 3 juny 2015].

msu.edu

coursesa.matrix.msu.edu

«Supply of Slaves». Coursesa.matrix.msu.edu. Arxivat de l'original el 2009-09-11. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].
«In the Service of the State and Military Class». Coursesa.matrix.msu.edu. Arxivat de l'original el 2009-09-11. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].

nationalgeographic.com

www7.nationalgeographic.com

«Swahili Coast». .nationalgeographic.com, 17-10-2002. Arxivat de l'original el 6 de desembre 2007. [Consulta: 16 març 2017].

necrometrics.com

Citat a Ronald Segal's Islam's Black Slaves

nytimes.com

Adam Hochschild «Human Cargo». New York Times, 04-03-2001 [Consulta: 20 desembre 2012].

osu.edu

researchnews.osu.edu

Jeff Grabmeier. «When Europeans Were Slaves: Research Suggest White Slavery Was Much More Common Than Previously Believed». Columbus, Ohio: OSU News Research Archive, 08-03-2004. Arxivat de l'original el 25 de juliol 2011. [Consulta: 15 maig 2015].

pilotguides.com

Susi O'Neill. «The blood of a nation of Slaves in Stone Town». Globe Trekker. Arxivat de l'original el 25 de desembre 2008. [Consulta: 29 abril 2015].

questia.com

Asquith, Christina. «Revisiting the Zanj and Re-Visioning Revolt: Complexities of the Zanj Conflict - 868-883 Ad - slave revolt in Iraq». Questia.com. Arxivat de l'original el 2016-03-06. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].

reuters.com

Reuters Editorial. «Slavery still exists in Mauritania». Reuters.com, 22-03-2007. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].

sfusd.edu

«Battuta's Trip: Journey to West Africa (1351 - 1353)». Web.archive.org, 28-06-2010. Arxivat de l'original el 2010-06-28. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].

state.gov

«Slavery, Abduction and Forced Servitude in Sudan». US Department of State, 22-05-2002. [Consulta: 20 març 2014].

tinaturk.org

«17th-century Icelandic accounts of Barbary or "Turkish" raids, first in Turkish and then English.» (PDF). [Consulta: 23 març 2016].

uca.edu

libro.uca.edu

James William Brodman. «''Ransoming Captives in Crusader Spain: The Order of Merced on the Christian-Islamic Frontier''». Libro.uca.edu. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].

ucsd.edu

dss.ucsd.edu

Mackie, Gerry «Ending Footbinding and Infibulation: A Convention Account». American Sociological Review, 61, 6, 12-1996, pàg. 999–1017. Arxivat de l'original el 10 de maig 2013. DOI: 10.2307/2096305 [Consulta: 9 maig 2013].

unhcr.org

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. «Refugees Vol. 3, No. 128, 2002 UNHCR Publication Refugees about the Somali Bantu». Unhcr.org. [Consulta: 18 octubre 2011].

washingtonpost.com

Labbe, Theola «A Legacy Hidden in Plain Sight». The Washington Post, 11-01-2004 [Consulta: 29 abril 2015].
«Hidden History, Secret Present: The Origins And Status Of African Palestinians». The Health Promotion Research Unit and The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine [Consulta: 29 abril 2015].

web.archive.org

Asquith, Christina. «Revisiting the Zanj and Re-Visioning Revolt: Complexities of the Zanj Conflict - 868-883 Ad - slave revolt in Iraq». Questia.com. Arxivat de l'original el 2016-03-06. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].
«Islam, From Arab To Islamic Empire: The Early Abbasid Era». History-world.org. Arxivat de l'original el 2018-09-24. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].
«the Zanj: Towards a History of the Zanj Slaves' Rebellion». Web.archive.org. Arxivat de l'original el 27 octubre 2009. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].
«Hidden Iraq». "William Cobb". Arxivat de l'original el 2012-02-17. [Consulta: 15 març 2017].
Jeff Grabmeier. «When Europeans Were Slaves: Research Suggest White Slavery Was Much More Common Than Previously Believed». Columbus, Ohio: OSU News Research Archive, 08-03-2004. Arxivat de l'original el 25 de juliol 2011. [Consulta: 15 maig 2015].
Full Name. «"Jefferson Versus the Muslim Pirates" by Christopher Hitchens, ''City Journal'' Spring 2007». City-journal.org. Arxivat de l'original el 2011-09-25. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].
«Supply of Slaves». Coursesa.matrix.msu.edu. Arxivat de l'original el 2009-09-11. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].
«Battuta's Trip: Journey to West Africa (1351 - 1353)». Web.archive.org, 28-06-2010. Arxivat de l'original el 2010-06-28. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].
Susi O'Neill. «The blood of a nation of Slaves in Stone Town». Globe Trekker. Arxivat de l'original el 25 de desembre 2008. [Consulta: 29 abril 2015].
"Know about Islamic Slavery in Africa"Arxivat 31-10-2007 a Wayback Machine.
«Fischer W. Alan (1978) The sale of slaves in the Ottoman Empire: Markets and state taxes on slave sales, some preliminary considerations. Bogazici Universitesi Dergisi, Beseri Bilimler - Humanities, vol. 6, pp. 150-151.» (PDF). Arxivat de l'original el 11 gener 2012. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].
«In the Service of the State and Military Class». Coursesa.matrix.msu.edu. Arxivat de l'original el 2009-09-11. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].
«Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda Kölelik». Arxivat de l'original el 2006-02-21. [Consulta: 3 juny 2015].
«The Somali Bantu: Their History and Culture» (PDF). Arxivat de l'original el 16 d'octubre 2011. [Consulta: 18 octubre 2011].
Mackie, Gerry «Ending Footbinding and Infibulation: A Convention Account». American Sociological Review, 61, 6, 12-1996, pàg. 999–1017. Arxivat de l'original el 10 de maig 2013. DOI: 10.2307/2096305 [Consulta: 9 maig 2013].
Alistair Boddy-Evans. Central Africa Republic Timeline – Part 1: From Prehistory to Independence (13 August 1960), A Chronology of Key Events in Central Africa Republic Arxivat 23 April 2013^{[Date mismatch]} a Wayback Machine.. About.com
«Travels in Nubia, by John Lewis Burckhardt». Ebooks.adelaide.edu.au, 25-08-2015. Arxivat de l'original el 2019-04-04. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].
«Swahili Coast». .nationalgeographic.com, 17-10-2002. Arxivat de l'original el 6 de desembre 2007. [Consulta: 16 març 2017].
«£400 for a Slave». Worldsocialism.org. Arxivat de l'original el 2011-08-31. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].

webcitation.org

«The Forgotten Holocaust: The Eastern Slave Trade». Arxivat de l'original el 2009-10-25.
«Zanzibar». Arxivat de l'original el 25 d'octubre 2009. [Consulta: 16 març 2017].

worldsocialism.org

«£400 for a Slave». Worldsocialism.org. Arxivat de l'original el 2011-08-31. [Consulta: 23 març 2016].