Keenan, Philip C. «Spectral types and their uses». Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, vol. 99, 8-1987, pàg. 713–723. Bibcode: 1987PASP...99..713K. DOI: 10.1086/132036.
Keenan, Philip C.; Yorka, Sandra B.; Wilson, Olin C. «Recognition and classification of strong-CN giants». Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, vol. 99, 7-1987, pàg. 629–636. Bibcode: 1987PASP...99..629K. DOI: 10.1086/132025.
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Keenan, P. C.; Heck, A. «SMR stars, strong-CN stars, and R stars». Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica, vol. 29, 7-1994, pàg. 103–110. Bibcode: 1994RMxAA..29..103K.
Keenan, Philip C. «Spectral types and their uses». Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, vol. 99, 8-1987, pàg. 713–723. Bibcode: 1987PASP...99..713K. DOI: 10.1086/132036.
Keenan, Philip C.; Yorka, Sandra B.; Wilson, Olin C. «Recognition and classification of strong-CN giants». Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, vol. 99, 7-1987, pàg. 629–636. Bibcode: 1987PASP...99..629K. DOI: 10.1086/132025.